• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.25-47
• /
• 2008

This paper tries to explore the impact of economic globalization on social capital accumulation. To investigate direct effect, we build a model and derive a proposition which can explain the relative decline in social capital brought about by market expansion. Besides direct effect, we also explore channel effect through democracy, government size, education attainment, and inequality. We estimate direct and channel effect of globalization using cross section of 65 countries data time period 1980-1999 using three-stage least squares(3SLS). Results are in line with predictions and clearly support that globalization significantly and negatively affects social capital accumulation. Channel effect also shows that globalization has a negative effect through aggravating income inequality while it has a positive effect through higher education attainment, higher level of democracy and larger government spending. Such a net negative channel effect reinforces our prediction. As a robustness check we estimate other sets of data and the result strongly supports our theory.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.41-52
• /
• 2023

This study aims to discuss the role and function of social capital in explaining social risk perception among female-headed households. This study analyzed the level of social risk perception and its determinant factors of female-headed households using 2020 Social Survey data from Statistics Korea. The analysis revealed that socio-demographic factors and social capital influenced the perception of social risk. In addition, the social capital related to social safety was associated with the level of social risk perception. Even after controlling for various factors, the social risk perception level among female-headed households was higher than among male-headed ones. Among female-headed households, social capital such as compliance with regulations or ability to cope with risk; demographic factors such as age, residential area, and health status; and economic factors such as income level and housing type were found to affect social risk perception. Based upon the findings this study devises ways to accumulate social capital that can be obtained in cooperative relationships between families and communities.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.143-148
• /
• 2022

The subject of this paper is the practical examples of technoculture that critically thinks network technology, a strong material foundation in the era of data capitalism in the 21st century, and appropriates its socio-cultural metaphor as an artistic potential. In order to analyze its alternatives and the meaning of cultural politics, this paper examines the properties and influence of data capitalism after the 2008 global financial crisis, and the cultural and artistic context formed by its reaction. The first case considered in this paper, Furtherfield's workshop, provided a useful example of how citizens can participate in social change through learning and education in which art and technology are interrelated. The second case, Greek hackerspace HSGR, developed network technology as a tool to overcome the crisis by proposing a new progressive cultural commons due to Greece's financial crisis caused by the global financial crisis and a decrease in the state's creative support. The third case, Paolo Cirio's project, promoted a critical citizenship towards the state and community systems as dominant types of social governance. These technoculture cases can be evaluated as efforts to combine and rediscover progressive political ideology and its artistic realization tradition in the context of cultural politics, paying attention to the possibility of signifying practices of network technology that dominates the contemporary economic system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Database Society Conference
• /
• 1997.10a
• /
• pp.337-353
• /
• 1997

인터넷과 월드와이드웹, 그리고 초고속정보통신망의 현실화는 이미 '정보사회'가 도래했다는 인식을 갖게한다. 정보사회에서는 정보가 생산수단이 되기 때문에 정보의 소유 형태가 새로운 생산관계와 사회적 권력관계를 결정하게 된다. 즉 산업자본주의 사회에서는 자본을 소유한 자본가가 생산의 모든 것을 장악했던 것과는 다르게 정보사회에서는 '정보인'이 생산의 모든 것을 장악한 다는 뜻이다. 보다 정확히는 '자본'의 지배가 아닌 '정보'의 지배로 사회의 중심이 바뀌고 있다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2015.04a
• /
• pp.277-280
• /
• 2015

자본주의는 시장 경제를 토대로 하고 있다. 시장 경제는 주식시장이 핵심이며, 주식시장의 위험회피를 위한 파생시장은 결국 자본주의의 가장 근본적인 요소이다. 다양하고 복잡한 파생시장에서 시스템 트레이딩의 중요성은 나날이 커지고 있으며, 감정을 극복하고 전략적인 매매를 하기 위한 최선의 방법이기도하다. 한국의 시스템 트레이딩은 전통적인 TS와 최신기술로 탄생한 Multicharts가 있다. Multicharts는 틱 단위의 신호데이타를 분석하여 실시간 거래를 할 수 있는 뛰어난 시스템이지만 아직 스마트폰 에이전트가 없다. PC에서는 Multicharts의 모든 기능을 수행할 수 있지만 관리자가 어디에서나 상황을 체크하고 제어할 수 있다면 훨씬 효과적인 운용이 가능할 것이다. PC에 기록되는 신호정보와 거래정보를 스마트폰으로 확인하고, 전략 실행을 스마트폰에서 제어하는 것만 가능해도, 보다 여유롭고 효율적인 파생거래를 할 수 있다. 이를 위해 안드로이드 폰과 PC간의 보안 연결을 설정하고 데이터 동기화를 구축하며, 이벤트 처리를 구현했다. 그리고 다수의 샘플 전략을 이용하여 스마트폰 UI를 구성하고 이의 효율성을 테스트하였다.

• Korean journal of communication and information
• /
• v.66
• /
• pp.211-241
• /
• 2014

In the era of neoliberalism with high rate of youth unemployment, young college students are forced to believe that the only way to enter the job market is by accepting and participating temporary off-campus apprenticeship, which often disguised as an internship for the creative culture and knowledge. This article discusses that the mode of off-campus apprenticeship, which is supposed to voluntary and participatory, bears in fact a strong resemblance with digital labor. Based on a series of in-depth interviews with college students, this study argues that the apprentice-typed labor denotes a process by which immaterial labor or free labor coincides with self-directed job training. Throughout the digital labor processes young college students are in a constant oscillation between precarity and hope, negotiating their autonomy and social conditions in the neoliberal work environment. The digital labor accumulates students' knowledge and information as a form of commodity, which in turn supports communicative capitalism.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.91-135
• /
• 2019

As we live a life increasingly mediated by computers, we often outsource our critical judgments to artificial intelligence(AI)-based algorithms. Most of us have become quite dependent upon algorithms: computers are now recommending what we see, what we buy, and who we befriend with. What happens to our lives and identities when we use statistical models, algorithms, AI, to make a decision for us? This paper is a preliminary attempt to chronicle a historical trajectory of judging people's economic and moral worth, namely the history of credit-rating within the context of the history of capitalism. More importantly this paper will critically review the history of credit-rating from its earlier conception to the age of big data and algorithmic evaluation, in order to ask questions about what the political implications of outsourcing our judgments to computer models and artificial intelligence would be. Some of the questions I would like to ask in this paper are: by whom and for what purposes is the computer and artificial intelligence encroached into the area of judging people's economic and moral worth? In what ways does the evolution of capitalism constitute a new mode of judging people's financial and personal identity, namely the rated self? What happens in our self-conception and identity when we are increasingly classified, evaluated, and judged by computer models and artificial intelligence? This paper ends with a brief discussion on the political implications of the outsourcing of human judgment to artificial intelligence, and some of the analytic frameworks for further political actions.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.215-220
• /
• 2023

Network technology used as a physical interface to retrieve, store, and exchange data is leading the era of data capitalism in the 21st century. The capacity of network technology dominates almost all communication in everyday life, and makes social understanding and experiences in the physical world visible in cyberspace. The movements of human bodies and objects in cyberspace are placed in a social context. This paper paid attention to these phenomena and examined the cases of activism that raised real problems through cyberspace. In particular, the focus of the study is the digital activism of the Electronic Disturbance Theater, which combines critical art and thinking for democracy with the realm of information and demonstrates aesthetic imagination. The first chapter of the main body briefly outlines the meaning activism as a social movement in cyberspace. The second chapter looks back on the alternatives of <FloodNet>, which represents the early activism performance of EDT. And then in the last chapter, the poetic significance of the <Transborder Immigrant Tool> is analyzed. Through this process, this paper demonstrates that the activism performance of the EDT is a critical aesthetics that encourages imagination for alternatives. It also argues that Electronic Disturbance Theater has contemporary value as an avant-garde art that actively utilizes the medium of network technology and integrates performance art and politics.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.125-159
• /
• 2020

Amid global pandemic of covid-19, Korean government's response has drawn wide attention among social scientists as well as medical studies. The role of Korean state and civil society has attracted particular attention among others. Yet, this paper criticizes extant studies on Korean case which focus on the extensive intervention of the strong state and subjective attitude of Korean citizens in coping with covid-19. The concept of the strong state lacks social scientific specification and subjective citizens do not match with Korean realities. This article argues that Korean state's capacity in collecting and mobilizing digital data may offer better understanding for the successful responses to the pandemic. First, Korean state is the ultimate coordinator in collecting, analyzing and applying big data about the expansion of covid-19 with its huge network of dataveillance. Also, such role has been largely based upon relevant legal framework and well prepared manuals and cooperation with civic actors and companies. In other words, Korean digital dataveillance had demonstrated its transparency and cooperative governance. Second, such dataveillance capacity has deep roots in the long-term development of Korean state's big data management. Korean state has evolved about thirty years while enhancing digital data network within governments, companies and private sectors. Third, the relationship between Korean state's dataveillance and civil society can be characterized as a state centered push model. This model demonstrates highly effective governmental responses to covid-19 crisis but fall short of building social consensus in balancing individual freedom, human rights and effective containment policies. It means communitarian solidarity among citizens has not been a major factor in Korea's successful response yet.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
• /
• no.37
• /
• pp.117-144
• /
• 2008

This is a timeseries study on the riving forces behind the changes of Korean welfare state. There are a few previous studies on the determinants of korean welfare state. These previous studies have some limitations in terms of reliability of the data source and validity of the statistical method used. Using the Comparative Social Policy Data-set(CSPD), we try to overcome the limitation of these previous studies. And adapting the time series regression, we examine the hypotheses about the changes of korean welfare state. In this study, four dependent variables are examined: the ratio of public social welfare expenditure to the GDP(WELGDP), the ratio of public social welfare expenditure to the government budget(WELGOV), the ratio of social expenditure to the GDP(SOCX), social welfare expenditure per capita. And independent variables were selected based on the theoretical background on the changes of welfare state. The results of this study as follows: First, the variables based on structural functionalism (industrialization) are the major driving forces behind the changes of korean welfare state since 1960s. Second, the effect of unemployment variable may be reasonably interpreted as reflecting the residual characteristics of korean welfare state. Third, the politics of the left based on power resource theory should be restrictedly interpreted. Ultimately, korean welfare state is still at rudimentary stage where the theory of industrialization is well applied as a driving forces behind the changes of welfare state.