• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.379-390
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to improve the working conditions of dental technicians, through survey for working conditions related to perform one's duty, the extent of personal exposure to substances hazardous and complaint rate and factor of job stress and subjective symptom on musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: Using four types of structured questionnaires: social and demographic factor; the actual conditions of working space; working conditions; and characteristics of dental technicians, respondents filled in the questionnaires and the results were analyzed statistically. Results: The evaluation of comfort in working place found that satisfaction level on indoor noise was the lowest with 2.6 on a five-point scale and privacy space followed 2.8 point. In reasons for dissatisfaction with job, over workload ranked the highest by 25.4% and role overload had the highest by 39.5% in job stress factors. Based on the results, we could draw conclusion that dental technicians were unsatisfied with role overload and heavy workload a day. In reasons for musculoskeletal symptom prevalence, long-patient work was the highest by 24.1%. It was thought to cause dental technicians need deep procession and long-patient work due to the nature of their job. Conclusion: In conclusion, noise reduction and privacy space are required to improve job efficiency of dental technicians. In addition; we need to think of ways to increase the job satisfaction with adequate rest while deep procession and long-patient working.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.4972-4980
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• 2014

This study examined the effects of teacher job stress and emotional intelligence on the turnover intent and job satisfaction. To this end, an early childhood teacher survey of 220 people using SPSS 9.0 data processing, analysis, and the independent variables were used to predict the dependent variable. Simple regression analysis and regression analysis of a follow-up examination were then performed. In the first study, the early childhood teachers' turnover intention due to job stress and job satisfaction revealed job stress to be a significant factor. The children's lack of leadership and administrative support work overload factors contributed to causes of stress. The turnover intention appeared to affect the mind. Second, early childhood teachers job satisfaction, job stress and turnover intention were affected by attempts to mediate the influence of job stress. Therefore, mediation plays a significant role. These results show that infant teacher duties affect the turnover intention and job satisfaction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.559-573
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate factors affecting turnover intentions of rehabilitation specialists by using data on the "improvement of labor conditions and human rights of rehabilitation Specialist" which was conducted both in 2016 and in 2017. The turnover intention of the rehabilitation specialists was analyzed with personal factors, job-related factors, and factors related with client violence, discrimination, and burnout. Among these factors, variables of wage satisfaction, job satisfaction, and client violence have statistically significant effect on the turnover intention of rehabilitation specialists. While the variables of wage satisfaction and job satisfaction are likely to decrease the turnover intention of rehabilitation specialists, the variable of client violence significantly increase the turnover intention of rehabilitation specialists. The results of this analysis implies that the labor conditions including salary, the work environment for the rehabilitation specialists, and client education should be improved and strengthened to decrease the turnover intention of the rehabilitation specialists.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.335-342
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of work-related upper extremity musculoskeletal pain in baristas and to identify the elements that are related to pain. The questionnaires were distributed to 100 workers in 63 cafes on Jeonju city in Korea. As a result of investigating work related pain, 65.3% (n=64) answered "yes" to the question that had pain at least once a week, month, or year, or 34.7% (n=34) answered "no". Most of the workers were right-handed, and when they felt pain, they felt 25 to 50% of time per day. Especially, baristas reported that the use of porter filters during work and the tamping operation were the most painful. In conclusion, our study indicated that necessary to introduce and develop a program to prevent cafe worker disease, as well as need to future research to improve work environment and posture according to the characteristics of the cafe works.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.837-847
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of hospital characteristics on employment rate, working period, and retirement of ward nurses in Korea through a retrospective cohort study based on HIRAS data. Methods: Data were obtained from a report on medical care institutions of Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRAS). Data from 259,941 nurses who were working for a day or more from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2016, at 2,942 medical care institutions were analyzed. Life table method analysis, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were conducted. Results: The employment rates of 5 yeas and 10 years for the total sample were 38% and 28%, respectively. The estimated mean value of the working period was 3,642.7 days (SE: 17.4 days). Cox proportional hazard regression analyses revealed that nurses who were working at the general hospital/hospital, clinic, and nursing hospital were more likely to leave the hospital compared to those who were working at the 3rd general hospital. Nurses who were working at the medical institutions which were located in cities and countries, established by the private foundation, rated lower levels of nursing, and owned an insufficient number of beds, nurses and doctors were more likely to leave their workplace compared to those of the counterparts. Conclusion: This study indicates that hospital characteristics may play a significant role in retirement and working period of ward nurses in Korea. The improvement of hospital conditions to reduce ward nurses' retirement are needed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.161-162
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• 2020

Major advanced ports around the world are preparing for environmental regulations such as increased efficiency of ports and low emission of pollutants in ports by utilizing fourth industrial technologies and ICT technologies such as AI, big data, self-driving cars and connected cars. It is also investing in developing fully unmanned terminals to solve the problem of workforce reduction caused by avoidance of 3D industries. However, the introduction of advanced technology is being delayed in domestic ports, which has led to a drop in port efficiency. In addition, port safety accidents have also occurred frequently, seriously affecting port marketing. Thus, the characteristics and types of each container terminal in Korea were analyzed and the factors for introducing autonomous cooperative driving were classified into five section factors and 15 division factors. Hierarchically classified factors will be surveyed on workers working in shipping lines, port construction, container terminals and related ministries.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.1D
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• pp.37-44
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• 2010

The present annexed parking lot standards for buildings in Parking Act are categorized in 9 groups with 13 parking standards in terms of recreation, culture and assembly, housing, factory, warehouse, and so on, in which same grouped facilities have same parking standards. These days diversity in building types and functions need more fractionated parking standards; however, most local governments focusing merely on applying strengthened parking standards in general without systematic rules of consistency. The current problem of parking standards being used is lack of regarding facility characteristics; expecially, a large sized high-tech manufacturing facility located in industrial site is still applied by same parking standards as normal manufacturing facility, even though most part of manufacturing process is automated and hence less manpower is employed. This paper presents a parking generation forecasting model for factory facilities in industrial site in terms of facility use and scale characteristics.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.279-286
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• 2010

To investigate the correlation between the perceived symptom of musculoskeletal diseases and psychosocial factors in dental professionals in Chungcheong province, a self-administered survey was conducted on 206 dental professionals in Chungcheong province from March 9th, 2009 to March 28th, 2009. SPSS WIN 12.0 software was used to analyze the data and the following results were obtained. 1. As for the perceived symptom degree of musculoskeletal diseases based on measured body parts, the frequency of 'high' was the highest in all the parts of the body. 2. As for gender, females showed higher interest in musculoskeletal diseases than males (p=.000). As for age, subjects ranged 26~30 years showed the highest interest in musculoskeletal diseases, which was statistically significant (p=.000). 3. Work satisfaction showed a positive correlation with the perceived symptom of musculoskeletal diseases in lumbar group and lower extremity group. Work stress showed a weak negative correlation with the perceived symptom of musculoskeletal diseases in lumbar group and lower extremity group. Coworker satisfaction showed a positive correlations with the perceived symptom in upper extremity group and lower extremity group. Hospital satisfaction showed a positive correlations with the perceived symptom in upper extremity group, lumbar group and lower extremity group. Working environment satisfaction showed a positive correlations with the perceived symptom in neck group, shoulder group, upper extremity group and lower extremity group. This study showed a correlation between psychosocial factors and the perceived symptom of musculoskeletal diseases based on body parts. Therefore, psychosocial factors should be considered when the prevention and management program of musculoskeletal diseases are developed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.21-37
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• 1989

Environmental design pattern of the nine Small Urban Spaces at C.B.D. in City of Seoul are surveyed and analyzed for user's satisfaction and behavior under the environmental design evaluation by using Christopher Alexander's Pattern Language. Small Urban Spaces as a part of streetscape are formed by physical factors as well as visual environment and interacting user's behavior. Therefore, user's satisfaction and behavior at the nine Urban Small Spaces were investigated under the further search for some possibilities of application of those Pattern Languages. A pattern language has a structure of a network. It is used in sequence, going through the patterns, moving always from large patterns to smaller, always from the ones which create comes simply from the observation that most of the wonderful places of the city were not blade by architects but by the people. It defines the limited number of arrangements of spaces that make sense in any given culture. And it actually gives us the power to generate these coherent arrangement of space. As a results, 'Plaza', 'Seats'and 'Aecessibility' related design Patterns are highly evaluated by Pattern Frequency, Pattern Interaction and their Composition ranks, thus reconfirm Whyte's Praise of urban Small Spaces in our inner city design environments. According to the multiple regression analysis of user's evaluation, the environmental functions related to the satisfaction were 'Plaza', 'Accessibility' and 'Paving'. According to the free response, user's prefer such visually pleasing environmental design object as 'Waterscape' and 'Setting'. In addition to, the basic needs in Urban Small Spaces are amenity facilities as bench, drinking water and shade for rest.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.120-131
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• 2012

Today, companies exist amid unlimited competition and uncertain adminstration environment, so hands-on workers are being exposed to various job requirements and stress due to this. Especially, employees in the design firm are physically difficult because of heavy working intensity unlike other industrial field, and because the process is interrelated unlike working of a five-day workday of the other industry, it is difficult to guarantee periodic holidays and vacation. In addition, recently, while BIM is introduced in the construction industry, various changes in the individual role as well as organizational dimension such as business environment and scope & role, etc. are required, so it is the actual situation that the category and factors of job stress due to this are being also changed. Accordingly, this research has grasped important and weak sectors according to characteristics such as career, position, gender, education and existence/nonexistence of BIM template, etc. by confirming a job stress level and inducing factors of hands-on workers at the design firm. This research has a meaning in constructing a business environment of a design firm that is a main participant of BIM-based projects that are expected to have high utilization in the future.