• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.6B
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• pp.731-741
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• 2008

Previous studies on the numerical simulation at the tidal reach of Han River tend to restrict downstream boundary as Jeon-ryu station due to difficulties in gaining cross section data and tidal elevation values at Yu-do. But, in this study, geometries beyond the confluence of Gok-reung stream and Im-jin River are constructed based on the numerical sea map; tidal elevation at the downstream boundary, Yu-do is estimated by harmonic analysis of In-cheon tide gage station so that hydrodynamic and diffusion behavior have been analyzed. The domain ranging from Shin-gok submerged weir to Yu-do is selected (which is 36.8 km in length). RMA-2 and RAM4 developed by Il Won Seo (2008) are applied to simulate flow and diffusion behavior, respectively. Numerical results of flow characteristic are compared with the measured data at Jeon-ryu station. Simulation is carried out from June 23 to 25 in 2006 on the ground that hydrologic data is satisfactory and tidal difference is huge during that period. The result shows that reverse flow occurs 5 times according to the tidal elevation at Yu-do and the maximum reverse flow is observed up to Jang-hang IC, which is 32.9 km in length. Also analysis is focused on the process of generation and disappearance of reverse flow, the distribution of water surface elevation and velocity along the maximum velocity line, and the transport of nonconservative pollutant. Pollutant injected from Gul-po stream spreads widely across the river; however, the size of BOD cloud entering from Gok-reung stream is relatively small because water depth at the mid and left side becomes deeper and maximum velocity occurs along the right bank so that transverse mixing is completed quickly. Finally, mixing characteristic of horizontal salinity distribution is obtained by estimating the salinity input with analytical solution of 1D advection-dispersion equation.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.12-19
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• 2023

This study conducted an experiment with EC 1.0ms/cm ratio and excellent soil conditions for germination in ICT-based ginseng process cultivation. The first growth survey was conducted before transplantation of ginseng 1-year roots grown by seeding ginseng in the process cultivation, conventional cultivation and a second growth comparison survey was conducted after 3 months of growth. In the results, it was confirmed that ginseng grown in the process cultivation grew more than in the field. As a result of comparing the contents of 11 ginsenosides of 1-year and 2-year-old ginsenosides in the process cultivation and conventional cultivation ginseng, it was confirmed that the content of the process cultivation ginseng was higher than that of practice cultivation ginseng. In conclusion, conventional cultivation ginseng grows due to various factors under the natural cultivation environment, but process cultivation can secure the growth stability of ginseng by allowing stable soil and environmental control, so continuous research is needed in the future.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.226-233
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• 2023

High solar radiation in summer season causes excessive respiration of crops and reduces photosynthesis. In addition, the rainy season, which mainly occurs in summer, causes a low light condition inside the greenhouse. A low light condition can reduce crop growth and yield. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of shade and supplemental lighting on the growth and yield of cucumber during summer season. Cucumber grafted seedlings were transplanted in two plastic greenhouses on August 30, 2022. To reduce the light intensity inside the greenhouse, a 50% shading screen was installed in one greenhouse. Supplemental lighting was conducted from September 7, 2022 to October 20, 2022. HPS (high-pressure sodium lamp), W LED (white LED, red:green:blue = 5:3:2), and RB LED (combined red and blue LED, red:blue = 7:3) were used for supplemental lighting sources, and non-treated (nonsupplemental lighting) was as the control. The supplemental lighting was conducted before sunrise and after sunset for 2 hours with a photosynthetic photon flux density of 150 ± 20 µmol·m^-2·s^-1. The plant height, leaf length, leaf width, and SPAD value tended to increase in the shading group. RB LED increased stem diameter regardless of shading treatment. Fresh and dry weights of fruits were not significantly different in shading and supplemental lighting. Average fresh weight of fruits was not significantly different among supplemental lighting as the harvest date passed. In conclusion, in this study 50% shade treatment significantly improved the growth of cucumber during the summer season. In addition, the growth and fruit characteristics are better than the control without supplemental lighting. This study can be used as basic research data for applying supplemental lighting technology to cucumber cultivation.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.23-42
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• 2006

This is a study of the digital archives of Culturecontent.com where 'Cultural Archetype Contents' are currently in service. One of the major purposes of our study is to point out problems in the current system and eventually propose improvements to the digital archives. The government launched a four-year project for developing the cultural archetype content sources and establishing its related business with the hope of enhancing the nation's competitiveness. More specifically, the project focuses on the production of source materials of cultural archetype contents in the subjects of Korea's history. tradition, everyday life. arts and general geographical books. In addition, through this project, the government also intends to establish a proper distribution system of digitalized culture contents and to control copyright issues. This paper analyzes the digital archives system that stores the culture content data that have been produced from 2002 to 2005 and evaluates the current system's weaknesses and strengths. The summary of our findings is as follows. First. the digital archives system does not contain a semantic search engine and therefore its full function is 1agged. Second, similar data is not classified into the same categories but into the different ones, thereby confusing and inconveniencing users. Users who want to find source materials could be disappointed by the current distributive system. Our paper suggests a better system of digital archives with text mining technology which consists of five significant intelligent process-keyword searches, summarization, clustering, classification and topic tracking. Our paper endeavors to develop the best technical environment for preserving and using culture contents data. With the new digitalized upgraded settings, users of culture contents data will discover a world of new knowledge. The technology we introduce in this paper will lead to the highest achievable digital intelligence through a new framework.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.6C
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• pp.395-406
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• 2006

Drilled shafts are a common foundation solution for large concentrated loads. Such piles are generally constructed by drilling through softer soils into rock and the section of the shaft which is drilled through rock contributes most of the load bearing capacity. Drilled shafts derive their bearing capacity from both shaft and base resistance components. The length and diameter of the rock socket must be sufficient to carry the loads imposed on the pile safely without excessive settlements. The base resistance component can contribute significantly to the ultimate capacity of the pile. However, the shaft resistance is typically mobilized at considerably smaller pile movements than that of the base. In addition, the base response can be adversely affected by any debris that is left in the bottom of the socket. The reliability of base response therefore depends on the use of a construction and inspection technique which leaves the socket free of debris. This may be difficult and costly to achieve, particularly in deep sockets, which are often drilled under water or drilling slurry. As a consequence of these factors, shaft resistance generally dominates pile performance at working loads. The efforts to improve the prediction of drilled shaft performance are therefore primarily concerned with the complex mechanisms of shaft resistance development. The shaft resistance only is concerned in this study. The nature of the interface between the concrete pile shaft and the surrounding rock is critically important to the performance of the pile, and is heavily influenced by the construction practices. In this study, the influences of asperity characteristics such as the heights and angles, the strength characteristics and elastic constants of surrounding rock masses and the depth and length of rock socket, et. al. on the shaft resistance of drilled shafts are investigated from elasto-plastic analyses( FLAC). Through the parametric studies, among the parameters, the vertical stress on the top layer of socket, the height of asperity and cohesion and poison's ratio of rock masses are major influence factors on the unit peak shaft resistance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.249-254
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• 2019

'Japonica 6' is a japonica rice variety developed from a cross between 'MS11', the beginning variety adaptable to tropical region, and 'IR86743-28-1-4', an elite line of high yield and good plant type by a Korea(RDA)-IRRI cooperative breeding program at IRRI in 2017. The growth duration of 'Japonica 6' is 121 days from sowing to harvest. It is 10 days later than that of the check variety 'MS11'. The culm length of 'Japonica 6' is 70 cm, and 1,000-brown rice grain weight is 26.7 g. It has a shorter culm and a larger grain. size than that of MS11. 'Japonica 6' is moderately resistant to blast disease but susceptible to bacterial blight, tungro virus and plant hoppers. The milled rice recovery rate of 'Japonica 6' is improved than that of 'MS11'. The head rice rate of 'Japonica 6' is significantly higher than that of 'MS11'. Yield of 'Japonica 6' is averagely 3.59 MT/ha of milled rice in 5 areas of the Philippines. The 'Japonica 6' was registered in Philippines and would be adaptable to the diverse regions of tropical Asia (Registration No in Philippines. BPI-NSIC-2017-Rc 484SR).

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2019

'Jungmo1033', a japonica rice variety, was developed by the rice breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 1992. It is derived from a cross between a native variety 'Jagwangdo', which has translucent milled rice and medium maturity; and 'Hwayeong', which is an elite line with bacterial blight resistance and mid-late maturity. The heading date of 'Jungmo1033' was August 10 in the middle plain area of Korea, which was two days later than that of 'Hwaseong'. 'Jungmo1033' has a culm length of 79 cm, which was 5 cm shorter than that of 'Hwaseong', and 105 spikelets per panicle. 'Jungmo1033' showed resistance to bacterial blight (K1, K2, and K3 races) and stripe virus, but susceptibility to the K3a race of bacterial blight, dwarf and black-streaked dwarf viruses, and planthoppers. The milled rice of this variety exhibited translucency and a medium short grain shape. It had an excellent appearance and lower amylose content (19.1%) than that of 'Hwaseong'. The characteristics related to grain milling were better than those of 'Hwaseong', especially head rice milling recovery ratio and head rice ratio (94.8%). 'Jungmo1033' showed a milled rice productivity of 5.38 MT/ha at 11 sites under ordinary cultivation conditions. (Registration No. 5723)

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.307-319
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• 2019

This study aims to provide the basic materials for the development of leisure and tourism contents in connection with Osaek cableway for the revitalization of Osaek District. For such a purpose, the following policy directions were presented through the analysis of the present situation and conditions of Osaek District, the direction of development of leisure and tourism contents of Osaek District, etc. The first is increasing the participation of local residents and reinforcing their capabilities. The suggested promotion plans are ① establishing organizational system and strengthening support, ② reinforcing the capabilities of local residents and ③ constructing networks with external human resources. The second is setting the guidelines for contents development. It was proposed to prepare contents for leisure experience using the natural environment of Osaek District in response to the trend of increase of people who enjoy "contents using culture and arts" and leisure. The third is typological approach to contents. It was proposed to develop cultural contents with the theme of Osaek such as "Osaek Light Festival", "Osaek Concert", "Osaek Photo Exhibition" and "Osaek Good Men and Women Contest" for the promotion of the brand of the place name of Osaek and the creation of the "Picture Book Village" for the compilation of the history and culture of Osaek District with pictures. The fourth is securing marketing channels. For this, it was proposed to produce the website of Yangyang County or a website tentatively named as "Osaek-ri with Beautiful Osaek" and introduce an integrated travel product (transportation + lodging + foods + experience (hot spring, mineral water therapy, leisure experience, etc.) + purchasing local specialty products, etc.) composed of the leisure and tourism contents, transportation, lodging, foods, etc. of Osaek District through travel agencies. The final policy direction presented was phased implementation of the development and operation of the contents. Proposed policies include support of a consulting project to upgrade the organization of local residents; implementation of "Tourism Dure (Cooperative)" project for the solution of the problem of tourism in Osaek District by the residents themselves together using the space of culture and arts made by remodeling idle public and private facilities after benchmarking exemplary places; system improvement for the introduction of leisure and tourism contents appropriate for local conditions; and the establishment of a master plan for the introduction of various leisure and tourism contents in Osaek District.

• Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.546-551
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• 2011

Chrysanthemums, often called mums or chrysanths, belong to the genus Chrysanthemum, which includes about 30 species of perennial flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. We extracted DNA from Dendranthema grandiflorum ('Smileball') to construct a simple sequence repeat (SSR)-enriched library, using a modified biotin-streptavidin capture method. GS FLX (Genome Sequencer FLX System which provides the flexibility to perform the broad range of applications) sequencing (at the 1/8 run specification) resulted in 18.83 mega base pairs (Mbp) with an average read length of 280.06 bp. Sequence analyses of all SSR-containing clones revealed a predominance of di-nucleotide motifs (16,375, 61.5%) followed by tri-nucleotide motifs (6,616, 24.8%), tetra-nucleotide motifs (1,674, 6.3%), penta-nucleotide motifs (1,283, 4.8%), and hexa-nucleotide motifs (693, 2.6%). Among the di-nucleotide motifs, the AC/CA class was the most frequently identified (93.5% of all di-nucleotide types), followed by the GA/AG class (6.1%), the AT/TA class (0.4%), and the CG/GC class (0.03%). When we analyzed the distribution of different repeat motifs and their respective numbers of repeats, regardless of the motif class, of 100 SSR markers, we found a higher number of di-nucleotide motifs with 70 to 80 repeats; we also found two di-nucleotide motifs with 83 and 89 repeats, respectively, but their product lengths were within optimum size (297 and 300 bp). In future work, we will screen for polymorphisms of possible primer pairs. The results will provide a useful tool for assessing molecular diversity and investigating the population structure among and within Chrysanthemum species.

• Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.76-81
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• 2019

'Asemi' is a rice variety derived from a cross between 'Jinmibyeo' which has translucent milled rice and medium maturity and 'Cheolwon46', an elite line with high yield and early maturity by the rice breeding team at NICS, RDA in 2013. The heading date of 'Asemi' is August 1, six days earlier than the check variety 'Hwaseong'. It has 82 cm culm length and 109 spikelets per panicle. 'Asemi' is resistant to blast disease, stripe virus and tungro virus, but susceptible to other viruses and planthoppers. The milled rice of this variety exhibits translucent, clear non-glutinous endosperm and short grain shape. It has protein content (6.7%) higher than 'Hwaseong', and amylose content (19.5%) similar to 'Hwaseong'. The milled rice recovery rate of 'Asemi' is similar to that of 'Hwaseong'. However, the head rice rate of 'Asemi' is higher than that of 'Hwaseong'. Milled rice yield of 'Asemi' is 5.23 MT/ha in ordinary cultivation. ' Asemi' could be adaptable to the wide region of tropical Asia (Registration No. 5639).