• Title/Summary/Keyword: 대중교통서비스

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A Hybrid Vulnerability of NFC Technology in Smart Phone (스마트폰에서 NFC를 이용한 융.복합 하이브리드 취약점)

  • Park, Chang Min;Park, Neo;Park, Won Hyung
    • Convergence Security Journal
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.3-8
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    • 2012
  • Smartphones have all the recent technology integration and NFC (Near Field Communication) Technology is one of them and become an essential these days. Despite using smartphones with NFC technology widely, not many security vulnerabilities have been discovered. This paper attempts to identify characteristics and various services in NFC technology, and to present a wide range of security vulnerabilities, prevention, and policies especially in NFC Contactless technology. We describe a security vulnerability and an possible threat based on human vulnerability and traditional malware distribution technic using Peer-to-Peer network on NFC-Enabled smartphones. The vulnerability is as follows: An attacker creates a NFC tag for distributing his or her malicious code to unspecified individuals and apply to hidden spot near by NFC reader in public transport like subway system. The tag will direct smartphone users to a certain website and automatically downloads malicious codes into their smartphones. The infected devices actually help to spread malicious code using P2P mode and finally as traditional DDoS attack, a certain target will be attacked by them at scheduled time.

A Study on The Characteristics of Residential Area of Housing Voucher Program - in the Case of the Seoul Metropolitan Area (주택바우처 수혜자의 주거지 특성 분석 - 서울시를 중심으로)

  • Kim, Ga-Yeon;Hong, Hee-Jeong;Hong, Sung-Hyun
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.16 no.7
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    • pp.207-220
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    • 2016
  • Paradigm for supporting housing for low-middle income class has been changing from public rental housing to Housing Voucher. Housing Voucher started first in Seoul since 2010, and it has been expended to other areas in 2014. Given the dearth of previous research data, this study aims to analyze options determinants that the beneficiaries could consider in choosing their residential area. In this study, the researcher used for the research methods, a quantitative analysis by Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) has been conducted. As a result, the accessibility to social welfare centers, public transportation and job opportunities emerged main factors to for the Housing Voucher recipients in Seoul to choose their residential area. This is different results from previous research, which has two implications. First, reexamination of Housing Voucher is necessary. Second, Housing Voucher beneficiaries should include not only the housing but also support for family and welfare system access.

Relationship between Unmet Dental Needs and Social Determinants of Health (건강의 사회적 결정요인과 필요 치과진료 미수진과의 관련성)

  • Kim, Min-Young;Kim, Ji-Hyun
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.360-370
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    • 2020
  • In order to understand the factors related to the unmet dental needs, analysis was performed using the data of community health survey data. Targeting population of 214,861 aged 25 and over demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, social support, social environmental factors, social and physical environmental factors, and factors related to necessary unmet dental needs visit it was confirmed. The lower the age, the higher the income level, the lower the education level, the less contact with relatives and friends, the less likely they are to participate in relatives and leisure activities, dissatisfied with sociophysical environment(safety level, natural environment, living environment, public transportation, medical services) the higher unmet dental needs. It was confirmed that not only demographic and socioeconomic factors but also social support, social environmental factors, social and physical environmental factors had a statistically significant impact on the need of unmet dental needs. Future research that includes policy factors as social determinants of health will be needed as a way to increase the unmet dental needs.

Estimating Line Capacity Considering High-Speeding and Diversification of Trains (열차 속도향상과 다양화를 감안한 선로용량 산정에 관한 연구)

  • Ki, Hyung-Seo;Park, Dong-Joo;Choi, Jong-Bin;Choo, Jun-Sup
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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    • v.12 no.5
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    • pp.623-630
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    • 2009
  • The Korean railway system is a mass transit system consisting of a variety of train types such as common trains, high-speed train (KTX) and Metropolitan Express Railway (EMU). Its operation is based on the official timetable and it provides us with safe, accurate, quick and comfortable service. The objective of this study is to propose and prove more practical method for estimating line capacity by considering high-speeding and diversification of trains. In particular, the focus of this study is to reduce the discrepancy between the result of the theoretical line capacity estimation and the real line capacity of the operating agency of the Korean railway. In order to achieve the object, this study introduces a new railway capacity notion by considering TPS of line alignment, the operation type, train control and signaling system, etc. Through a practical schedule diagram exemplification, the result of the proposed method is verified as well.

Estimating Line Capacity Considering High-Speeding and Diversification of Trains (열차 속도향상과 다양화를 감안한 선로용량 산정에 관한 연구)

  • Ki, Hyung-Seo;Park, Dong-Joo
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2009.05a
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    • pp.1839-1850
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    • 2009
  • The Korean railway system is a mass transit system in which a various types of trains such as common trains, high-speed train (KTX), Metropolitan Express Railway (EMU) are operated. It is operated based on a timetable and provides us with safety, regularity, quickness and comfortable service. The objective of this study is to propose a method for estimating line capacity considering high-speeding and diversification of trains. In particular, the focus of this study is on the closing gap between the result of the existing line capacity estimation method and the real-world line capacity of the operating agency of the Korean railway. For this, this study introduces a new railway capacity definition by considering TPS of line alignment according to the operation type, train control and signaling system, etc. The verification of the proposed method using a practical schedule diagram exemplification is discussed as well.

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A User's Location Localization Method using Smartphone Sensor on a Subway (지하철에서 스마트폰 센서를 이용한 사용자 위치 추적 방법)

  • Cho, Jung-Gil
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.37-43
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    • 2020
  • Smartphone-based localization has been widely studied in many different scenarios. But as far as we know, few work has addressed the problem of localization in underground public transportation systems, where GPS signal and wireless infrastructure are not always available. Knowing the location of a train is necessary to develop a useful service for subway passengers. And so, estimation of motion state and stop station by using sensors on a smartphone is being studied for subway passengers. This paper proposes a localization method that uses a barometer and a magnetic sensor on a smartphone. The method proposed in this paper first estimates whether the train runs or stops according to the change in air pressure and the strength of the magnetic field. The altitude value and the magnetic field value are then used to estimate the exact stop station of the train. We evaluated the proposed method using data from the Seoul's subway line 5. Compared with previous methods, the proposed method achieves higher accuracy.

Spatial Regression Analysis of Factors Affecting the Spatial Accessibility of the Public Libraries in Busan (공간회귀분석을 이용한 부산지역 공공도서관 접근성 영향 요인 분석)

  • Koo, Bon Jin;Chang, Durk Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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    • v.55 no.4
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    • pp.67-87
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    • 2021
  • Public library accessibility directly affects library usage, and the disproportionate distribution of accessibility is a decisive factor limiting the equitable provision of library services. In this regard, this study analyzed the spatial accessibility of public libraries in Busan and identified the factors affecting accessibility of public libraries using spatial regression analysis. As a results of the analysis, the accessibility of public libraries in the Busan showed large deviations by region. Also, spatial distribution of public libraries had no correlation with the settled population and use of public transportation, and location of public libraries was inefficient, in terms of social equity. The results of this study will assist to understand the spatial accessibility of public libraries in Busan, to identify factors that affect the accessibility. Moreover, this study is expected to be utilized as fundamental data for releasing disparities of the spatial accessibility and selecting new location of public library in Busan.

A Study of User Satisfaction with Ubiquitous Environmental Sculptures - Focusing on the Gangnam U-STREET Media Pole - (유비쿼터스 환경조형물에 대한 이용 만족도 평가 - 강남 U-STREET 미디어폴을 대상으로 -)

  • Kim, Dong-Chan;Cho, Hwee-In
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.45-53
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    • 2010
  • This paper has attempted to propose a more progressive direction for U-environmental sculptures in a ubiquitous urban space in terms of usability, service, function and formative characteristics that enhance user satisfaction with these sculptures. For this, Media Pole, a U-environmental sculpture on Gangnam U-Street, has been examined. The results of this study are as follows: First, a study of user satisfaction was planned after establishing levels of satisfaction in terms of service, function and formative characteristics. In terms of satisfaction by the section of Media Pole, the public transportation map was the most influential in service while street culture and beauty of shape were critical in function and formative characteristics, respectively. In the relationship between satisfaction by section and overall satisfaction, furthermore, functional satisfaction had the biggest influence. Therefore, the development of human-centered functional factors which have pleasant and touching stories to facilitate communication with citizens are important in order to develop various Media Pole contents to enhance user satisfaction with the U-environmental sculpture and allow it evolve into a Gangnam landmark Since we are in the initial stage of a U-city, there are many problems that need to be addressed such as a lack of natural beauty, poor material quality of environmental sculptures, absence of storytelling, poor technology, lack of content, poor profitability and lack of means of social communication. In the end, the development of a comfortable, people-friendly space and U-environmental sculptures are needed in consideration of economic, social and cultural aspects instead of focusing on advanced technology only.

A Study on the Analysis of the Weak Areas of Taxi Service during Late Night Time (심야시간 대 택시 서비스 취약예상지역 분석 연구)

  • Song, Jaein;Kang, Min Hee;Cho, Yun Ji;Hwang, Kee yeon
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.163-179
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    • 2020
  • With the expansion of platform-based taxi service, mobility and convenience of users are getting better. However, due to profitability problem, marginalized areas in the supply of the service are expected to appear. As such, this study analyzed spatial marginalization of taxi service caused by imbalance in supply and demand during the night-time when public transportation service is suspended. According to hot-spot analysis of taxi, outskirt of a city and residential areas showed high vacancy and greater number of drop-offs compared to the number of pick-ups. On the contrary, they were confirmed low in the center and sub-centers of a city. Centrality analysis also showed a similar pattern with hot-spot analysis. Due to this, drivers may refuse to pick up a customer bound for an area with lower out-degree centrality compared to in-degree centrality as it might be difficult for the drivers to pick up another customer after dropping off the current customer. Thus, customers may need to wait for a taxi for a longer time. For this reason, improvement in spatial marginalization caused by mismatch of supply and demand is required. Also, the outcome of this study is expected to be utilized as a basic data.

Relationship Identification of Diffusion Effect on High-speed Rail Demand Increase (확산효과를 통한 고속철도의 여객수요 증가현상에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Junghwa;Ryu, Ingon;Choi, Keechoo;Lee, Myunghwan
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.539-546
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    • 2016
  • It is over 12 years since the launch of Korea Train eXpress (KTX) services. Demand for the KTX has been on the increase continuously but few studies have been produced related to this phenomenon. KTX passenger demand has been constantly increasing due to influencing factors such as the expansion of network, rise of oil prices, etc. In this study, our main focus is to verify that there are other types of elements that are causing an increase in KTX demand; our approach looks at changes in social and psychological aspect that have occurred due to the reduction of travel time and cost, as well as the imposition of a five-day workweek. In other words, we considered diffusion theory in the marketing area, which affects product selection and purchasing attitudes, as a key factor that is causing passenger demand to increase. That is to say that it is hypothesized that the demand for travel on the KTX has increased due to the train's utility, which is spread by the diffusion effect Therefore, the Bass diffusion model was applied to explain the dramatic increase in KTX passenger demand. Based on this foundation, it was also discussed how certain marketing strategies that incorporate the diffusion effect should be considered variously for sustainable management of rail transportation, while considering a steady passenger demand.