• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.1 s.88
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• pp.20-26
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• 1999

The specific DNA band appeared in PCR-RAPD analysis using OPO-2 primer was a very important for the researching Korean pine-mushrooms, Tricholoma matsutake. This DNA band, sequenced to be the 770 base pairs, existed as only a single copy in the whole genomic DNA's of Korean pine-mushrooms. However, this band was not presenting from the PCR-RAPD bands of other ectomycorrhyzal fungi reacted with the OPO-2 primer or the dot blots. Also, this DNA sequence was not matched with those of the other genes known by NCBI and had low homology together with sequence of other proteins compared. Those results suggested that the specific DNA band can be used as probe for identification of T. matsutake and might be related to the informations rather than the gene for the proteins with analysis of protein sequence translated from the DNA sequence.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.194-199
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• 2010

Compost as a soil amendment is of importance in enhancing the soil chemical and microbial qualities; however, soil microbial community can vary depending on the composition, and the amount of compost applied to plant in the soil. Responses of soil microbial properties to compost applications with 0, 30, and 60 Mg $ha^{-1}$ were investigated in silt loam soils where red pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) was mainly cultivated in Yeongyang, Gyeongbuk, Korea. The analysis of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) extracted from soil showed that compost amounts significantly increased PLFAs representing as bacteria, fungi, and VAM-fungi as well as the ratio of fungi/bacteria, and monounsaturated/saturated PLFAs. Increasing the amount of compost significantly increased Gram-/Gram+ PLFAs' ratio, but significantly decreased monounsaturated/saturated PLFAs' ratio. Therefore, this result shows that compost would vary to a limited extent the microbial community in red pepper field. However, increase in compost application would change the subgroup structure of microbial community only.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.171-182
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• 1992

Ten species of the leguminous plants were collected from the soils around Kongiu National University $(127^{\circ}\;08'\;41"\;E,\;36^{\circ}\;28'\;04"\;N)$. All of them were infected with VA-mycorrhizae in the root tissues, and twelve azygospores or chlamydospores of VA-mycorrhizal fungi were found and identified (twelve species of four genera); Acaulospora denticulata, A. scrobiculata, Gigaspora margarita, Glomus australe, Gl. constrictum, Gl. convolutum, Gl. diaphanum, Gl. flavisporum, Gl. glomerulatum, Gl. manihotis, Gl. tortuosum, Scleroystis microcarpus. Seven among them were not reported in Korea yet (seven species of three genera); A. denticulata, Gl. australe, Gl. constrictum, Gl. convolutum, Gl. diaphanum, Gl. flavisporum, S. microcarpus.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.641-646
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• 2012

Available phosphorus($P_2O_5$) in conventionally cultivated soil was more abundant in two fold than that of organically cultivated soil. Relative density of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) was higher in organically cultivated soil, That of welsh onion cultivated soil was the highest, that of strawberry was followed and then that of pepper, respectively. Relative density of AMF was inversely proportioned to available soil phosphorus. Phosphorus content of crop and relative density of AMF were more abundant in organically cultivated crop or soil. However available soil phosphorus content was much in conventionally cultivated soil. The phosphorus contents between soil and crop were negatively correlated. The phosphorus content of crop was increased as the relative density of AMF increased. Relative density of AMF in the organically cultivated soil and phosphorus content of the crop with organic cultivation were higher than those of conventionally cultivated.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.496-501
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the cultural characteristics and the genetic characteristics in Lepists nuda. The mycelia cultural characteristics which include the specificity for pH, carbon source, nitrogen source and medium were studied using petridish culture and liquid media culture respectively. The genetic characteristics were also investigated using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. To find out the mycelial growth rate by various medium, mycelia was cultured for 25 days in PDA, YM, MEA, GPB and Yamanaka. The Yamanaka was superior to the other media in supporting the mycelial growth. pH6 produced the best result in the test of an optimal pH. In experiment for optimal carbon source, starch showa 46.8$\pm$1.7mm of diameter of mycelial colony as the best and for nitrogen source, yeast extract showed a good effect as well. In investigation for genetic characteristics, Lepists nuda was amplified by 7 primers among 10 primers and Pleurotus ostreatus was also amplified by 7 primers. From the RAPD analysis between species, the band patterns were different.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.121-142
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• 1983

Recently mycorrhizal research has been one of the most fast-growing research areas in modern plant science and microbiology. The application potential of mycorrhizal techniques to agriculture and forestry is enormous in view of the ubiquitous nature of mycorrhizae and known benefits of mycorrhizae to host plants. Unfortunately, very few scientists in Korea are currently involved in mycorrhizal research. When a team of American plant pathologists visited Korea in September 1982 to participate in the Korea-U.S.A. Joint Seminar on Forest Diseases and Insect Pests, they were surprised by the principal author's statement that there was no single research project on mycorrhizae sponsored by Korean government or any scientific institutions. The author initiated a few years ago a research project on the ecology of tree mycorrhizae with a foreign financial support. Major areas of interest were survey of ectomycorrhizae in relation to soil fertility, taxonomic distribution of mycorrhizae among woody plants, identification of ectomycorrhizal fungi, and growth response of woody plants to artificial inoculation. In spite of the enormous application potential of mycorrhizae to agronomic plants, the subject of mycorrhizae has not been recognized by Korean agronomists, foresters or pathologists. The purpose of this review rather written in Korean is to introduce the techniques of mycorrhizal research to Korean scientists and to urge them to participate in challenging new scientific field which might bring us a remarkable increase in crop productivity and tree growth through manipulation of this unique symbiosis. In this review, following topics were discussed in the same order: introduction; brief history of mycorrhizal research; morphology and classification of mycorrhizae; distribution of mycorrhizae in plant kingdom and in soil profile; physiology of mycorrhizae (functions, mineral nutrition, mycorrhizal formation); interaction of mycorrhizae with soil-born plant pathogens. mycorrhizae in nitrogen-fixing plants; application of mycorrhizal techniques to nursery practices (isolation, culture, inoculation, and response); prospect in the future.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.191-203
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• 2012

Mycelial growth of ectomycorrhizal fungi (27 strains of 8 species) collected from Korean forests was observed on various culture conditions (media, temperature, pHs). After 60 days of incubation, all strains grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and modified Melin-Norkran's agar (MMNA), whereas no mycelial growth was observed on malt extract agar (MEA) or sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) in some strains including Tricholoma matsutake. Mycelial growth on PDA was poor at high temperature ($30^{\circ}C$) than the low temperature ($10^{\circ}C$). The optimal temperature on PDA and pH in potato dextrose broth (PDB) for mycelial growth in most strains were $20-25^{\circ}C$ and pH 4-5, respectively. All strains tested showed the carboxymethyl cellulase (CM-cellulase) activity and the maximal cellullase activity was expressed by the mycelium of T. matsutake (KFRI 1266) on the CMC agar plate with pH 5.0.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2011

Accurate response analysis of long span bridges subjected to seismic excitation is important for earthquake hazard mitigation. In this paper, the performance of a typical four span continuous reinforced concrete bridge model subjected to asynchronous multiple seismic excitations at the supports is investigated in both the time and frequency domains and the results are compared with that from a relevant uniform support excitations. In the time domain analysis, a linear modal superposition approach is used to compute the peak response values. In the frequency domain analysis, linear random vibration theory is used to determine the root mean square response values where the cross correlation effects between the modal and the support excitations on the seismic response of the bridge model are included. From the two sets of results, a practical range of peak factors which are defined to be the ratio of peak and the root mean square responses are suggested for displacements and forces in members. With reliable practical values of peak factors, the frequency domain analysis is preferred for the performance based design of bridges because of the computational advantage and the generality of the results as the time domain analysis only yields results for the specific excitation input.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.225-233
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• 1991

This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of indigenous vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(VAMF) in the rhizosphere soil of horticultural crops grown under greenhouse and open-field condition, in the southern area of Kores. Soil samples collected from the rhizosphere of some sellected horticultural crops, such as cucumber, hot pepper, lettuca, tomato and eggplant grown under greenhouse or open-field condition. All tested crops are considered as mycorrhizal plants. The infection rate of horticultural crops investigated ranged from 38% to 70%, hot pepper and eggplant grown under greenhouse condition showed the highest infection being 66.0% and 70.0%, respectively. Spore densities were from 4.8 to 20.0g-1 on dried soil basis. Spore densities of VAMF in the rhizosphere soils under greenhouse condition were higher than that of open-field conditions. The highest distribution of spores in diameter ranged from $75{\mu}m$ to $106{\mu}m$ in the rhizosphere soil of lettuce, cucumber and tomato while those in hot pepper and eggplant ranged from $75{\mu}m$ to $250{\mu}m$. Glomus sp.-type spores predominated in the slightly acid soil(pH 6.3), while Acaulospora sp.-type spores greatly predominated in the very strongly acid field(pH 4.9).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1373-1377
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• 2010

Coastal sand-dune plants can survive very effectively with the help of various microbes, especially ecto- and endomycorrihizae. Penicillium citrinum KACC43900 was screened according to growth promoting activity on sand-dune plants Calystegia soldanella and Ischaemum anthephoroides. In this study, coastal sand-dune plants were treated with a fungal culture filtrate of endophytic fungus P. citrinum KACC43900 to confirm the promotion of plant growth. C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides were used as representative coastal sand-dune plants, and their shoot length, plant length, and dry weight were analyzed. The shoot lengths of control C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides were 8.60 cm and 8.12 cm, and those of samples treated with fungal culture filtrates of C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides for 20 days were 16.30 cm and 10.56 cm, respectively. The plant lengths of control C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides were 14.90 cm and 14.80 cm, and those of samples treated with fungal culture filtrates of C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides for 20 days were 24.06 cm and 17.06 cm, respectively. The dry weight of C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides treated with fungal culture filtrates of C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides for 20 days were 0.163 g and 0.032 g, respectively. It was shown that the growth of shoots in C. soldanella and I. anthephoroides was promoted, 89.54% and 29.60%, by culture filtrate of P. citrinum KACC43900.