• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.41-49
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• 2002

This paper describes on the initial procedure of the concept development for marine waste cleaning ships and her fleets. We investigated and analyzed about missions, operating ocean environments; similar cleaning ships, laws and regulations for determining the functional requirements of ships and fleets, and then top-level requirements were drawn out. According to the volume estimation of marine wastes in domestic coastal and shoreline, we made the alternatives, combination of some design factors, for the evaluation of economical efficiency. As a result of this study, we organized the fleets of marine waste cleaning ships adapted to the environments of domestic coastal.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.7 s.93
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• pp.139-148
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• 2006

In order to incorporate substitution effects between different transport modes in optimal road Pricing, relating economic theories and models have been reviewed. It includes unconstrained optimization problem of maximizing separable and non-separable social net benefit functions of different substitutable urban transport modes. In doing that, the problem and limitations such as path-independent conditions with the asymmetric Jacobian of the objective function have been reviewed. Consequently, a plausible way of deriving optimal road price under interdependent market conditions has been suggested so that the idea can help identifying desirable and acceptable urban transport policy alternatives in a more comprehensive way.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.95-107
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• 2002

Congestion and increasing returns to scale in the use of and in the provision of transportation facilities have been biggest challenges to policy makers. In order to counter these problems and thereby to promote economic efficiency, optimal congestion tax and marginal cost pricing are separately and strongly recommended for each case. In this paper, however, we show that they are valid only in Partial equilibrium context in which only the corresponding market is considered. We set up a formal general equilibrium model and prove that the recommended policies are not in general effective. We continue to give particular examples which show the invalidity of each policy and continue to show that in the same examples, there exist better but unconventional policies. Based on these findings we strongly suggest to employ quantify restricting policy measure or to find second-best pricing policies.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.231-235
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• 2001

Gestation duration of cow is an important economical trait. Shortening the gestation duration decreases the production cost and increases the competitiveness of Hanwoo industry. Thus, this study was carried out to analyse the effect of expected factors on gestation duration and make an alternative idea for reduced gestation duration. Gestation duration was not affected by cow-parity, but significantly affected by farm, Al year and sire. Therefore, reducing the gestation duration of Hanwoo may require both providing optimum feeding environment and nutrition management for cow and selecting optimum sire for AI.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.205-212
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• 2002

With the abundance of material goods, modern consumers prefer consumable goods suitable to their tastes. Therefore, since the consumers'emotions cannot be satisfied only by the product's function, quality and price, the technique of developing goods satisfying the need or seed of consumers is required. As a solution, emotional engineering technology is being studied. The goods selected in this study is an aromatic case for car, This is a product which is appeared upon achieving economic abundanoe. It is practical goods for satisfying the requirement of consumers of a 'comfortable'automobile interior environment. Therefore, the emotional image that consumers have of the products is extracted by the emotional engineering method. In turn, the suggestion of a design direction that satisfies the consumers is possible.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.93-110
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• 2022

Korea, a resource-scarce country, has been undergoing export-led economic growth in the form of processing and intermediary trade for the past several decades. In Korea, which has an export-led economic structure centered on processing trade, the export economy precedes the domestic economy, so Korea's monthly export performance has been used as an important indicator of economic indicators in itself. In recent decades, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which account for 99% of the total number of domestic enterprises, account for about 35% of exports as of 2021. In this study, from the viewpoint of emphasizing the export contribution of SMEs, the Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Export Business Index is developed based on the actual export performance of SMEs, through which this paper could present alternative index differentiated from the existing Business Survey Indexes.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.139-161
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• 2016

This study reviewed the perspective of the institutional application and trade finance settlement of Bank Payment Obligation(BPO). The BPO is a payment method based on trade data-matching which can be used for risk mitigation and payment. The BPO offers the institutional advantages such as an automated solution, an assurance of payment, an improved overall efficiency of business, risk mitigation for all parties, trade financing, etc. The BPO will be developed as a new trade payment method that meets the periodic paradigm thanks to many benefits and usefulness. The BPO will greatly improve the efficiency and stability of the trade payment system in that it is operated by a technology-enabled, databased mechanism that can be applied to a variety of trade transactions. So, the BPO is expected to evolve into an alternative instrument of the trade payment system. This paper is based on documentary research focusing on papers, websites of ICC and SWIFT, and international regulation and laws and so on.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2008

With rapid growing of the Northeastern Asia, the interest for the connection of Infrastructure that was behind of interesting until now is getting larger. In a line of same connection, UN-ESCAP are forwarding transcontinental railway project, asian highway project et al.. And this study aimed at analysis on the effect that extended to a space by Korea-Japan undersea tunnel project. In aspect of a national land balanced-development to solve various problems such as overcrowding in capital region, unbalanced state by regions, weak exchange between South and North Korea, and weakness of national land basis to prepare for unification et al., this study consulted the economic potentiality model as a analysis method to examine an effect. In this analysis, I used 24 scenarios including all cases by combination of 3 scenarios for Korea-Japan undersea tunnel, 4 scenarios for transportation modes in the section of undersea tunnel, and 2 scenarios for adjacency infrastructure. Transportation modes in the section of undersea tunnel are railway, car-train, mixing way of railway and car-train, and mixing way of road and railway. Adjacency infrastructure applied railway and road. In all scenarios, Korea showed higher growth potentiality than Japan. Also, proposal plan C route relatively showed better in national land balanced-development than other proposal plans. The growth potentiality relatively appeared higher by buildup of a connection together with non-capital regions from the construction of Korea-Japan undersea tunnel. In aspect of Northeastern Asia, it resulted in a increasing of trade and chance of network formation in the region of Asia through infrastructure connection. But, in considering passenger and various factors that extended to the economic growth, this analysis have some limitation. Therefore, I hope that deep studies will continuously perform with various factors.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.107-144
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• 2012

Recently concerns on the energy future are rising in Korea after nuclear disaster of Fukushima in Japan last year. However, even after Fukushima disaster Korean government keeps on insisting nuclear oriented energy policy. Contrary to it, some of civil society's organizations(CSOs) including environment groups and progressive political parties are making strong voices for phase-out nuclear. As a way of phase-out nuclear activity researcher groups based on CSOs have presented several alternative energy scenarios against the official government scenario so that contest between the two senarios seems not to be avoided. This article aims to analyse the politics of expertise around energy scenarios in Korea by highlighting differences between two scenarios of government and CSOs in terms of epistemological and methodological base, value orientation, institutional foundation, and the socio-political contexts of scenarios. Our research shows that government's energy scenario is based on scientific-positivist epistemology, firm belief in value neutrality and forecasting method, and is built by neo-classical economists at government-sponsored research institutes in accordance with the 'Business As Usual' approach. In contrast, alternative scenarios of CSOs can be said to be based on epistemological constructivism, value oriented attitudes and backcasting method, and be built by collaboration of researchers and activists with different academic and social backgrounds after Fukushima nuclear disaster.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.442-452
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• 2022

Implant-assisted removable partial denture (IAPRD) can be considered as a simple and cost-effective treatment approach for an edentulous patient with anatomical or financial limitations. Recently, it was reported that the application of IARPD with implant supported fixed prostheses covered by the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) were increasing. This case report describes the treatment of maxillary fully edentulous patient with anterior four-implant-supported fixed prosthesis and distal extension IARPD. This treatment approach may be advantageous over maxillary implant overdentures in some circumstances. The patient was satisfied with improved function and esthetics in the anterior area and financial benefit from the NHIS. Further long-term clinical studies are needed to establish clinical validity of the treatment approach described in this case report.