• Title/Summary/Keyword: 담수직파

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Lodging and Yield of Direct Surface Seeded Rice as Influenced by N Levels, PP333 Treatments, and Seeding Rates (질소 수준, PP333처리 및 파종량이 담수표면 직파재배벼의 도복과 수량에 미치는 영향)

  • 김학진;임준택;권병선
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 1992
  • To establish the method of direct seeding cultivation in rice (Oryza sativa L.), direct surface seeding with treatments of N application rate, application of growth regulator(PP333), and seeding rate were conducted from May to Oct., 1989 at the experimental field of Sunchon National University. There were no significant differences among treatment means of N application rates, and seeding rates, which seemed to be due to severe occurrence of field lodging. Application of PP333 reduced culm length by 3-4m, but it did not affect the occurrence of lodging. The optimal seeding rate to maximize the number of spikelets per unit area was estimated to be 6kg seed /10a. To obtain stable yield in cultivation of direct surface seeded rice in submerged paddy field, it was necessary to reduce occurrence of field lodging through breeding of lodging resistance genotypes rather than cultural practices.

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Arthropod Community in Small Rice Field associated with Different Planting Methods in Suwon and Incheon (파종방법을 달리한 수원 및 이천 지역 소규모 수도포장에서의 절지동물 군집)

  • 이준호;김광호;임언택
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.55-66
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    • 1997
  • This study was conducted to analyze arthropod community patterns in small rice fields associated with different planting methods (water seeding, drill seeding, and hansplanting) in Suwon and Icheon in 1994. Total 15 orders and 45 families of arthropods were collected. The arthropod community was analyzed using guild categories. The arthropods were found in the order of 'natural enemy>pest(phytophage)>non-pest' in their densities in all sites. The pest (phytophage) species were mainly Homoptera and dominated by Delphacidae (Nilaparvata lugens Stsl, Sogatella fircifera Horvath and Laodelphax striatellus Fallen) and Cicadelidae (Nephotettir cincticeps Uhler). They constituted >80% of pest abundance. Differences in pest abundance were not found among rice fields associated with different planting methods. Spiders were the most dominant group in the natural enemy and constituted >90% of natural enemy abundance. Hunting spiders constituted >SO% of spider abundance and were dominated by Pirata subpiraticus Bos. et Str. (Lycosidae). Pacliygnatha clerki Sundevall (Tetragnathidae) was a dominant species in webbing spiders. No differences were found in species richness and diversity in spider community among rice fields associated with different planting methods. The nonpest species were mainly Diptera and occurred abundantly in early growing season and decreased drastically as rice development proceeded. The non-pest abundance was higher in direct seeding sites than in transplanting site, and especially abundant in a drill seeding site.

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Comparison of Rice Growth and Yield in Different Direct Seeding Methods (벼 직파 유형별 생육 및 수량 비교 연구)

  • Park, K.H.;Park, S.T.
    • Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.119-128
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    • 2017
  • The field trial was performed to evaluate the rice growth and yield in different direct seeding methods. The required time for seed emergence was for 8~ 9days in the tested direct seeding methods and there was high in seedling establishment according to wet hill-seeding with iron-coated seeds> wet hill-seeding with soil coverage>water seeding with iron-coated seeds and water seeding with pregerminated seeds as the conventional treatment. The rice plant height was taller in wet hill-seeding methods than that of water seeding with broadcasting method but there was not significant difference in terms of statistical analysis at 75day after seeding except the water seeding with pregerminated seeds. The growth of tiller number in the rice plant was highest in water seeding with iron-coated seeds. The milled rice yield was highest in water seeding with iron-coated seed being with 6.4t/ha and percentage of head rice was the highest in wet hill-seeding and water seeding with iron-coated seeds.

Effects of IAA Seed Pretreatment on Reduction of CNP and Butachlor Injury to Rice (IAA의 종자침지처리(種子浸漬處理)가 CNP와 Butachlor에 의한 수도약해(水稻藥害)의 경감(輕減)에 미치는 영향)

  • Pyon, J.Y.;Kwon, Y.W.;Lee, E.W.
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.141-145
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    • 1982
  • In order to determine the possibility of reducing rice injury caused by CNP and butachlor application, the effects of IAA seed presoaking on CNP and butachlor action against early growth of rice seedlings were investigated under flooded direct-seeding and dry-seeded conditions. CNP and butachlor injury to rice was reduced by soaking rice seeds at 0.1, 1.0 and 10ppm of IAA solution for 36 hours before seeding under flooded condition and thus shoot length and dry weight of rice seedlings increased compared with those of IAA untreated seedlings. IAA seed pretreatment also overcame the inhibitory effect of CNP and butachlor under dry-seeded condition. Effect on reducing rice injury by IAA pretreatment was more remarkable when CNP applied under dry seeded condition and butachlor under flooded condition.

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Weed Control and Safety of Transgenic Rice Event, CPPO06 in Direct-Seeding Flooded Rice Field (담수직파에서 형질전환 CPPO06이벤트 벼의 안전성 및 잡초방제효과)

  • Won, Ok Jae;Park, Su Hyuk;Eom, Min Yong;Kim, Chang-Gi;Lee, Bum Kyu;Kang, Hong-Gyu;Lee, Jeung Ju;Park, Kee Woong
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.44-48
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    • 2015
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of weed control and phytotoxicity of oxyfluorfen using a transgenic rice line (CPPO06 event) resistant to protoporphyrinogen oxidase (Protox) inhibiting herbicides in the direct-seeding flooded rice. Five annual weeds including Echinochloa oryzoides and two perennial weeds were occurred in the test field. Oxyfluorfen at 120 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$ in the application timing of two days before sowing and 0 and five days after sowing showed more than 90% weed control value except for Juglans mandshurica. Total weed control value was more than 95% in any application timing indicating a highly effective herbicide in the direct-seeding flooded rice. When compared with untreated control, no visual injuries were detected at single and double dosage of oxyfluorfen. The agronomic characteristics and yield components of CPPO06 event was reasonable in any time of application in this study. Based on these data, oxyfluorfen application before and after sowing can be applied to provide effective weed management in the direct-seeding flooded field.

Effect of Rice Cultural Patterns on Methane Emission from a Korean Paddy Soil (벼 재배양식(栽培樣式)이 메탄가스 배출에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Lee, Kyeong-Bo;Lee, Deog-Bae;Kim, Jong-Gu;Kim, Yong-Woong
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.35-40
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    • 1997
  • This study was conducted to investigate methane emission under different rice cultural practices in paddy soil (Jeonbug Series, occurring on fluvio-alluvial plain). The rates of application of fresh rice straw were 5,000kg/ha in combination with 110 and 160kg N/ha as chemical fertilizer. The methane emission among the rice cultural practices was in the order of transplanting cultivation, direct seeding on flooded surface and direct seeding on dry paddy field. The average methane flux was $10.27mg/m^2/h$ in direct, seeding on dry paddy field and $24.1mg/m^2/h$ in transplanting cultivation. The diurnal variation of methane emission at heading stage was high from 9 a.m. till 7 p.m. and the methane emission rate was highly correlated with air temperature fluctuation and soil Eh. The seasonal change of methane flux was high from ear formation stage to heading stage.

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Seedling Emergence and Initial Growth between Water and Dry Seeding in Forage Millet (사료용 피의 건답과 무논 파종 시 입모 및 초기생육특성)

  • Ahn, Seok-Hyeon;Chung, Nam-Jin
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.59 no.1
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    • pp.83-88
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    • 2014
  • This research was carried out to determine the characteristics of germination in relation to temperature, and seedling emergence and growth affected by soil moisture in forage millet. The seeds of forage millet could germinate at more than $15^{\circ}C$ at the rate of 0, 90.5, 97.3 and 96.8% respectively 10 days after seeding at 10, 15, 20 and $25^{\circ}C$. The result showed that the temperature needs to be $15^{\circ}C$ or more for the seeds to germinate. The effects of seeding depth on the growth characteristics and emergence of millet seed were investigated in waters and direct seeding methods by thoroughly mixing the seed and soil. In water treatment, the emergence rates were 3.7% at $15^{\circ}C$, 7.6% at $20^{\circ}C$, 6.3% at $25^{\circ}C$, while direct seeding treatment showed the emergence rates of 65.6, 75 and 71% at 15, 20 and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively. At 15, 20, and $25^{\circ}C$, seeds in water seeding could germinate at 0.5, 1.8, 1.5 cm of soil depth, while in direct seeding, they could germinate at the depth of 9.5, 10.0, 9.9 cm. When the initial growth characteristics of the seeds were investigated, there was positive correlation between seeding depth and mesocotyl length in both water and direct seed methods. Growth and development in terms of leaf age, root length, coleoptiles and mesocotyl length, and plant height were found maximum at 0.5 cm soil depth for water seeding, and 3-5 cm soil depth for direct seeding. Results showed that there were close relationship among temperature, soil depth and moisture acquiring methods, and the combination of these factors greatly affected the initial growth characteristics and development of millet seeds. It can be concluded that, to get good seedling stand and germination of millet seed, millet should grown in field condition at the depth of 0.5 cm or less for water seeding, and 3-5 cm for direct seeding method.

A New Medium-late Maturity Rice Cultivar, "Dongjin2" with Direct Seeding Adaptability and Multiple Disease Resistances (벼 중만생 복합내병 직파적응성 "동진2호")

  • Kim, Bo Kyeong;Ko, Jong Cheol;Baek, Man Kee;Nam, Jeong Kwon;Ha, Ki Yong;Kim, Ki Young;Lee, Jae Kil;Ko, Jae Kwon;Baek, So Hyeon;Kim, Chung Kon
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.40 no.3
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    • pp.295-298
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    • 2008
  • "Dongjin2" is a new japonica rice cultivar developed from the cross between Milyang165 with short culm and lodging resistance and $F_1$ plant of Iksan438, HR14018-B-1-1 and Iksan435 with high palatability at Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI), NICS, RDA in 2005. This cultivar has short grain shape and about 143 days growth duration from direct seeding to harvesting under Korean climate condition. The milled kernels of "Dongjin2" is translucent with non-glutinous endosperm. It has about 19.3% of amylose content and better palatability of cooked rice compared with "Nampyeongbyeo". This cultivar shows high resistance reaction to the bacterial blight pathogene race from $K_1$ to $K_3$, blast and stripe virus but susceptible to insect pests. "Dongjin2" yields about 5.71 and 5.74 MT/ha under the wet direct seeding and the transplanting at standard fertilizer level. "Dongjin2" would be adaptable for the southern plain area of Korea.

Biological Control of Seed and Seedling Rot Caused by Pythium arrhenomanes in Water-Seeded Rice (벼 담수직파재배에서 Pythium arrhenomanes에 의한 벼모썩음병의 생물학적 방제)

  • ;R. W. Schneider
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.407-414
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    • 1996
  • 벼 담수직파재배에서 Pythium arrhenomanes 1398에 의한 벼목썩음병의 발병 억제효과가 높은 biological control agent를 배지와 growth chamber 검정을 통하여 선발하고 생물학적 방제 효과를 온실에서 검정한 결과 공시한 66 세균 중 91-110 균주에 의해서만 벼모썩음병의 발병이 억제되었다. CMA 배지 검정에서는 P. arrhenomanes 1398 균주만을 접종한 볍씨는 100% 발병율을 보인 반면 91-110 균주와 P. arrhenomanes 1398 균주를 함께 처리한 경우에는 25.0%가 발병되었으며, 이 효과는 metalaxyl을 처리한 볍씨에서의 21.7% 발병율과 유사하였다. Growth chamber 검정에서는 P. arrhenomanes 1398 균주만을 접종한 볍씨는 27.7% 모 출아율을 보인 반면 91-110 균주와 함께 처리하면 59.1%가 출아되었다. 그러나 91-110 균주에 의한 발병 억제효과는 50% household bleach로 표면 소독한 볍씨에서만 인정되었으며, 이 소독한 볍씨를 91-110 균주의 세균 부유액에 침지하여 3시간 진탕한 후 그 부유액을 따라내고 24시간 배양한 것이 진탕하지 않고 배양한 것에 비하여 모출아율이 54.3%에서 65.7%로 증가되었다. 91-110 균주와 P. arrhenomanes 1398 균주를 함께 처리한 볍씨의 출아율은 62.3%로서 P. arrhenomanes 1398 균주만을 접종한것의 30.8%에 비하여 높았다. 이상과 같이 담수직파한 벼모썩음병의 발병 억제효과가 높은 91-110 균주는 Bacillus brevis로 동정되었다.

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Weed Occurrence and Yield Loss due to Weeds in Different Direct - Seeded Rice Paddy Fields (벼 직파재배(直播栽培) 유형(類型)에 따른 잡초발생(雜草發生) 및 벼의 수량(收量)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Kim, H.H.;Pyon, J.Y.
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.12-19
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    • 1998
  • The pattern of rice cultivation in Korea is changing from hand transplanting and machine transplanting into direct-seeding for low input and cost-down practices. However, there are still some obstacles to establish the direct-seeding cultural practices because of poor seedling stand, lodging, and weed infestation. In particular, there were much more and wide weed occurrence in direct-seeding rice as compared with the transplanted rice. Weed occurrence in terms of dry weight of weeds was highest in dry direct-seeded rice followed by sowing an puddled soil, sowing on submerged soil in order as compared with transplanting with infant rice seedling. Echinochloa crux-galli was a common dominant weed with 35~44% distribution in any direct-seeding methods. The dominant weed species were E. crux-galli, Cyperus difformis, C. serotinus, and Ludwigia prostrata in dry-seeded rice. The dominant weed species in water-seeded rice were E. crus-galli, Eleocharis kuroguwai, Scirpus juncoides, and Monochoria vaginalis. Yield loss of rice due to weeds at weedy condition was 96% in dry direct-seeded rice. In water-seeded rice, yield loss was 61%, whereas yield loss was 40% in machine transplanting with infant rice seedling.

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