• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.27-40
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• 2024

This study empirically derives the factors affecting the practice of corporate social responsibility (CSR) of venture firms in Korea from the perspective of Slack Resource Theory and the company's growth strategy, and provides implications for future expansion of venture firm's CSR activities. In Korea, venture firms have grown into important players in the national economy since the late 1990s through social contributions such as economic value creation, job creation, and technological development. As venture companies grow in status, positive relationships with stakeholders and responsibility for environmental and social values are required. Now, CSR is becoming an important strategic choice for SMEs and venture firms. However, until now, CSR-related academic research has mainly focused on large or listed corporations, and there is not much research on SMEs or venture firms. In particular, research on the factors that lead venture companies to make important business decisions of participating in CSR activities is not there yet. This study applied logistic multiple regression analysis using the '2023 Survey on Venture Firms' conducted by the Ministry of SMEs and Startups. As a result of this study, operating profit, which is an available resources of venture companies, and government support, which is a potential resource, have a positive impact on venture firms's CSR activities. Also, business relationships with large corporations and expectation for future cooperation also have a positive impact on CSR activities as the determinants. On the other hand, it was analyzed that in venture firms where ownership and management are not separated, the higher the CEO's shareholding ratio, the more negatively it affects CSR activities. This study contributes academically as the first empirical study on the determinants of CSR activities of venture firms in Korea and provides implications that government policy support and collaboration between large corporations and venture firms are important in order to expand CSR activities of venture firms.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.61-102
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• 2007

This study empirically analyzed how human resource management(HRM) practices affect the performance of venture firms using The results of the study are as follows: First of all, several HRM practices were found to affect organizational performance significantly. Specifically, ${(1)}$ recruitment and selection practices were negatively related to turnover, which seemed to mean that effective staffing including development of good recruitment pools and rigorous selection process lower turnover, and ${(2)}$ training and development, compensation, and labor-management relations were positively related to subjective performance of the firms, which implied that as the venture firms provide more opportunities of training and development to employees, provide compensation on the basis of performance, and develop cooperative labor-management relations, the subjective performance of the venture firms Increases. Secondly, negative interaction effects were found to exist between competitive strategies and HRM practices on organizational performance. Specifically, ${(1)}$ the interaction between differentiation strategy and compensation were significantly related to turnover, ${(2)}$ HRM planning and training and development interacted with differentiation strategy to significantly affect subjective organizational performance, and ${(3)}$ HRM planning, selection, training and development, compensation and communication practices interacted with technology innovation strategy to affect subjective organizational performance. So far, there have not been many studies which deal with HRM practices of venture firms in Korea. Thus, it is hoped that this study stimulate more research efforts on theory development and empirical studies on HRM practices of venture firms. Also, it is hoped that government conduct more policy studies and provide more resources in HRM area of the venture firms. Specifically, it is suggested that government take proactive steps to improve industrial skilled staff and technical researcher systems in order to alleviate the problems of workforce shortages in venture firms. And it IS also suggested that regional human resource development programs be introduced with the participation of the firms, local governments, and universities.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.81-93
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• 2013

The study attempted to explain the differences among the willingness of companies to accept the self-regulation. The study exemplified the $CO_2$ emissions record labelling program, as a self-regulation program which is considered as a concrete action for corporate social responsibility and substantiality management movement. The study investigated how companies respond to the request from a government to accept the program, which may be potentially contributed to both higher social and financial performance. It is hypothesized that first the company may decide whether the acceptance decision is strategic or non-strategic issues. when considered as non-strategic, the decision will be made on the basis of short term expected returns and costs comparison. It is hypothesized that when considered as strategic, the decision will be strongly influenced by the type of corporate perceptions toward environmental regulations, which has been accumulated by past experiences. Also, the study investigated the good management theory and the slack resources theory which differently predict the direction between social performances and financial performances. The results identified the significant relationships among most variables and supported the slack resources theory. Further, the ethical perception positively influenced the willingness to accept the self-regulation.

• Venture DIGEST
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• s.114
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• pp.14-17
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• 2008

경기도 안산시에 위치한 경기테크노파크(원장 배성열)는 '산업기술단지 지원에 관한 특례법' 에 의거해 현재 광역지방자치단체별로 설립된 전국 16개테크노파크중 하나다. 1998년 개원이후 유망벤처기업의 발굴육성을 비롯,교육 훈련,정보교류, 연구개발 등 중소기업을 위한 지원활동을 펼쳐왔으며 산업자원부 ,경기도, 안산시의 재정.행정지원을 바탕으로 한양대학교를 비롯한 인근 6개 대학을 연결해 경기도 중소기업을 위한 연구지원활동을 하고있다. 현재 59개 중소벤처기업이 입주해 있고 연구개발, 시제품 생산, 품질인증, 위탁생산, 마케팅, 경영컨설팅 등을 지원받고 있다. 경기지역의 명실상부한 첨단지식산업 육성의 요람으로 자리매김하고 있는 경기테크노파크를 찾아가본다.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.149-175
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• 2014

This study analyzed the effect of corporate innovation strategies on patent production and ultimately on technological change and new product development of firms in South Korea. The intent was to derive efficient strategies for enhancing technological performance of the firms. For the empirical analysis, three sources of data were combined: four waves of the Human Capital Corporate Panel Survey (HCCP) data collected by the Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training (KRIVET), corporate financial data obtained from the Korea Information Service (KIS), and corporate patent data provided by the Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO). The patent production function was estimated by zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression. The technological performance function was estimated by two-stage regression, taking into account the endogeneity of patent production. An ordered logit model was applied for the second stage regression. Empirical results confirmed the critical role of corporate innovation strategies in patent production and in facilitating technological change and new product development of the firms. In patent production, the firms' R&D investment and human resources were key determinants. Higher R&D intensity led to more patents, yet with decreasing marginal productivity. A larger stock of registered patents also led to a larger flow of new patent production. Firms were more prolific in patent production when they had high-quality personnel, intensely investing in human resource development, and adopting market-leading or fast-follower strategy as compared to stability strategy. In technological performance, the firms' human resources played a key role in accelerating technological change and new product development. R&D intensity expedited new product development of the firm. Firms adopting market-leading or fast-follower strategy were at an advantage than those with stability strategy in technological performance. Firms prolific in patent production were also advanced in terms of technological change and new product development. However, the nexus between patent production and technological performance measures was substantially reduced when controlling for the endogeneity of patent production. These results suggest that firms need to strengthen the linkage between patent production and technological performance, and take strategies that address each firm's capacities and needs.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.135-153
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• 2014

Tendencies such as the increasing spread of market globalization, new technological developments, the reduction of product life cycles and aggressive competition, are generating high levels of environmental changes and uncertainty for organizations of all types. these circumstances require rapid responses through adaptation of organizational attitudes and capabilities, which lead to innovative management approaches and organizational methods. Human resource management researchers have struggled to elaborate the underlying mechanism explaining how human resource systems relate to organizational performance after universalistic perspectives were supported by a majority of studies investigating the positive relationship between human resource management system and firm performance. To fill the void, hypotheses in this study predicted human resource flexibility that would mediate the relationship between human resource management system and firm performance. The research model among the variables in this study was as follows: These theoretical models were tested with a sample of 138 firms in Korea. The analysis of data was undertaken by using AMOS. The Summary of the verification results is follows: Firstly, most of human resource management system and human resource flexibility had positive effects on human resource performance Secondly, most of human resource management system and human resource flexibility had positive effects on firm's financial performance Thirdly, human resource flexibility had mediated the relationship between human resource management system and firm performance The results of the present research may be demonstrated that organizations or managers could achieve a high level of management practices that lead to firm performance by enabling human resource to be flexible through high performance human resource management system.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.38 no.4 s.173
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• pp.411-419
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• 2005

The recent rapid economic growth of China has an increasing interest to Korea. China is plentiful of the natural mineral resources and has a huge territory with 1.3 billion people, also has a strong foundation in the mining industry as a mineral process and metallurgical technology. Such strong mining industry of China is attractive to Korea which is getting ready the North East Asia epoch. The growth of big mining groups as Gangseo (Jiangxi) Copper Corporation and Honam Juyawhageo (Hunan Zhuye Torch) Metal Co. Ltd. haul up the rapid economic growth in China.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to suggest an efficient way for ventures to achieve innovation performance through R&D cooperative arrangements. Achieving innovation is one of the critical factors for the survival of ventures. Unlike established firms, ventures often do not have the specialized assets necessary to take technological developments to the product and market stages. Young and resource-constrained firms can achieve innovation by finding and accessing to the complementary resources from R&D cooperation. In the current business environment, many firms are likely to engage in multiple simultaneous R&D cooperations with different partners. Recent research stream addresses the importance of efficient cooperation management from the holistic portfolio perspective. Since maintaining the multiple cooperative relations require substantial amount of time and effort, managing cooperative relationships play a more important role to resource-constrained firms. In order to find an efficient composition of R&D cooperative partners, we mainly focus on the diversity of partner type and dependence level in partnership. We analyze the data on Korean manufacturing ventures collected in the Korean Innovation Survey (KIS) which was conducted by the Science and Technology Policy Institute (STEPI). The KIS questionnaire assesses the existence of cooperative relationships with different types of partners respectively. The types of cooperating partners are affiliated companies, suppliers, clients & customers, competitors or other firms in the same industry, consulting firms, universities, and research institutes. We confirm that ventures obtain relatively higher benefits from R&D cooperation compared with established firms in terms of innovation performance. The results show that a moderate level of diversity in cooperative partner type composition increases innovation. Moreover, diversity of cooperation dependency among the partners enhances innovation performance. Likewise, concentrating on the quality aspects of cooperative composition, such as diversity of partners and degree of dependencies, this study offers some implications for ventures in managing partners from an integrative perspective.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.664-688
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• 2011

This study aims to explore the variables which determine performance of inter-firm R&D cooperation. As the dependent variable is categorical - whether the new product developed by the inter-firm cooperation were sold or not-and the independent variables were interval, discriminant analysis was used. The independent variables were composed of degree of inter-firm cooperation, experience of cooperation, market attractiveness, R&D intensity, resources and competences of enterprise and efficiency of government support. A total of 144 responses were obtained. The results indicate that the degree or inter-firm cooperation is the best predictor of the performance, followed by market attractiveness, R&D intensity and resources/competences of enterprises. Whereas, the experience of cooperation and efficiency of government support program were not statistically significant predictors. The hit ratio or the percentage of cases correctly classified was 66.2%. We derived several implications of these findings in an effort to guide subsequent inquiry.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.129-136
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• 2014

Although the concern about various welfare resources in the private sector is increasing, it has been less discussed on product donation in comparison with cash donation. This study is to explore effective product donation system by understanding the intermediary process experience of product philanthropy between corporations and non-profit organizations. In order to understand such process in details, data was collected by conducting interview in-depth with 4 corporate staff and 2 NPOs staff in charge for product donation. Based on the findings of study, suggestions are discussed for effective intermediary systems of product donation including the use of new technology such as the on-line system of Good 360(formerly Gift In Kind International) and for improving the partnership between corporations and NPOs to activate product philanthropy. Also, these show that it is necessary to reinforce institutional support on tax-incentive and fair market value of giving product.