• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.259-266
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• 2008

Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and the metabolic syndrome. Method : We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1204 adults(males: 364 females: 840) in a general hospital health promotion center. They were grouped into the normal and lower BMD group according to bone loss(osteopenia, osteoporosis), as determined by duel energy X-ray absorptiometery(DEXA). We analyzed the association between BMD and metabolic syndrome by multiple logistic regression analysis. After adjustment for age, weight, alcohol intake, smoking, regular exercise, regular intake of meals, and menopausal status, odds ratios for the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome by gender were calculated for lower BMD. Results : After adjustment for the effect of potential covariates, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was associated with bone loss in men(p<0.001). If the odds ratio of normal group is 1.00, then that of the lower BMD group is 3.07(95% CI=1.83-5.16). The prevalence of metabolic alterations fitting the criteria of metabolic syndrome was significantly decreased in High BMI, Low HDL in men and in High BMI in women(p<0.05). Conclusions : This study shows that BMD was associated with metabolic syndrome. Further studies needed to obtain evidence concerning the association between BMD and metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.65-74
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• 2018

This study aimed to analyze convergently the result of the health check-up of the military workers at age of 40, a life transition period in Korea. Data of 4898 military workers who took a health check-up in 2015 was obtained from the national health insurance service and we conducted secondary analysis. As a results, the metabolic syndrome group had a greater current smoking rate, higher number of cigarettes smoked per day, longer period of smoking and higher amount of alcohol consumed. Also, the group scored higher on BMI and had a higher level of total cholesterol, AST, ALT and GGT. In conclusion, as the military workers at age of 40 usually perform important duties, effective programs of reducing smoking and drinking alcohol are needed for their age group, In order to develop health management programs, prior investigation to take into consideration specific age and military rank is necessary.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.99-109
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to offer evidence that supports effective prevention strategies for people with chronic lifestyle related disease and cardiovascular disease based on understanding relations between health related behaviors and risk factors of metabolic syndrome, to suggest a basic indicator that are related to office workers' chronic lifestyle related disease and to provide basic information for educating people who are diagnosed with chronic lifestyle diseas.Research methods include SPSS / Win Program ver 20.0 utilization analyzes were, variables and relationships to analyze it to F-test verification and ANOVA test conduct was, associations verify the order $x^2$(Chi-square) validation was conducted.Participants of this study are office workers who took medical examination covered by employee health insurance athealth screening centers in the city of Seoul. All 291 participants were explained about the purpose of this study and signed consent forms. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome for 291 participants is 19.2 %. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome for a non-smoker group is 12.7 %, for a group of people who used to smoke lightly is 25.0 %, for a group of people who used to smoke heavily is 25.9 %, for light smokers group is 29.7 % and heavy smoker group is 26.7 %. As results of this convergence study exhibits, there is a strong correlation between smoking and drinking habits, and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.373-383
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the BeHaS program on physical factors and self-esteem of the elderly women in a senior center. In this study, the BeHaS program for the elderly who had one or more risk factors for metabolic syndrome was conducted for 8 weeks, once a week, 1.5 hours a day. Data collection was measured 3 times at 8-week intervals. Physical factors were measured 3 times (Pretest1, Pretest2, posttest) and self-esteem were measured 2 times (Pretest2, posttest). Physical factors were analyzed using Repeated Measured ANOVA, and, self-esteem was analyzed using paired t-test. As the result of this study, it was confirmed that the BeHaS program is effective in managing obesity and blood glucose, reducing cholesterol, and improving self-esteem. Therefore, it is suggested that additional research is needed to improve the community health with metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.46-57
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine an appropriate energy level of breakfast with less risk of chronic disease for Korean adults. Methods: Using data from the 2007~2009 Korean National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey, from a total of 12,238 adults aged 19~64, the final 7,769 subjects were analyzed except subjects who were undergoing treatment for cancer or metabolic disorder. According to the percent of breakfast energy intake versus their estimated energy requirement (EER), the subjects were divided into four groups: < 10% (very low, VL), 10~20% (low, L), 20~30% (moderate, M), ${\geq}30%$ (sufficient, S). All data were analyzed on the metabolic risk and nutritional state after application of weighted value and adjustment of sex, age, residential area, income, education, job or jobless, and energy intake using a general linear model or logistic regression. Results: The subjects of group S were 16.9% of total subjects, group M 39.2%, group L 37.6%, and group VL 6.3%. The VL group included more male subjects, younger-aged (19 to 40 years), urban residents, higher income, higher education, and fewer breakfasts eaters together with family members. Among the 4 groups, the VL group showed the highest waist circumference, while the S group showed the lowest waist circumference, body mass index, and serum total cholesterol. The groups of VL and L with lower intake of breakfast energy showed high percent of energy from protein and fat, and low percent of energy from carbohydrate. With the increase of breakfast energy level, intake of energy, most nutrients and food groups increased, and the percentage of subjects consuming nutrients below EAR decreased. The VL group showed relatively higher intake of snacks, sugar, meat and eggs, oil, and seasonings, and the lowest intake of vegetable. Risk of obesity by waist circumference was highest in the VL group by 1.90 times of the S group and the same trend was shown in obesity by BMI. Risk of dyslipidemia by serum total cholesterol was 1.84 times higher in the VL group compared to the S group. Risk of diabetes by Glu-FBS (fasting blood sugar) was 1.57 times higher in the VL group compared to the S group. Conclusion: The results indicate that higher breakfast energy level is positively related to lower metabolic risk and more desirable nutritional state in Korean adults. Therefore, breakfast energy intake more than 30% of their own EER would be highly recommended for Korean adults.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.43-50
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was investigate the association between birth age related health factors and metabolic syndrome in women. The data of 6743 women from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2012-2014 KNHANES) were analyzed. Dependent variable was metabolic syndrom related variables were collected. Menopause status was associated with metabolic syndrome [odds ratio of with post-menopause 1.44(95% CI: 1.09-1.90)]. First birth age was associated with metabolic syndrome [odds ratio of women with 26-30 year : 0.81 (95% CI: 0.68-0.98); odds ratio of women 31 year over: 0.62(95% CI: 0.45-0.87)] after adjusted for age, region, household income, smoking, occupation. In conclusion, the metabolic syndrome is closely related to menopause and first birth age, and will be used as a basic data in developing future educational programs for women.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.259-268
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify effective ways to prevent periodontal disease in adults with risk factors for metabolic syndrome based on health examination examinees of some area. The study participants included 9,902 subjects who had received health checks at the Korea Association of Health Promotion from January 1 to December 31, 2014. All data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square test, logistic regression using IBM SPSS 24.0 Ver. As a result, it was found that regular oral examination (0.579), use of oral products (0.499), and oral health education (0.358) are most likely to affect the incidence of periodontal diseases among those affected by metabolic syndrome. The odds ratio of periodontal disease increased 1.79 times without regular oral examination, 1.61 times without oral products, and 1.43 times without oral health education (p<0.001). In conclusion, the results suggest that people with metabolic syndrome have a high risk of periodontal disease and that regular checkups, use of oral products, and oral health education are very important to prevent periodontal disease.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.420-428
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• 2015

Purpose: Purpose was to explore associations between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome (MS) risks, and to determine factors associated with self-rated health (SRH) of adults with MS compared to other adults. Methods: This is a secondary data analysis based on the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey KNHANES V (N=12662). Study instruments included sleep duration, MS risk factors, SRH and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Results: Mean age of participants was $43.68{\pm}12.26years$. Fifty-eight percent were women, and 18.3% were identified as having MS. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and SRH were significantly different according to sleep duration (p <.05) among all participants. In the non MS group, male gender, younger age (19~30 and 41~50 age brackets) upper income level, sufficient sleep duration, and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were positively associated with SRH, whereas, lower education levels (${\leq}$ middle school), glucose level, and waist circumference were negatively associated with SRH (p <.05). In the MS group, lower income, lower education levels (${\leq}$ middle school), glucose level, and waist circumference were negatively associated with SRH, whereas, having an occupation was positively associated with SRH (p <.05). Conclusion: Results suggest that tailored approaches are required for prevention and control of MS and sleep duration of each individual should be considered rather than applying standardized guidelines. However, as sleep quality was not included in the analysis, further investigations regarding influence of sleep quality on MS and SRH and controlling for other lifestyle and health behavior factors are required.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.165-174
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the association metabolic syndrome with sarcopenia in Korean stroke patients. We used the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2008 to 2011 and enrolled a total of 316 stroke patients older than 40 years. Data were analyzed by Rao-Scott ${\chi}^2-test$, generalized linear model and composite sample multiple logistic regression. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 47.3% in men and 46.3% in women. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 50.3% in men and 73.6% in women. After adjusting for age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, exercise, education, income, sroke sequla and stroke duration, men with sarcopenia had increased risk of metabolic syndrome (95% CI: 2.454-18.482, p<.001). This finding can be used to develop evidence-based health promotion program to prevent stroke reccurance for stroke patients.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.280-290
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• 2007

Purpose: Gender differences in personality are considered to have biological bases. In an attempt to understand the gender differences of personality on neurobiological bases, we conducted correlation analyses between regional brain glucose metabolism and temperament factors of personality in males and females. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six healthy right-handed volunteers (18 males, 33.8$\pm$17.6 y; 18 females, 36.2$\pm$20.4 y) underwent FDG PET at resting state. Three temperament factors of personality (novelty seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA), reward dependence (RD)) were assessed using Cloninger's 240-item Temperament and Character Inventory (TCD within 10 days of FOG PET scan. Correlation between regional glucose metabolism and each temperament factor was tested using SPM2. Results: In males, a significant negative correlation between NS score and glucose metabolism was observed in the bilateral superior temporal gyri, the hippocampus and the insula, while it was found in the bilateral middle frontal gyri, the right superior temporal gyrus and the left cingulate cortex and the putamen in females. A positive HA correlation was found in the right midbrain and the left cingulate gyrus in males, but in the bilateral basal ganglia in females. A negative RD correlation was observed in the right middle frontal and the left middle temporal gyri in males, while the correlation was found in the bilateral middle frontal gyri and the right basal ganglia and the superior temporal gyrus in females. Conclusion: These data demonstrate different cortical and subcortical metabolic correlates of temperament factors of personality between males and females. These results may help understand biological substrate of gender differences in personality and susceptibility to neuropsychiatric illnesses.