• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.496-498
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• 2002

한국어 대화에서는 상황에 따라 주어나 목적어가 대화 속의 발화문에서 완전히 생략되기도 하고, 존대현상이 일어나기도 하고, 존대대명사가 사용되기도 한다 본 논문은 이러한 특징적인 언어현상이 일어나는 한국어 대화를 처리하고 그것의 표상구조를 만들기 위해서는 대화참석자에 관한 정보, 발화문의 화형에 관한 정보, 대화에 관련된 사람들의 사회적 지위에 있어서의 상대적 순위에 관한 정보, 대화에 나타나는 발화문 사이의 정보흐름에 관한 정보 등을 명시적으로 표시하고 이용하여야 한다고 주장하며, 또한 이러한 상황정보를 한국어대화표상구조에 구현하는 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 한국어대화표상구조의 구축은 담화표상이론(Discourse Representation Theory)과 분할담화표상이론(Segmented Discourse Representation Theory)을 수정, 확대하여 이루어진다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.9B no.6
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• pp.817-826
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• 2002

In Korean dialogue honorification phenomenon may occur, an honorific pronoun may be used, and a subject or an object may be completely omitted when it can be recovered based on context. This paper proposes that in order to process Korean dialogue in which such distinct linguistic phenomena occur and to construct its representation structure we mark and use the following information explicitly, not implicitly : information about dialogue participants, information about the speech act of an utterance, information about the relative order of social status for the people involved in dialogue, and information flow among utterances of dialogue. In addition, this paper presents a method of marking and using such situational information and an appropriate representation structure of Korean dialogue. In this paper we set up Korean dialogue representation structure by modifying and extending DRT (Discourse Representation Theory) and SDRT (Segmented Discourse Representation Theory). Futhermore, this paper shows how to process Korean dialogue computationally and construct its representation structure by using Prolog programming language, and then applies such representation structure to spontaneous Korean dialogue to know its validity.

• Language and Information
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-40
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• 2002

This paper explores Discourse Rep-resentation Structures which can successfully describe the mental representations that discourse participants form when they hear so-called double access sentences. The syntactic, semantic and pragmatic characteristics of double access sentences are discussed. The analysis proposed in this paper, employing a modified version of the 'conditional beliefs' of Chung(1997), successfully explains the semantic and pragmatic characteristics of present or future tense in double access sentences as well as when and why the speaker should take or can be exempted from the responsibility for using present or future tense in double access sentences.

• Language and Information
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-25
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• 2004

This paper examines two different approaches to resolving a theoretical problem which the bottom-up approach version of Discourse Representation Theory of Kamp et al. (2003) faces in dealing with anaphoric relations between pronouns and their potential antecedents in conditional sentences where consequent clauses precede their corresponding conditional clauses. In one of the approaches, every element is processed in the order of occurrence and conditional operators in a non-sentence-initial position cause the ongoing DR to split in two with the same index. The definition of accessibility is accordingly modified so that the right DR can be accessible from the left DR. In the other approach, a different type of discourse representation structure, K ${\Leftarrow}$ K, is introduced, which allows us to resolve the target problem without modifying accessibility proposed in Kamp et al. (2003). Compatibility of these two approaches with the bottom-up version of DRT is evaluated by examining their applicability to the analysis of quantified sentences where pronominal expressions precede generalized quantifiers.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.9
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• pp.109-128
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• 2004

Bei den vorigen Untersuchungen von VP-Ellipsen handelte es sich urn Auxiliarverben, die im elliptischen Satz auftreten und auf die Wiederherstellung der elliptischen VP bezogen sind. Im Unterschied dazu, geht es bei der vorliegenden Arbeit urn die Partikel auch, die in den VP-Ellipsenkonstruktionen auftritt. Zuerst spielt die Partikel auch als ein Fokusoperator eine Rolle, d.h. sie identifiziert das Subjekt des elliptischen zweiten Satzes als eine Fokuskonstituente und addiert die Fokusbedeutung der Fokuskonstituente. Zweitens spielt die Partikel auch als ein $Pr\"{a}suppositionsausl\"{o}ser$ eine Rolle. Hierbei behauptete ich, dass sie eine einfachere Proposition 'Jemand anders als das Subjekt des elliptischen zweiten Satzes existiert.' als in den vorigen Untersuchungen $pr\"{a}supponiert$. Aufgrund von oben genannten Beobachtungen $repr\"{a}sentierte$ ich im Rahmen von $Diskursrepr\"{a}sentationstheorie$ die Bedeutung der VP-Ellipsenkonstruktionen. Insbesondere, indem ich nach Kamp et al. (2003) zweistufige Prozedure von DRS-Konstruktionen annehme, konnte ich einzelne Bedeutungen der Partikel auch erfassen und beschreiben.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.103-118
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• 2006

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of discourse topic and morpho-syntactic verbal information on the resolution of null pronouns in the Korean narrative text within the framework of the construction-integration theory (Kintsch, 1988, Singer & Kintsch, 2001, Graesser, Gernsbacher, & Goldman. 2003). For the purpose of this paper, two conditions were designed: an explicit condition with both a consistently maintained discourse topic and the person-specific verb modals on one hand, and a neutral condition with no discourse topic or morpho-syntactic information provided, on the other. We measured the reading tines far the target sentence containing a null pronoun and the question response times for finding an antecedent, and the accuracy rates for finding an antecedent. During the experiments each passage was presented at a tine on a computer-controlled display. Each new sentence was presented on the screen at the moment the participant pressed the button on the computer keyboard. Main findings indicate that processing is facilitated by macro-structure (topicality) in conjunction with micro-structure (morpho-syntax) in pronoun interpretation. It is speculated that global processing alone may not be able to determine which potential antecedent is to be focused unless aided by lexical information. It is argued that the results largely support the resonance-based model, but not the minimalist hypothesis.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.105-117
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore changes in elementary teachers' modeling pPCK (personal PCK) resulting from knowledge exchange within the realms of PCK described in the Refined Consensus Model (hereafter RCM). For this purpose, a professional learning community (hereafter PLC) was established for three elementary school teachers to facilitate knowledge exchange specifically focused on science modeling instructions. The study then analyzed the CoRe (content representations) written by the research participants twice to explore any changes in modeling pPCK (personal PCK). In addition, the discourse shared by the participants in the PLC and the data from the in-depth interviews were also analyzed using grounded theory research methods. The results of the study showed that there was no significant change in knowledge of the science curriculum in elementary teachers' modeling pPCK, but there were changes in orientations toward teaching science, knowledge of students' understanding in science, knowledge of instructional strategies and representations, and knowledge of assessment of science learning. Furthermore, the analysis of PLC discourse and in-depth interviews showed that modeling instructions reflection (ePCK; enacted PCK) and educational research-based modeling cPCK (collective PCK) influenced these changes in teachers' modeling pPCK. Accordingly, this study suggests recommendations for pedagogical approaches aimed at improving teachers' modeling PCK.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.119-128
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• 2006

The scale of visual expression has expanded from freeze frame to motion picture as media have developed. Moving pictures such as animation, movies, TV CM and GUI become formative elements whose movement is necessary compared to freeze frame as apparent movement phenomenon and unit structure such as short and scene appear. Therefore, of formative elements such as a shape, color, space, size and movement, movement is importantly distinguished in the moving image. The expression and form of image as a relationship between the signified and signifier explained by Saussure are accepted as a sign by mutual complement even though they limit the content. This makes it possible to infer that the formal feature of movement participates in the message content. To verify this, the result of moving picture visual perception experiment based on the gestalt grouping principle result shows that 70-80 percent of subjects think that 'movement' is the important grouping clue in perception. Movement affects the maintenance of the context of message content in the communication process when the meaning structure of moving picture is analyzed based on the structural feature. The identity can be maintained with if there is a movement with similar directive point even if the color and shape of people, things and background are changed. Second, the clarity of the content is elevated by a distinguished object as a figure by movement. Third, it acts as a knowledge representation which can predict similar movement process of next information processing. Forth, movement gives the content consistency even though more than two scenes have fast switch and complicated editing structure like cross-cutting. Movement becomes a clue which can make grouping information input by visual perception reaction. Also, it gives the order to the visual expression which can be used improperly by formation of structural frame of image message and has the effectiveness which elevates the clarity of signification. Moving picture has discourse with several mixed unit structures because it fundamentally contains time and the common and distinguished expression is needed by media-mix circumstances. Therefore, by the application of gestalt grouping principle to moving picture field, movement becomes the more distinguished than other formative elements and affects the formation of meaning structure. This study propose a viewpoint that develops structural formative beauty and new image expression in the media image field.