• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.29-51
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• 2013

This study aims to develop and validate Cultural Competence Scale for prospective social workers. The scale adopted three constructs of cultural competence, which include multicultural awareness, knowledge, and skills. It was made up with concrete episodes based on which respondents rate sets of competing statements relating to multicultural awareness, knowledge, and skills. The score of each item was calculated by subtracting each score of non-cultural awareness, knowledge, and skills from the corresponding score of cultural awareness, knowledge, and skills when cultural statements got higher scores than did non-cultural statements. Each score was summed up to make a total cultural competence score. Through preliminary and main test, 16 episodes and corresponding sets of statements were selected for the final version. The final scale showed satisfactory levels of reliability and validity. Based on the results, implications for the application and the further improvement of this scale were discussed.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.5-11
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• 1997

In this paper, we investigate the performance of the direct sequence/spread spectrum multiple access (DS/SSMA) system using the Trellis coded modulation (TCM) technique in both multipath fading and multi-user channel environments. For this, an expression that represents the pairwise bit error probability of the system is derived. Unlike the existing results that were performed in a more restrictive condition considering only the multi-user effect, the effects of the multipath fading as well as the multi-user environments are compositely taken into account. In order to check the validity of our analysis, although not direct, computer simulations are carried out, and they show that our expression matches exactly with the previous work for which the TCM and the multipath effects were disregarded. Moreover, it is observed that the performance of the Trellis coded DS/SSMA system can be improved dramatically comparing to the uncoded QPSK system in the multipath fading and multi-user channel environments.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.368-374
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• 2016

This paper presents constructing transmitter and receiver by using a direct sequence spread spectrum techniques to DPSK (Differential Phase-Shift Keying) scheme in underwater acoustic communication. Since DPSK signal can be demodulated if the receiver knows only the phase difference between the adjacent bits, DPSK receiver structure has the advantage of being simplified. In the conventional receiver, two adjacent symbols of transmitted signal before despread are passed to the transition correlator that detects data by comparing maximum correlation outputs. At this time, the error for maximum value of the correlator output may increase because of low SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) or high Doppler shift frequency according to the underwater channel. In this paper, we propose a method for accurate detection result using the width as well as the magnitude among outputs produced by the correlator. The performances of the proposed method was evaluated by simulation and lake trial data.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.27-36
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to design and implement an instructional model for flipped learning of programming class. Because a programming process requires a high level of abstract thinking with a good understanding of a programming language, many students have difficulty in programming. For this characteristic of programming, it is not easy to effectively achieve learning goals of programming lesson by lecturing grammatical elements of a programming language and the following examples in a limited class time. In order to overcome these problems and to make effective programming lessons, we designed an instructional model based on flipped learning. Especially, in this study, we analyzed learners' difficulties in programming learning and errors that occurred in actual programming process for designing the instructional model. As a result of applying this model to the class, it was found that the students were generally satisfied with the lesson by having positive communication with other students in the classroom and actively participating in the learning.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.519-526
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to search pre-service teachers?and chemistry teachers?conceptions related to electrolysis process by predicting electrolysis products in NaI solution. A questionnaire developed by the researchers and following interviews were adopted for the research. By the methods, the conceptions of the groups were compared. Also, the relationship between their conceptions and explanations of chemistry II textbooks and general chemistry books was examined. From the analysis, it was found that most of the pre-service teachers had difficulties in using standard electrode potential when they predicted products of electrolysis. Most of the chemistry teachers could use standard electrode potential, but it was difficult to understand water electrolysis in redox reaction. The explanations of chemistry II textbooks also contained misconceptions.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.283-291
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• 2003

The purpose of this research was to analyze and improve the experiment, observing the color change under compression on the equilibrium of $2NO_2\;{\rightleftarrow}\;N_2O_4$ system, described in high school and general chemistry textbooks. Chemistry textbooks described that the reddish brown color got lighter on the compression of $2NO_2\;{\rightleftarrow}\;N_2O_4$ system. This misinterpretation was due to no consideration of $NO_2$ concentration increase by the volume decrease. In order to propose a correct interpretation, the changes of color and temperature on compression were quantitatively measured and compared with theoretical studies. In addition, an improved experiment, excluding the effect of $NO_2$ concentration increase, was proposed to observe only the color change of the net equilibrium shift.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.477-494
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• 2012

This study is to review the content organization and developmental ways of the unit on the mixed calculations and explore the alternatives on the basis of students' responsive examples and error patterns with relation to the mixed calculations, mnemonics of PEMDAS and historical context with relation to the order of operations. Then I analyzed the textbook and manual for teachers of the unit of mixed calculations of fourth grade and improvement about teaching the mixed calculations. First, I pointed out illogical connection between practical problem and rules of order of operations. Second, I suggested constructing a textbook by considering conventional character of order of operations. Third, I pointed out the importance of structural understanding of an expression of mixed calculations and various strategies with relation to teaching and learning. This study is suggestive for textbook development of the mixed calculations.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.871-879
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• 2010

In this paper, we present a system that classifies comments on a news article into a user opinion called a polarity (positive or negative). The system is a kind of document classification system for comments and is based on machine learning techniques like support vector machine. Unlike normal documents, comments have their body that can influence classifying their opinions as polarities. In this paper, we propose a feature weighting scheme using such characteristics of comments and several resources for opinion classification. Through our experiments, the weighting scheme have turned out to be useful for opinion classification in comments on Korean news articles. Also Korean character n-grams (bigram or trigram) have been revealed to be helpful for opinion classification in comments including lots of Internet words or typos. In the future, we will apply this scheme to opinion analysis of comments of product reviews as well as news articles.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.64-68
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• 2004

당(唐)나라 고종시대(高宗時代)(7세기후반기(世紀後半期))에 유행(流行)했던 양상선(楊上善)이 선주(選注)한 "황제내경태소(黃帝內経太素)"가 일본(日本)에 전(傳)해진 것은 현종시대(玄宗時代)(8세기전반기(世紀前半期))였을 것으로 추측된다. 그 후 "태소(太素)"는 중국(中國) 송대(宋代)에는 이미 거의 모두 유실(流失)되었다. 일본(日本)에서도 점차 확실하게 전승(傳承)되지 못했지만 강호시대말기(江戶時代末期)에 이르러 경도(京都)의 인화사(仁和寺) 서고(書庫)에서 재발견(再發見)되었다. 따라서 지금 볼 수 있는 "태소(太素)"에 수록된 내용들은 모두 인화사(仁和寺)에 저장된 고권자초본(古卷子抄本)(이하(以下)에서 인화사본(仁和寺本)이라고 약칭(略稱))으로부터 유래(由來)해온 것이다. 이 초본(抄本)은 1165~1168년(年)에 단파뢰기(丹波頼基)가 직접(直接) 쓴 것이다. 그가 기초로 삼았던 원본은 일세대전(一世代前)의 단파헌기(丹波憲基)가 쓴 것이다. 이에 대하여 살펴본 결과, 인화사본(仁和寺本) "태소(太素)"의 정리(整理)에서 최초에 초사(抄寫)할 때 착오(錯誤)가 있었다는 것을 고려(考慮)할 필요성(必要性)이 일반고의적이상(一般古医籍以上)으로 크다고 말할 수 있으며, "소문(素問), "영추(靈樞)"와의 이동점(異同點)에 대해서도 교기(校記)할 필요(必要)가 없는 것을 응당 지적(指摘)해내야 한다. 그중 상당한 부분(部分)은 옮겨쓴 사람이 일본인이기 때문에 발생한 것이라 할 수 있다. 이런 것들은 일본인(日本人)에 의하여 교정(校正)하는 것이 더 편리(便利)하다고 생각된다. 단지 대륙(大陸)의 문화(文化)가 고대일본(古代日本)에 전입(轉入)되는 과정에서 고대한국인(古代韓國人)의 작용이 컸을 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 "태소(太素)"초본(抄本)에도 "일본적(日本的)인 착오(錯誤)"외에 "고대한국적(古代韓國的)인 착오(錯誤)"가 있을 가능성도 있다. 금후(今後) 이에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되기를 바란다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.744-750
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• 2014

The monitoring and abnormality warning of marine diesel engine are important to take appropriate responses for safety navigation. If maintenance engineers do not take appropriate response because of diagnosis mistakes, it will occur a nasty accident. Therefore, we need integrated monitoring and diagnosis system for supporting a diagnosis objectively. In this paper, we analyze time-series data which measured by real-time, monitor the changing of conditions and trends of the analyzed data. Furthermore, we design and implement a monitoring and diagnosis system for objective supporting of real-time diagnosis. When the integrated monitoring and diagnosis system is adopted, it can help to improve stability of marine diesel engine by providing abnormality warning alarm with appropriate responses.