• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.313-314
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• 2021

We confirmed the parasitic characteristics of Asobara japonica according to the stage of development of Drosophila suzukii and observed the morphological differences between parasitized and unparasitized D. suzukii larvae and pupae. It was also confirmed that emergence period of A. japonica was longer than that of D. suzukii. A. japonica showed an effective parasitic and insecticidal effect on D. suzukii larvae, and it is expected that A. japonica could be used as a natural enemy for the control of D. suzukii.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.104-112
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• 1990

Studies were conducted to investigate hosts, life cycle, population dynamics and natural enemies of mulberry scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Ta. & Tozz., from 1987 to 1988 in southern region of Korea. The host plants were 22 families and 74 species. Host plants belonged to genus Prunus in general were severely damaged due to mulberry scale. Mulberry scale was most likely to have three generations a year with first occurrence of larval stage from mid-May to late June, second occurrence from mid-July to mid-August and third occurrence from early September to late October including 3 peaks in early and mid-June, late July and mid-September. In case of each stage occurrence, eggs were peaked on 10th day, larvae on 25th day and adults on 7th day from beginning of occurrence, respectively. Natural enemies were observed as parasitoids of 3 species such as Aphytis diaspidis, Archenomus orientalis and Apterencyrtus mocrophagus and as predators of 3 species such as Chilocorus Kuwanae, Chilocorus rubidus and Hormonia axyridis. Shoot growth was affected by mulberry scale and Lepra to dwindle as much as half of normal growth.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.448-453
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• 2013

We investigated the occurrence of major pests, 4 species of moths (Grapholita dimorpha Busck, Carposina sasakii Matsumura, Archips breviplicanus Walsingham, Adoxophyes orana Fischer von Roslerstamm), apple aphid (Aphis spiraecola Patch), two spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) and parasitoids in pear orchard with hairy vetch and cutting weeds in Yesan, Chungnam province during the flowering season and summer depression season of hairy vetch, in 2012 and 2013. The occurrence of 4 species of moths in hairy vetch plot and cutting weeds (major is finger grass, Digitaria sanguinalis, 80%) were little different but in case of apple aphid, the density in hairy vetch plot was just 95 aphids per stem at 20th June but low after then. The density of two spotted spider mite on pear leaf in hairy vetch plot was lower than in cutting weeds plot significantly. The number of parasitoids collected in hairy vetch plot during flowering season (May and June) were 398 and 798 in 2012 and 2013, respectively. The number of parasitoids collected in hairy vetch plot during summer depression season (July and August) were 114 and 172, respectively. But in cutting weeds plot, 9 and 22 in May and June, 8 and 5 in July and August. We didn't know either hairy vetch in pear orchard affected the occurrence of 4 species of moths, apple aphid and two spotted spider mite or not but was acted to be favorable for wasps, the natural enemies on the contrary. The improvement of chemical control systems through the selection of low chemicals to natural enemies with cover and green manure plants would turn effective pest management into a possibility.

• The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
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• v.9 no.1_2
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• pp.1-5
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• 2004

Insect pests and their natural enemies of Hibiscus Linne (Malvaceae) were investigated from March 2002 to November 2004. Fourteen insect pest species of 9 families in 5 orders were collected from Hibiscus syriacus: 5 species in Homoptera, 3 species in Lepidoptera, 2 species in Coleoptera, 1 species in Orthoprera, 1species in Hemiptera, 1 spedies in Acarina, and 1 species in Stylommatophora. Especially, Aphis gossypii Glover (Aphididae), Anomis megogona Walker(Noctuidae) and Tetranychus urticae Koch (Tetranychidae) were very important species because of their increasing daminge. The highest donsities were observed from May to June in August in Tetranychus urticae. As the enemies and ento-mopathogens of insect pests on Hibiscus syriacus, 1 species of bacteria, 3 species of fungi, 1 species of fungi, 1 species of Hemiptera, 1 species of Coleoptera, 2 species of Hymenopetera, 2 species of Diptera, and 1 species of Acarina were investigated. As the predators and parasitoids of Aphis gossypii, Aphidoletes aphidoletes aphidimyza Rondani (Cecidomyiidae), Meliscaeva cinctella Zetterstedt (Syrphidae), Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coccinellidae), and Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead (Braconidae), entomopathogenic fungi, Vericillium lecani naturalis strain (Moniliaceae) and Beauveria bassiana naturalis strain strain (Hypocreaceae) were observed and Bacillus thuringiensis naturalis strain (Bacillaceae), B. bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae naturalis strain (Hypocreaceae), predators of Tetranychus urticae, Amblyseius sp. (Phytoseiidae), and Orius sp. (Anthocoridae) were observed.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.285-290
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• 1993

This study was conducted to mvestigate the natural enemies of chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu and their seasonal prevalence of adult emergence. The natural enemies Identified were as follows: Torymus sinensis, Torymus geranii, Eutytoma Brunniventris, Eurytoma s Setlgera, Megastigmus nipponicus, Megastigmus maculipennis, Ormyrus flavrtrbwlis, Ormyrus punctiger, Eupelmus urozonus, Euplmus sp., Sycophila vanegata, and Diptem sp. Among these natural enemies of the chestnut gall wasp, Torymus sinensis, Eurytoma setigem, and Eupelmus sp. were newly recorded this time In Korea. The seasonal prevalence of parasItic wasps have been investigated in Kyonggi ProvInce. Torymus sinensis which seems to be the most dominant parasitoid emerged from withered galls formed in the previous year April to eary May. The four parasitoids such as Torymus geranii, Sycophila variegata, Eupelmus urozonus and Eupelmus sp. emerged from withered previous year galls in April to May and also from current year galls in June to August. The other parasitoids emerged from only current year galls in June to August.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.68-68
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• 2000

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.149-158
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• 1988

Nematophagous fungi were successfully isolated by baited plating, centrifugation technique of soil, and direct isolation from naturally ingested nematodes. Predominant seven fungi isolated were identified as Artheobotrys arthroboteyides, A.conoides, A. oligospora, Dactylella lobata, Fusatium oxysporum, Monacrosporium ellopsoporum and Harposporium anguillu-lae. Of these, six fungi were tested for cultural characteristics except. H, anguillulae, extre-mely fastidious fungus in artificial media. Among 14 media tested in this experiment, Corn-meal Agar (CMA) and Oatmeal Agar (OMA) were the most suitable media for growing all six nematophagous fungi. Weakly saprophytic M. ellipsospoyum also grew vigoroualy on these two media. The radial growth, dry weight and sporulation of the fungi tested were quite diverse depending on the culture media. D. lobata revealed good growth and abundantly sporulated on Glucoes Peptone Agar (GPA). Although over-all growth of F, oxysporum was not satisfactory on Sucrose Nitrate Agar (SNA), the sporulation was best on this medium. Optimum conditious for mycelial growth and sporulation of nematophagous fungi ranged pH 5-8 and 20-$30^{\circ}C$ on SNA. D. lobata and F, oxysporum grew vigorously and most profusely sporulated on all media tested. They turned out an most promising biocontrol agents for their aggressive growth and sporulation over the ranges of temperature and pH ranges.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 1991

Larvae of beet armyworm. Spodoptera exigua are extremely polyphagous. A total of 42 host p plants were identified in the field observations. Among them, vegetables were 13 species. upland crops 12 species, flowers species, and others including weeds 11 species. The damage by b beet armyworm was severe on Allium fistulosum in southern Chonnam. The percentage of hills d damaged was 86% in Jindo, Chonnam and 1.92% in Sesan. Chungnam. Nomuraea rileyi and nuclear polyhedrosis virus were identified on the larvae of Spodoptera exigua in Allium fistulosum fields and the percentage of parasitization was 4.3-9.7% and 3.2%, respectively. M Mortality of Spodoptera exigua larvae by Nomuraea rileyi in perilla was 13.4% in July 5, 28.9% in Aug. 7, and 18.5% in Sept. 10.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.277-286
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• 2021

The natural enemy was identified as a parasitic wasp, Binodoxys communis Gahan. B. communis taxonomically belongs to the family braconidae, subfamily aphidinae, and genera binodoxys. It develops normally at 17.5 to 32.5℃, and not at 35℃. Depending on the temperature, the longest development period of B. communis was 21.9 days at 17.5℃, and shortest was 6.46 days at 32.5℃. The effective accumulated temperature was 175.44 DD for females as well as males; however, the developmental threshold temperature was 10.87℃ and 10.74℃ for females and males, respectively. This parasitic wasp was found to prefer cotton aphids and soybean aphids as its prey.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.171-179
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• 2000

- Turfgrass insect pests and natura.l enemies for biological control were investigated to develop pest management effectively in golf courses at several golf clubs. Twenty eight insect pest species of 10 families in 6 orders were collected from golf courses. The zoysiagrass mite, Eriophyes zoysiae and root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita were also collected from zoysiagrass. White grubs of several scarab beetles and cutworms (Agrotis spp.) damaged seriously at most surveyed golf clubs. In addition, bluegrass webworm (Crambus sp.), Japanese lawngrass cutworm (Spodoptera depravata), scale insects, Tipula sp., and ants (Camponitus japonicus, Formica japonica, and Lasins japonicus) damaged turfgrasses directly or indirectly in golf courses. The entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis spp., Steinernema glaseri, and S. longicaudum, entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, and milky disease, Paenibacil/us popil/iae were isolated from white grubs or turfgrass soil as microbial control agents. Besides, dipteran predators, Cophinopoda chinensis, Philonicus albiceps, and Promachus yesonicus and hymenopteran parasitoid, Tiphia sp. were also collected. The P. yesonicus was the most active in golf courses. The root-knot nematode, M. incognita was found from Zoysia japonica, Z. matrella. and Cynodon dactylon.