• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2023

This study examined the changes in lower body muscle activity and foot pressure during progressive squat exercise in male college students. It was conducted to help efficient exercise guidance by identifying and recognizing muscle imbalance using EMG and smart shoes and providing immediate feedback. The subjects of the study were 20 students from D University. As a result of this study, as the squat load increased, the activity of all muscles except for the left semitendinosus muscle and the anterior tibialis muscle significantly increased among. Foot pressure, when the squat load was increased, the pressure of the forefoot(FF) increased significantly and the pressure of the rear foot(RF) decreased significantly. Therefore, providing immediate feedback using a wearable device will prevent muscle imbalance and provide effective exercise guidance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.659-666
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• 2021

This study aimed to investigate the effect of changes in pressure levels and gaze directions on deep neck flexor muscle thickness. Twenty-seven subjects participated in this study. Ultrasound imaging of the longus colli (LC) and sternocleidomastoid (SCM) were measured in four gaze directions (0°, 20°, 40°, 60°) and five pressure levels (20 mmHg, 22 mmHg, 24 mmHg, 26 mmHg, 28 mmHg) during cranial-cervical flexor (CCF) exercises. Repeated ANOVA was performed for analysis of muscle thickness difference according to gaze direction and pressure levels in LC and SCM. Results: LC showed a significant difference between 0° and 20°, 0° and 40°, and 0° and 60° at pressures of 20 mmHg and 22 mmHg (p<.05). SCM displayed a significant difference between 0° and 20°, 20° and 40°, and 40° and 60° at 28 mmHg (p<.05). In this study, it was found that setting the gaze direction to 20° for the CCF exercise can increase the activation of LC and lower the activity of SCM to obtain the effect of exercise. Based on the results of this study, it is hoped that the beneficial effects of the CCF exercise can be increased by setting an optimal gaze direction in a clinical environment.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the activity of the supra and infrahyoid muscles according to the temperature and the amount of water in healthy adults. Methods : The amount of water was set to 3 mL and 20 mL, and the temperature was subdivided into $4^{\circ}C$, $22^{\circ}C$, and $40^{\circ}C$ in order to compare the activity of the supra and infrahyoid muscles in twenty-seven healthy adults. We used the mean value of the activity of the supra and infrahyoid muscles while they were swallowing saliva in order to set the reference voluntary contraction (%RVC). Results : Muscle activity was significantly increased when they swallowed 20 mL of water rather than 3 mL in the left infrahyoid muscles at $4^{\circ}C$, $22^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$ (p=.00; p=.00; p=.00), the right infrahyoid muscles at $22^{\circ}C$and $40^{\circ}C$ (p=.01; p=.01), the left suprahyoid muscles at $4^{\circ}C$ (p=.03). Muscle activity of the right suprahyoid muscles was significantly decreased at $40^{\circ}C$ compared to $4^{\circ}C$ and $22^{\circ}C$ when they swallowed 20 mL of water (p=.04). Conclusion : In the future, other variables such as viscosity and taste should be considered, and further studies on patients with impaired nervous system as well as healthy subjects will be needed.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.539-548
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• 2019

This study was designed to examine the effects of complex breathing exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation of Quadriceps Femoris muscle on pulmonary function and cerebral cortex activity in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. After collecting samples from 20 patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease aged 60 to 80, 10 patients each were randomly placed in an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group conducted complex breathing exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation of Quadriceps Femoris muscle, and the control group only conducted complex breathing exercise. As a pretest, pulmonary function and cerebral cortex activity were measured. The intervention program was applied to each group for 30 minutes, once a day, for 4 days a week, for 6 weeks, and the posttest was carried out the same way as the pretest. As a result, both groups showed significant differences in FEV1.0(Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second)(p<.001)(p<.05), and there were significant differences between the groups as well(p<.05). When comparing alpha waves in each domain of cerebral cortex, both of the experimental and control groups showed significant differences in Fp1, Fp2, F3 and F4 domains (p<.01)(p<.05). During the 6-week experiment, complex breathing exercise and neuromuscular electrical stimulation of Quadriceps Femoris muscle improved pulmonary function of patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in relation to cerebral cortex activity, a positive breathing change was found due to the increase of alpha waves in the forehead domain. Therefore, it is considered that applying neuromuscular electrical stimulation of Quadriceps Femoris muscle to patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease additionally along with complex breathing exercise will bring a better therapeutic effect.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the productivity of biomass and antioxidant compounds in Polygonum multiflorum by culturing explants in air-lift bioreactor containing Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, by adding different concentrations of auxins [indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)], sucrose, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and salicylic acid (SA). Results of this study revealed that the explants culturing on the medium supplemented with $9.84{\mu}M$ IBA and 50 g/L sucrose were observed to have higher productivity of biomass and bioactive compound than other treatments used. Thus, we expect that these results will be helpful for large-scale production of biomass and antioxidant compounds from Polygonum multiflorum.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.224-230
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the hip positions in frontal plane on abdominal muscle activities during bridging exercise. Twenty six subjects who have healthy conditions were asked to perform bridging exercise in three starting positions which are hip abduction, neutral and hip adduction. We used surface electromyography to compare the activities of both external oblique, internal oblique and rectus abdominis muscle. We analyzed the data by using repeated one way ANOVA, The alpha level was set at 0.05. The results showed that the muscle activities of both sides of external oblique, and internal oblique were significantly different among three starting positions. The activity of both sides of rectus abdominis were insignificantly different among three positions. The muscle activities of both sides of external oblique muscle and left internal oblique in bridging exercise with hip adduction position were significantly greater than hip neutral positions. The muscle activity of right internal oblique in bridging exercise with hip abduction positions. Our results suggest that bridging exercise with hip adduction position is recommended to lumbar stabilization exercise and the factor of hip position is important for controlling exercise intensity when designing bridging exercise program.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.265-271
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• 2021

This study aimed to define the diagnostic criteria for cervicogenic headache and propose an efficient method of clinical evaluation and physical therapy. Fifteen patients with cervicogenic headache and 15 healthy individuals were recruited and categorized into the test group and the control group, respectively. The groups were compared in terms of muscle characteristics, muscle activity and posture, and the intervariable correlations were analyzed for the test group. A significant between-group difference was found in the stiffness of the suboccipital muscle and the tone and stiffness of the upper trapezius muscle (p<.001). In posture comparison, a significant difference was noted in neck tilt angle and the T1 slope angle (p<.05). The activity of the sternocleidomastoid muscle was also significantly different between the groups (p<.001). When the correlations among the muscle characteristics, the posture, and the activity of the sternocleidomastoid muscle were analyzed for the test group, a positive correlation was found between the tone and the stiffness of the suboccipital muscle (p<.001) and between the tone and the stiffness of the upper trapezius muscle (p<.001). The findings of this study suggest a more efficient approach for the assessment and treatment of cervicogenic headache patients. It is considered that, further studies including more subjects of various job categories and comparing the outcomes.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1182-1187
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• 2003

This study was performed to evaluate the potentiality of Reynoutria elliptica Migo., being used as a folk remedy and a herb medicine for urethritis, cystitis, etc., on growth inhibition of Helicobacter pylori which is known as the ulcerogenic pathogen. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of methanol extract from Reynoutria elliptica Migo, was determined to be 120 ppm for H. pylori and urease activity derived from H. pylori was inhibited over 80% by the extract at 2 mg/mL in urea broth. Among various solvent fraction of the methanol extract, the hexane fraction showed a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of H. pylori reducing both its growth and urease activity. Scanning and transmission electron micrographs of H. pylori treated with the methanol extract at 2 mg/mL for 3 hr showed that the cell walls and membranes were disrupted so that the cytoplasmic components were leaked from the body. These results suggest that Reynoutria elliptica Migo. possesses a therapeutic potential on the gastric disease caused by H. pylori.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of activated charcoal on growth and yield of medicinal plants in different degree of activated charcoal concentration. The results obtained are summarized as follows. Stem length was shown the longest in activated charcoal of 20%, but shorter in control. Also stem diameter was shown the thickest in activated charcoal of 20%, but thinner in control. Length and thickness of main root and thickness of main root were good in activated charcoal of 20%. Quality and yield of medicinal plants were the highest in activated charcoal of 20%. Therefore, optimum consistency of activated charcoal was 20%.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.758-765
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• 2019

The purpose of the this study was to determine the comparative analysis of body muscle activities in plank exercise with and without thera-band. Twelve healthy adult males(age, $21.75{\pm}.57$ years; height, $173.33{\pm}1.34cm$; body mass, $65.92{\pm}1.64kg$; and BMI, $21.93{\pm}.46kg/m^2$) participated in this study as subjects. Plank exercises(full, elbow, side, and reverse plank) were performed with four different thera-band in without(WT), red color(RT), blue color(BT), and siver color(ST). We measured the muscle activities of the erector spinae(ES), deltoideus p. acromialis(DA), external oblique(EO), rectus abdominis(RA), rectus femoris(RF), latissimus dorsi(LD), pectoralis major(PM), and biceps femoris(BF). The research findings were as follows. ES and DA muscle activities were greatest during full plank performed with the WT(p<.05). EO, RA, RF, and PM muscle activities were greatest during full plank performed with the ST(p<.05). ES and DA muscle activities were greatest during elbow plank performed with the WT(p<.05). RF and PM muscle activities were greatest during elbow plank performed with the ST(p<.05). ES, EO, RA, RF, LD, PM, and BF muscle activities were greatest during side plank performed with the ST(p<.05). DA, EO, RA, RF, LD, PM, and BF muscle activities were greatest during reverse plank performed with the ST(p<.05). These results are expected to serve as reference materials for plank exercise applications in training programs for body muscle strengthening.