• Food Science and Industry
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2011

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG(ATCC 53013) 유산균은 현재 가장 많은 연구가 진행되고 있는 프로바이오틱 유산균들 중 하나이다. 이 유산균은 내산성, 내담즙성, 특유의 콜로니 모양, 장 정착성, 병원성 세균에 대한 경쟁적 저해작용 등의 선택기준을 통하여 분리되었고, 그 특성이 밝혀져 있다. 프로바이오틱 유산균의 선택기준이 진보하고 있지만, LGG 유산균은 아직도 매우 우수한 프로바이오틱 유산균이다. LGG 유산균은 그 유전적인 특성뿐만 아니라 설사예방, 아토피성 습진, 호흡기 감염에 대한 우수성이 임상시험을 통하여 입증되었다. 최근에는 임산부와 영아의 과체중에 대한 개선효과가 임상시험을 통해 증명되어 있다. 향후에는 특정 유산균 단독이나 과학적인 방법으로 선택된 프로바이오틱 유산균의 조합에 의한 유익성을 중심으로 복합 균주의 효과에 대한 새로운 증명이 기본적인 임상시험을 형성하게 될 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.661-665
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• 2002

In order to develop ginseng tea powder with spore forming lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus sporogenes was used. In the jar fermentor experiment under optimal culture conditions, the number of spore of L. sporogenes reached about $20{\times}10^8\;CFU/mL$ and sporulation rate was 97%. Granulated ginseng tea was made from glucose 7 kg, lactose 2 kg, ginseng extract 1 kg and spores 5 g $(5200{\times}10^8\;CFU/g)$. In the treatment of artificial gastric juice (pH 3.0) for 4 h and artificial bile for 8 h, the survival rate of spores in the granulated ginseng tea was 55.4% and 90.0% respectively. The spores survived 77.6% after incubation for 20 min in boiled water. Its storage stability was about 75% for 12 months at room temperature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.201-201
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• 1994

항암 및 면역조절작용을 가지고 있으며 그자체가 서방성 prodrug으로서 약효를 나타낼것으로 기대되는 ara-C와 etherphospholipid의 conjugate인 ara-CDP-DL-PCA.2Na의 실험동물(rat)에서의 체내동태를 HPLC 정량법으로 시행 하였다. Ara-CDP-DL-PCA.2Na의 정맥내 투여(20mg/300g)의 경우 혈장중 반감기는 분포상에 있어서는 평균 20min, 소실상 에서는 4.42hr이었다. 분포 용적은 0.1635Lㆍkg$^{-1}$이었고, 전신 clearance 는 25.63ml.$hr^{-1}$.kg$^{-1}$이었다. 한편 AUC는 2601$\mu\textrm{g}$.hr.ml$^{-1}$이었다. 복강내 주사(1g/kg)의 경우 소실상의 반감기는 3.28hr, AUC는 439.3$\mu\textrm{g}$.hr.ml$^{-1}$이었다. 최고 혈중농도 도달시간은 4.4hr이었으며 그때의 농도는 33.19$\mu\textrm{g}$.ml$^{-1}$이었다. 한편 흡수속도 정수는 0.2493$hr^{-1}$이었다. 정맥내 투여에 대한 복강내 투여의 생체 이용율은 1.1252%로 복강내 투여시 흡수율이 좋지 않음을 시사하고 있다. 이는 투여 시료인 micellar solution이 일종의 약물저장 형태로 작용하여 활성물질을 서서히 방출 하기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 한편 예비적 대사연구결과 TLC에서 뇨나 담즙으로 배설되는 유의한 농도수준의 ara-CDP-DL-PCA.2Na가 없는 것으로 평가되었다. 이는 생체내에서 enzyme등에 의한 대사과정을 거치는 것으로 사료되는바 방사성 동위원소 표지화합물을 이용한 충분한 대사연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.697-704
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• 2019

This study performed to investigate the probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria 200 strains isolated from traditional fermented foods. Based on being higher tolerance to bile salts and showing higher acid resistance, 4 LAB Strains were selected in the screening experiment; Lactobacillus plantarum SRCM 102224, Lb. plantarum SRCM102227, Lb. paracasei SRCM102329, Lb. paracasei SRCM102343. Antibacterial activity against various pathogens, acid and bile salt tolerance, hemolytic phenomenon, cell surface hydrophobicity, and antibiotic resistance were examined. Among the tested strains, SRCM 102343 (95.9%) was highly observed hydrophobicity compared to Lb. rhmanosus GG (13.4%) as control. In this study, the in vitro adhesion properties of 4 strains of LAB was investigated using human intestinal caco-2 cell cultures. SRCM102329 and SRCM102343showed higher adherence to caco-2 cells than Lb. rhamnosus GG. The antibacterial activities of 4 strains LAB were investigated. the 3 strains showing strongly antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC10798, Staphylococcus aureus KCCM11593, Listeria invanovii KCTC3444, Bacillus cereus ATCC11778 and S. enterica serovar. Typhi KCTC1926. These results suggest that selected strains have good probiotic potential for application in functional foods.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.216-222
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• 2006

This study was carried out to select the lactic acid bacteria producing ${\beta}-galactosidase$ (lactase) and investigate the properties of the ${\beta}-galactosidase$. About 100 strains of lactic acid bacteria showing blue colony on the MRS agar medium containing X-gal were isolated from several kinds of Kimchi. Among them, 2 strains were selected as potential ${\beta}-galactosidase$ producers. The selected strains, ET-1 and LA-12, were identified as Lactobacillus fermentum and L. acidophilus, respectively by the analysis of 16S rDNA sequences. They showed relatively high ${\beta}-galactosidase$ activity and cellular viability. Their ${\beta}-galactosidase$ showed the highest activity at $55^{\circ}C$. And the optimum pHs of the enzymes produced by ET-1 and LA-12 were pH 5.5 and pH 7.0, respectively. They were also highly resistant to artificial gastric juice and bile. Two selected strains showed little change of viable cell number for 3 hr incubation in artificial gastric juice, and maintained the viable cell number at $10^8CFU/ml$ for 24 hr in 0.3% oxgall after incubation for 2 hours in artificial gastric juice. Based on these results, ET-1 and LA-12 are expected to be applied in dairy industry.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.141-144
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• 1994

As the laparoscopic cholecystectorny is performed more widely, complication associated with the procedure, although rare, are encountered occasionally. Injury to the bile duct occurs somewhat more frequently after the laparoscopic cholecystectorny than the open method. The bile leakage following a bile duct injury can be detected non-invasively either by ultrasonography or radionuclide hepatobiliary scan, but the former is not very specific. Hepatobiliary scan can show the bile leakge and the localization of the bile accumulation. We report two cases of the common bile duct injury following laparoscopic cholecystectorny, accurately detected by hepatobiliary scan using $^{99m}Tc$-diisoprophylimi-nodiacetic acid (DISIDA).

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.83-90
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• 1999

Four strains of lactic acid bacteria which had cholesterol lowering activities were selected from foreign fermented milk. The strains were identified as Lactobacillus(L.) rhamnosus 2084, L. casei 0781, Lactococcus (Lacto.) lactis spp. 204, and Enterococcus(E.) faecium 402. We observed that the L. rhamnosus 2084 was the most tolerant against pH 1.5, L. casei 0781 against pH 2.0, but not significantly different in the tolerance against pH 3.0. The L. rhamnosus 2084 was the most tolerant against bile acid and prominent in the degree of lowering cholesterol level. All four strains were used as starters in producing yogurt, and then investigated physico-chemical characteristics, such as pH, titratable acidity, and viable cell counts of yogurt base. L. casei 0781, L. rhamnosus 2084, Lacto. lactis 204, and E. faecium 402 were incubated for 6 hours at $40^{\circ}C$, 4 hours at $40^{\circ}C$, 6 hours at $37^{\circ}C$, and 12 hours at $37^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$, respectively, for the optimum conditions of fermented milk.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1023-1029
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• 2016

Probiotic functional foods are known to have various functional effects such as intestinal regulation, modulation of immune system, reduction of allergies, and lowering of cholesterol. The purpose of this study was to select probiotic strain that is most suitable for freeze-dried coffee for the development of functional coffee products. The survival rate of probiotics, at drinking condition of coffee, at acid, at bile and after freeze-dried in coffee were measured on 1 strain isolated from commercial freeze-dried coffee, 8 strains used as fermented milk starter, 1 Bifidobacterium and 1 Bacillus coagulans. Bacillus coagulans showed the highest survival rate from $2.4{\times}10^7cfu/g$ to $2.0{\times}10^7cfu/g$ especially after freeze-drying. The results at drinking condition of coffee, at acid tolerance, at bile tolerance and at storage test showed significantly better survival rate of Bacillus coagulans than that of control (Lactobacillus casei). Especially, Bacillus coagulans showed 3.8-fold higher survival rate at acid tolerance (pH 1, 120 minutes) than control. Thus, the lactic acid-producing Bacillus coagulans is characterized as a probiotic strain suitable for functional coffee formulation and commercialization.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.106-112
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• 2006

Fifty four acid-resistant and bile-resistant isolates of lactic acid bacteria were initially isolated from the faces of Korea native cattle and Holstein using MRS agar and LAPT agar, and ten strains with superior activity against bile salt were finally selected LS1, LS15, and LL6 isolates showed survival of 66.5%, 82.6% and 80.7% against the simulated stomach liquid(pH 2.5), respectively. LL6 and LL7 isolates had the highest inhibitory activities against the pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Clostridium perfringens. By using API 50 CHL kit LS1, LS2 and LM1 isolates were identified as a L. fermentum. LL6 and LL7 isolates as a L. acidophilus, and LS3 isolate as a L. plantarum. The other four isolates belong to genus Lactobacillus. All the isolates tested were sensitive to some antibiotics such as ampicillin, amoxicillin and erythromycin, but resistant to colistin and ciprofloxacin. LB1, LL6 and LL7 isolates were resistant to gentamicin and neomycin. Especially, the LL6 isolate showed the highest resistance to both of the simulated stomach liquid and bile salt, in addition to the highest inhibitory activities against Sal. typhimurium, Staph. aureus and Cl. perfringens.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.522-530
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• 2013

The ability of probiotics to adhere to the intestinal epithelium likely plays an important role in their colonization of the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we performed high-throughput screening (HTS) for suitable characteristics of potential probiotic bacteria using attachment and colonization ability through a C. elegans surrogate in vivo model. A total of 100 strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from infant feces were subjected to the colonization assay using C. elegans intestine. Based on colonization ability, we showed that nine isolates have a high attachment ability during whole experimental periods (up to 168 h), compared to Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG as a control. Also, through the use of an in vitro cell attachment model, nine isolates revealed highly binding activity to the mucus layer. Next, the selected 9 isolates were assayed for their survival ability when exposed to acidic and bile conditions as well as cholesterol reduction and the utilization of prebiotic substrates. As a result, the isolated nine strains were determined to be highly resistant to acid and bile conditions. In addition, they have significant activity for the reduction of cholesterol and utilization of several prebiotic substrates as a carbon source. Finally, the selected nine strains were identified by either L. rhamnosus or L. plantarum (4 strains for L. rhamnosus and 5 strains for L. plantarum, respectively). Taken together, we propose that the direct colonization of probiotics using C. elegans may be applicable to the rapid screening of valuable probiotic strains in vivo.