• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.269-274
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• 2018

This study was done to identify the effects of the hand washing procedure poster on the hand washing behaviors after Mers outbreak. Method: This study was conducted by observing a total of 370 people(185 people in no- poster zone, 185 people in poster zone) who used the public restroom. Results: As a result of comparing the hand washing with and without the poster, the subjects who washed their hands with the poster around were 83.2%, which was higher than the 47% of the subjects without the poster. The Time spent on the hand washing was similar between the groups with or without the poster around. Also only 3.3% of the subjects actually completed the entire 6 procedures of hand washing. The subjects who finished more than 4 procedures out of 6 were 17% from the group with the poster around, and 10.3% from the group without. Conclusion: The hand washing poster was effective in encouraging the behavior itself, but not specifically in the right way during the ideal time nor the right procedures. Therefore, verbal instructions made every time washing hands or more visual effective posters are required to enhance the hand washing procedures.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.595-615
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• 2015

This study aims to develop well-being enhancement program for the female elderly living alone, and examine its effects. The program was structured by exploring the meaning of life and happiness with focused on self-disclosure, dealing with regret and resentment, forgiveness, gratitude, and resilience. At first, pilot program was applied to 6 female elderly living alone for predicting the effects and modified the program. For verification of the program effect, 11 female elderly living alone were assigned to developed well-being enhancement program, also 11 female elderly living alone were assigned to comparison group who participate in activity-focused program, and 12 female elderly living alone were assigned to control group. Results indicated that regret for interpersonal relations and resentment of the female elderly living alone who participate in well-being enhancement program were reduced after participating the program, while their self-disclosure increased. The female elderly living alone who participate in well-being enhancement program showed lowered level of anxiety, loneliness, and awareness of aging, which were factors of well-bing in senescence. Moreover, their level of negative emotion was decreased, and life satisfaction, positive emotion, and happiness were increased after participating the program. But, all of those enhancement were not found in control group as well as comparison group. These results suggest that well-being enhancement program for the female elderly living alone developed in this study could be utilized in various settings.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.5875-5881
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• 2012

Research objectives: This research is focused on the multicultural families based on the existing studies. The problems that the women of the multicultural families experience in this society were studied, in relation to the adaptability to Korea by identifying the elements related to the use of and satisfaction level towards medical institutions. As such, this research is expected to be used as a data that can help to provide quality medical service to the women of the multicultural families. Research method: 188 women of the multicultural families were targeted to carry out research by conducting interview and by leveraging translated survey questionnaire. Then, SPSS 18.0 program was used to conduct statistical analysis. As for the analysis methods, frequency analysis, technical statistics, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis method were used. The results of the research were as follows. First, for the satisfaction level towards medical institutions for each class following each nation, Vietnam manifested highest satisfaction level when it comes to the public sanitation clinic, followed by the Philippines and China in the order listed. Meanwhile, Japan manifested the lowest satisfaction level. In case of the Asian medicine hospital, Japan manifested the highest satisfaction level contrary to the public sanitation clinic, followed by Philippines and China in the order listed. Meanwhile, Vietnam manifested the lowest satisfaction level. Second, 'satisfaction level towards nationality, education level, income, degree of adaptation and access to the medical institutions via transportation,' degree of adaptation towards the Korean society was manifested as an influential variable. As the degree of adaptation towards the Korean society increased, satisfaction level towards the degree of access to the medical institutions via transportation was proven to be high. Third, 'Nationality, education, income, hospital administration to help adapt the level of satisfaction' income if the first 1,5 million to 2,0 million won that low satisfaction than from 1 million to 1,5 million won and Higher of Korean society to adapt was higher Hospital Administrationon the level of satisfaction Conclusion: Nationality, education level, income, degree of adaptation towards the Korean society affect satisfaction level towards medical institutions. To increase the elements that increase the satisfaction level towards the medical institutions, multi-dimensional approach by each nationality, education level and income is required. In particular, it would be considered necessary to increase the level of adaptability to Korea.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.76-94
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was implemented to develop and validate a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) to assess the dietary intake of married migrant women in multicultural families. Methods: The SQ-FFQ consisting of 41 food items was selected based on the information of frequently consumed foods from the preliminary studies on dietary intake survey for married migrant women or a Korean Health and Nutrition Examination survey. Thirty-five subjects who visited the Multicultural Family Support Center in Seoul and Daejeon area completed their three-day diet records and SQ-FFQ 2 times. The reproducibility and relative validity of SQ-FFQ were assessed by comparing the 1st and 2nd SQ-FFQ and by comparison with the three-day diet records, respectively. Results: The reliability of SQ-FFQ, which was examined 1-2 weeks apart, showed no significant difference in the energy and macronutrient intake (carbohydrate, fat, protein), while the average intakes of vitamin A, riboflavin, calcium, and potassium were slightly higher in the 2nd than 1st SQ-FFQ. All correlation coefficients for the reliability for nutrients were statistically significant, ranging from 0.453 to 0.885. The mean intakes of energy, carbohydrate, vitamin C, thiamin, folate, vitamin B12, calcium, and sodium obtained from the SQ-FFQ were greater than those of the 3-day dietary records. The Spearman's correlation coefficient between the 2 methods was the highest for plant fat (r = 0.602; p < 0.001) and relatively higher for energy, carbohydrate, fat, and thiamin ranging from 0.512 to 0.599; and protein, riboflavin, niacin, folate ranging from 0.335 to 0.499, while no significant correlation was observed for vitamin A, C, calcium, iron, and sodium. Conclusion: The developed SQ-FFQ for married migrant women in multicultural families in this study appears to be useful for estimating the nutritional status, particularly energy, carbohydrates, fat, and vitamin B group.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.393-402
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the self-Esteem and resilience in married immigrant women, to explore the moderate effect of psychology happiness on those relationship and to suggest practical implications for social work services for those married immigrant women. Data for this study were collected through the use of a survey instrument completed by 139 samples from 148 samples. Collected data were analysed by moderated multiple regression. The findings of this study were as follows: First, this study provided clear evidence that the self-Esteem was very important variable which affected on resilience in married immigrant women. Second, the life satisfaction had moderate effect on relationship between self-Esteem and resilience. Based on these findings, Practice and policy implications as well as further research topics were discussed to aid the search for highly effective interventions.

• Journal of Legislation Research
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• no.44
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• pp.757-799
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• 2013

Ever since Korea and Vietnam reestablished diplomatic relations, the two countries'bond has become stronger than ever, augmenting the range of exchange between them in almost every possible field including politics, economy, society, and culture at such a high speed. Among many, an increase in number of Vietnamese immigrant women in international marriage is worthy of close attention. Since 2010, Vietnamese has topped the proportion of total foreign women married to Korean men, having surpassed Chinese. Nonetheless, the quick international marriage between Korean men and Vietnamese women, which usually happens without sufficient time to get to know about different cultures and languages, has not only raised problems for people concerned, but numerous social issues as well. Recognizing these problems, a number of government departments have provided various support on policies and legal issues toprotect multicultural families as a means of social integration and settlement support. Nevertheless, the support policies until now have been generalizing all of the immigrant women in international marriage as people subject to protection. Thus, considering every immigrant women as people in need, and trying to help them with various social issues have caused the government a high cost and low efficiency. This thesis emphasizes the point that through the cases of Vietnamese immigrant women in international marriage, there should be a specific support plan for specific people in need, reflecting various traits of different cultures and societies, in order to ease their settlement in Korea. Moreover, it suggests detailed plans for improvements on legal and institutional problems. Although the Vietnamese government forbids commercial agents for international marriage, many of agencies are still active and to help the immigrant women, who desire to return and resettle in Vietnam in case of divorce, this thesis suggests legal and institutional remedies for Korean and Vietnamese government. The composition of the thesis follows below: Part II on social and cultural traits of international marriage between Korean men and Vietnamese women. Part III on institutional problems and plans for improvements regarding settlement of immigrant women in international marriage. Part IV on legal and institutional problems and plans for improvements regarding divorced immigrant women and their return to Vietnam. Part V on conclusion. Divorce is not a flaw anymore nowadays, but in case of Vietnamese immigrant women ininternational marriage, an inadequate legal system hampers their resettlement process. Cases of not being ableto remove their own names from the family register due to poor financial and legal abilities are often identified and it is both the Vietnamese and Korean governments'duty to acquit their ethical responsibilities by seeking ways to institutionally and financially support them.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.307-329
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• 2022

This study aimed to explore factors which can predict interpersonal tolerance and intolerance. Specifically, the study examined whether tolerance and intolerance would be explained by demographic variables, social desirability, empathy (cognitive empathy and affective empathy), fear of compassion for others, social trust, and zero-sum belief. Participants in the study were 445 adults (218 males and 227 females) who completed an online survey. Data were analyzed by using hierarchical regression analyses to control the effects of demographic variables and social desirability. The results indicated that tolerance was explained by gender, subjective socioeconomic status, social desirability, cognitive empathy, and social trust. In addition, intolerance was predicted by social desirability, fears of compassion for others, and zero-sum belief. It means that the constructs of tolerance and intolerance are distinct, and different factors predict tolerance and intolerance, respectively. Therefore, it would be necessary to develop realistic ways to promote tolerance and to prevent intolerance at the same time in order to achieve co-existence in a multicultural and diverse society.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.47
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• pp.103-123
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• 2017

In recent years, some of the brands of cosmetics in Korea have launched the BB Cream only for man. Cosmetics is not only necessary for woman and it has been accepted by the male. A programme hosted by 김기수 is aimed to teach the female how to make up. As a result, the comprehension of the gender and the development of the times have been combined closely. The understanding of gender has been developed from binary opposition to the diversity of gender. The movements that were aimed at advocating feminism caused by some events reminded us of that we should pay attention to the equalization of the gender. We can see that people want to liberate themselves from the sexual stereotype through these social phenomenons. Meanwhile, animation advertising has also experienced a transformation, which is from that to shape a role under sexual stereotype to that to pay more attention to the diversity of gender during the progress of shaping a role. During the initial stage of the animation advertising's prosperity, what it described was based on the male. The male was the permanent theme. On the contrary, the female only played a subordinate role. However, with the development of feminism, to realize self-worth of the female and to fight for the gender equality have been mentioned more and more frequently. All these factors have prompted the animation advertising to break the stereotype when shaping a new role and change the sexual stereotype in order to create new animation figures.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.248-261
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is that the blood nutrient indicator in adult women, is the depressive indicator. This study recruited 77 pre-menopausal women, and excluding missing values, 53 (mean age 44.2±6.5 years) blood indexes were statistically confirmed and then analyzed the effect of indexes on the Beck Depression Inventory. The Beck's Depression Inventory(BDI)'s average of the study subjects was 7.6±7.2, and most of the depression symptoms were within the normal range. Only two women were very serious and other two women were serious state. As a result of this study, 21 questions of BDI was classified into 5 sub-factors. Of these, 2 factors were considered physical depression, 1 factor was mood depression, 1 factor was cognitive depression, and 1 factor undecided. As a result of the correlation analysis, triglyceride, LDL(low density lipoprotein) cholesterol and potassium showed statistically significant positive relationship with depressive factors. On the other hand, HDL(high density lipoprotein) cholesterol, sodium and chloride ions showed negative relationship with depressive factors. When multiple regression analysis was performed. Considering the depression factors was dependent variable, and triglyceride, cholesterol, blood sugar, and ketone bodies was considered as independent variables. HDL(high density lipoprotein) cholesterol had a statistically significant negative effect on the depression factor 3. Considering the depression factors was dependent variable, and minerals were considered as independent variables. Potassium had a positive effect, and chloride ions had a negative effect on the depressive factor 3. This study was limited to 77 pre-menopausal women. In the future, post-menopausal women, men, and clinical neurological disorders group will be possible.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.133-150
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• 2014

This study is aimed at examining the employment preparation of Chinese migrant women and exploring measures to support their employment in a practical manner. To accomplish the objectives, in-depth interviews with 15 Han Chinese and Korean Chinese women, who represent the highest proportion in Korea, were conducted. Each interview lasted for about an hour and a half on average, and there were additional questionnaires and observations on vocational courses. Collected data was analyzed in 4 steps by utilizing the analysis methods suggested by Lichtman (the three C's of data analysis: codes, categories, concepts), which were transformed to fit the final data. The research findings are as follows. First, the fundamental reasons that Chinese migrant women seek employment in Korea are as follows: role model as a mother based on motherhood and the desire to be recognized as a member of society. Second, as for employment strategies, although all the respondents were only dependent on the referral of their acquaintances and national institutions, Han Chinese and Korean Chinese women had ambivalent attitudes toward each other. Third, they attributed the causes of unemployment to personal aspects such as the amount of effort made and luck, and social structural aspects, including employment instability and low acceptance of multi- cultural individuals. Fourth, the migrant women hoping for 'complete integration' in the future, suggested some practical employment support measures. Such measures should be established by comprehensively reflecting their reasons for getting a job, employment strategies, attributions of unemployment, and employment outlook, rather than as response measures to the low birth rate and aging issues in Korea.