• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.41-48
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• 2009

This study investigated the characteristics of spatial expansion/centralization and the spatial structural change of urban. The data used in analysis were urban population, employment, building floor area, and land price. The analysis was performed for the data of 1995, 2000, and 2005 during 10 years after 1995. The method of research was as follows; The movement of mean center and standard distance/standard deviation ellipse was estimated to investigate the urban growth change. The result of Moran's I analysis showed a clustered pattern, not a dispersed pattern, however; the effect was not significant. The town area requires the well-ordered urban planning such as land use. The contours map demonstrates that a monopole structure was generally transformed into a multicentralization structure. The development of mutural connection axis among central street roads was fragile.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.367-381
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the change in the distribution and hierarchical structure of commercial land use. Tools for analyzing the spatial structure are index of concentration, coefficient of localization and location quotient. This research is applied to Daegu, focusing on the period 1985-2003. During the 1985-2003 period, the growth rate of commercial land use volume amounted to 330%, compared with a population growth rate of 118%. The biggest component of commercial land use is the retail sector. As the lodging, medical, transportation-warehouse and entertainment sectors have the propensity for concentration and comprise the specialized commercial areas in the suburbs, the other sectors arc evenly distributed. Jung-gu has functioned as a downtown core in the hierarchical structure of commercial areas. So, in the structure of commercial land use, Daegu has continued to be a single nuclear structure. But, Dongdaegu Station influence area has evolved into the second order center since 2000. This is the sign of change in spatial structure from single-nuclear pattern to multi nuclear pattern.

• Korea Real Estate Review
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.51-70
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• 2017

This study aimed to measure street centralities with the street width, and to analyze their effects on the residential and non-residential land prices in Seoul, South Korea. Most of the studies on urban economics and policy focusing on the urban spatial structure have evolved in terms of their perspective from monocentric to polycentric models. Recently, their themes shifted to measuring street centralities and capturing their effects on urban phenomena. To expand the existing studies and discussion, this study analyzed the street centralities with the street width, and how they changed the land prices. Multilevel regression models generated a few key findings relevant to the relationship between street centralities and land prices. While a higher detour volume and closeness to wider streets commanded premium residential land prices, higher visibility and detour volume to wider streets were associated with higher non-residential land prices. These findings suggest a robust connection between street configuration and near-land prices. Thus, the results of this study suggest a few insightful policy implications for urban planners, urban designers, real estate developers, and appraisers.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.77-100
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• 2022

In the era of low growth, many provincial cities are experiencing population decline and aging. Population decline phenomena such as reduction of productive manpower, reduction of finances, deterioration of quality of life, and collapse of the community base are occurring in a chain and are being pushed to the brink of extinction of the cities. This study aims to propose a methodology to objectively estimate the employment creation centers and setting the basic unit of industrial-centered zoning by applying spatial statistical techniques and GIS for the application of the compact city plan as an efficient spatial management policy in a city with a declining population. In details, based on reviewing previous studies on compact city, 'employment complex index(ECI)' were defined considering the number of workers, the number of settlers, and the area of development land, the employment creation center was estimated by applying the 'Local Moran's I' and 'Getis-Ord's Hot-Spot Analysis'. As a case study, changes in the four years of 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019 were compared and analyzed for Changwon City. As a result, it was confirmed that the employment creation center is becoming compacted and polycentric, which is a significant result that reflects the actual situation well. This results provide the basic data for functional and institutional territorial governance for the regional revitalization platform, and provide meaningful information necessary for spatial policy decision-making, such as population reduction, regional gross domestic product, and public facility arrangement that can respond to energy savings, transportation plans, and medical and health plans.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 2002

In late 1980s, many suburban cities in Tokyo metropolitan area have tried to construct office parks, such as Makuhari New Town, Minato Mirai 21 to promote knowledge based economy. As the most important player of this mesa project, the local government mobilized local resources from various private sectors. The local government adopted place marketing strategy to attract companies and consumers with thick pocket. The composition of this strategy embraces publicity, uniqueness, centrality of function and information and comfortability for formation of the office park. Headquarters and producer service offices were relocated in the suburban office parks for the first time in the history of modem Tokyo since 1920s. Although it is the ongoing project that encounters some financial difficulties, the office park Project will be a sound foundation for future growth of knowledge-based economy.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.252-266
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• 2004

This study analyzes the influence of the construction of a high-speed railroad on territorial organization in France. After development of a new transportation network, the French territorial organization has been largely modified. Many economic urban areas are modified by their position in the territorial hierarchy according to their condition of connection with the TGV network. At first, spatial convergence is the most important effect of the TGV network construction. Second, the development of a transportation network concentrated in the Paris area has influence as an intensified factor on metropolitan areas and as a weakening factor on middle- and small-sized cities. Thus, this system has risk in increasing territorial imbalance in France. Third, to implant an economic activity zone around new TGV stations, a new town or a new economic center starts to develop. This is going to grow into a second core outside of the old city center so that regional spatial organization is transformed from a mono-polarized(mono-centric) organization to a multi-polarized(polycentric) one. Lastly, the integration of the EU railroad system enhances the concentration of economic activity in European metropolitan areas as each metropolitan area tries to develop more competitive space for its rising position in the global urban hierarchical system.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.65-80
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• 1995

GIS has been developed very rapidly during last few decades and the performance of GIS in terms of information processing such as automated mapping and facility management has been tremendous. However, its analytical capability is still very limited and it is often critisized due to lack of reality. The objective of this research is that first, linking housevalue models to GIS, second, reflecting the complexity of real world into the housevalue model using GIS in terms of incorpor¬rating polycentric urban structure and calculating distance through street network, and third, comparing the results of housevalue model at census tract to that of block group level.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.251-259
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• 2016

As the spatial structure of a region is evolving into a decentralized multi-nucli model, networked connection among cities in a region is emerging as an important issue to strengthen regional competitiveness. This paper focused on the limitation of current new town planning criteria which just suggest a uniform standard for economic self-sufficiency by new-town size, without representing the network characteristics of new town. If a new town is planned as a economic strongpoint within a region, it needs to secure appropriate industrial functions. This study classified the characteristics of new towns by network analysis and reviewed the economic self-sufficiency criteria by new town types. Using various network connectedness indices, the 1st and 2nd round new towns in the capital region were analyzed, and land-use distribution of new-towns in other countries were also examined comparatively. The network characteristics of new towns are classified as three types: mono-nucleus, distributed center, and dependent. Based on this classification, planning criteria for self-sufficiency were compared among 6 new towns. This study provides implications for the amendment of "the sustainable new town planning criteria" or the revision of development plans.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.562-584
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• 2004

This paper intends to identify the structure of homogeneous regions and functional regions in Seoul based on B.J.L. Berry's ‘general field theory of spatial behavior’. The structure of homogeneous regions by using socio-economic variables can explain how the structural elements of the city are arranged. It can be ssid that Seoul has shifted towards more complicated and differentiated features in terms of homogeneous regions. The different patterns are found between the northern part to Han River where old torn areas are located and the southern part to Han River where newly urbanized areas are located. Usually, the concentric pattern and the sectoral pattern coexist, which is enhanced moving from CBD to the outskirt area. The distribution of different social classes shows irregular pattern similar to the variation of living environment. The social gap is expected to be more widening between new towns and old towns. The analysis of spatial movement pattern shows no clear hierarchical order because of current shifts towards both multi-nuclear pattern and spatial dispersion. The functional regions show duplicated structure overlapping their boundaries each other. The ‘general field theory of spatial behavior’ strongly suggests that spatial interactions among sub-areas in the city are differentiated from the basic characteristics and function of each sub-area. The attributes of homogeneous regions and functional regions are interrelated in the characteristics of isomorphic nature.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.11-26
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• 2021

With the increasing demand for office space, there have been questions on how office rent distribution produces a change in the urban spatial structure in Seoul. The purpose of this paper is to investigate a relative price gradient and to present a time-series model that can quantitatively explain the dynamic changes in the urban spatial structure. The analysis was dealt with office rent above 3,306 m² for the past 10 years from 1Q 2010 to 4Q 2019 within Seoul. A modified repeat sales model was employed. The main findings are briefly summarized as follows. First, according to the estimates of the office price gradient in the three major urban centers of Seoul, the CBD remained at a certain level with little change, while those in the GBD and the YBD continued to increase. This result reveals that the urban form of Seoul has shifted from monocentric to polycentric. This shows that the spatial distribution of companies has gradually accelerated decentralized concentration implying that the business networks have become significant. Second, contrary to small and medium-sized office buildings that have undertaken no change in the gradient, large office buildings have seen an increase in the gradient. The relative price gradients in small and medium-sized buildings were inversely proportional among the CBD, the GBD, and the YBD, implying their heterogeneous submarkets by office rent movements. Presumably, those differences in the submarkets were attributed to investment attraction, industrial competition, and the credit and preference of tenants. The findings are consistent with the hierarchical system identified in the Seoul 2030 Plan as well as the literature about Seoul's urban form. This research claims that the proposed method, based on the modified repeat sales model, is useful in understanding temporal dynamic changes. Moreover, the findings can provide implications for urban growth strategies under rapidly changing market conditions.