• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.151-178
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• 2014

Highly Differentiated and segmented social insurance scheme in Taiwan shows its salient dimension of stratification, which has been considered as a general feature of conservative welfare regime. However, compared to Western conservative welfare states, Taiwan's social insurance scheme shows a distinct feature. First, Taiwan's social insurance scheme has offered a full coverage for various benefits. Secondly, Labor Insurance and Government employees' Insurance reveal distinct features of stratification. Labor Insurance has developed a universalistic system based on status equality and cross-class solidarity of working classes while Government employees' Insurance includes a myriad of occupational- and status-based programs. This article aims to articulate the historical origin of Taiwan's unique social insurance scheme and explains it as an unintended result of state's political intervention and various interests of each insured groups, especially, politically, economically, and ethnically conflicting identities of government employees and working classes.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.45
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• pp.145-166
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• 2016

The aim of this investigation was to determine the historical relationship between anti-communism in the United States and military dictatorship in Paraguay. Relations between the two countries have been of great importance since the U.S attempt to obtain hemispheric solidarity in World War II, the Cold War in Latin America, and the balance of power in the La Plata region. The Archives of Terror are official documents of police repression between Alfredo Stroessner's dictatorship and the U.S. U.S provided support and aid to Paraguay dictator. Alfredo Stroessner spanned more than half a century. The course of Paraguay-U.S. relation during his regime is illustrative of the flow of real politics in both nations. Not only did Washington had definite diplomatic goals, so did $Asunci{\acute{o}}n$. The relative disparity in power and wealth between the two nations did not necessarily hinder Paraguay's pursuit of international advantage in its relations with the United States.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.205-209
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• 2020

Korea was verified as a measles-free country by the World Health Organization in 2014; however, some imported measles cases and related outbreaks were reported. As the incidence of wild-type measles decreases in measles-free countries, the proportion of vaccine-associated measles is increasing. Wild-type measles is highly contagious and requires follow-up and management of the contacts, whereas vaccine-related measles is not contagious and does not require follow-up intervention. Therefore, measles genotyping should be performed to reliably distinguish between them in suspected patients. Two patients with vaccine-associated measles were confirmed through genotyping at Daegu Fatima Hospital. In Korea, there are only a few reports of vaccine-associated measles confirmed through genotyping; thus, we report recent vaccine-associated measles cases, emphasizing the need for genotyping.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.165-174
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• 2023

Due to the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the influence applied to all areas of our society is continuing to develop at a rapid pace as the days go by. Recently, in the field of legal services, artificial intelligence technology has been introduced mainly in the United States, an advanced country, leading innovation in the legal market. As such, artificial intelligence is expected to rapidly grow as a means of replacing people, leaving the auxiliary role of people at a rapid pace, and the purpose of this study is to examine necessary measures for Korean professional legal professionals to survive in this legal market. After analyzing it based on prior research by domestic researchers and various data in Korea, the law was revised to prohibit non-lawyers from handling legal affairs, active state intervention in public information cases, and ways for the state and the private sector to check each other. Therefore, the above research is expected to throw a lot of discussion points in terms of legal services using artificial intelligence in the future.

• Journal of the International Relations & Interdisciplinary Education
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.43-61
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• 2024

This study aims to present an 'integrated circular model' as a model to explain the phenomenon of curriculum autonomy applied to the school field after Korea's curriculum autonomy policy is determined. To this end, first, the significance of curriculum autonomy and the characteristics of curriculum autonomy in Korea were examined. Second, the necessity of an alternative curriculum policy-making model was discussed based on the critical analysis of the policy-making model. Third, the integrated circular model was explored. Here, the condition search for model establishment and the basic direction of the model were presented, and an integrated circular model was devised. The integrated circular model was divided into a macro model and a micro model, examined, and presented as an integrated model. As a result of the discussion, it was necessary to conceptualize the autonomy in which the self-requesting behavior of the curriculum to the state was promoted due to the autonomy granted by the state, and the exclusion and internal control of the curriculum were established. Through these discussions, suggestions such as generalization of model application, curriculum quality management, and supplementation through verification were made.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.311-342
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• 2015

We evaluate two main rationales of massive policy intervention of Lee Administration in the Korean transportation fuel market: high market share of domestic refineries, perceived by the Administration as the result of high market concentration, and asymmetry in price adjustment, perceived as the result of collusion. Domestic refineries, huge in capacity and located at seaports, maintain international competitiveness in price. Considering market openness offering preferential treatment to importers, they set domestic prices competitively on the basis of MOPS prices. Yet, the price competitiveness of domestic refineries is so high that they are able to sustain high market share. We confirm that the Korean before-tax consumer prices of gasoline and diesel are lower than Japan's and the weighted averages of 27 EU countries by as much as 159KRW and 21KRW per liter in the case of gasoline and 170KRW and 63KRW in the case of diesel. Price asymmetry is caused by diverse economic and managerial reasons and, as FTC (2005) states, price asymmetry does not immediately imply exercise of market power or collusion. We analyzed price asymmetry in Korea, Japan and 14 EU countries, and found asymmetry in Korea and 11 EU countries in the case of gasoline and in Korea and 8 EU countries in the case of diesel.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.170-183
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• 2002

Recently it is supposed to be a shift to regional geography. To understand the emergence of the new regional geography, It must be remarked that the progress of capitalist production and consumption change our conceptional apparatus such as representation of space. Region is one of the important mode of representations of space and time. In the Fordist capitalism of 20th century, development is regarded as diffusion of capitalist expansion of western worlds. State must support capitalist growth through regional policies which include constructing of infrastructure and regionalization of spatial division of labour. The regional development theories contributed as ideology and policy tools for state intervention. The region was simply one of the most logical classification tools of organizing geographical informations. In the theories of regional development, the concept of region was reduced to the formal unit of classification. As the transition from Fordism to flexible accumulation, the region is again acquiring its 'identity' and 'authenticity'. In this tendency of the revival of region, it is expected that good achievement could be made in the field of regional geography through relevant research methods. It is also believed one of the available means are historical approaches to the cultural and ecological regions. The historical approaches to cultural and ecological regions are not only correspondent with cultural development strategies of local governments, but also could convey regional identities through both narrativization of place and aestheticization of landscape.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.47
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• pp.74-95
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• 2009

With the digital technical development, the German public broadcasting system has enlarged their online services with the rapid growth of internet population and digital channels. In the debate on online services of public broadcasting systems the major issue is that broadcasting fees finance their broadcast, though they are intended to support mass communication only. Therefore the German private broadcasting claimed to the European Union, that broadcasting fee of the German public had to be regarded as state aid concerning fair competition. Due to the autonomy of the German public broadcasting systems, guaranteed by the German Constitutional Law, a public value test was proposed to the EU and was accepted domestically. The cut in rise of broadcasting fees was stated unconstitutional by the German Constitional Court in 2007, when online services were consolidated as the third media amongst TV and radio with regard to basic provision. This with the public value tests of the public and the accept of the EU's Audio Visual Media Services Directive was constituted in the 12th amendment of the State Contract of Broadcasting. This three-dimensional legislative process could be instructive for the korean process, because Korea too is on the verge of constituting a regulatory system of convergence media.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.36
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• pp.198-230
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• 2006

The aim of the this study is to observer paradoxal phenomenon in media election. The media, especially Television, was traditionally a journalistic operation representing political events on the outside of political camp. But recently, it intervenes to 'the political camp' as the most important method for election campaign. A centripetal of electronic medias making the dominant political space offer an alternative plan which get over the modern crisis of representative democracy. Even though, to the production of the political symbol and the operation of symbol which constitute substantial system of political action, the human being subject is excluded and the technical system of communication make up a govern structure. So it makes the contradictory situation. TV broadcast for election campaigning show well this paradoxal situation. The institutionalization of electoral broadcasting oriented by the State strengthens an immensification, an economical and political efficiency and a transparency of electoral campaign. But the means which controls the mind of public is also strengthened. It relates the production and circulation of the political symbol and the symbolic image restricted by dominator. In conclusion, this study argues that the media election is institutionalized by the instrumental reason(procedural rationality of politics and technological rationality of broadcasting), therefore the candidate take a fragment roles for the production of transcendental political symbol and the voters accommodate to the symbolic images which are foreseen and they judge.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.22
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• pp.77-106
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• 2003

As globalization of communication is going on and as the media have become increasingly central to the world economy, media policy matters have become the province of world economic organizations like the IMF and the WTO. The WTO service negotiation is focused primarily on the discriminatory and quantitative barriers associated with the trade of audiovisual services. Domestic measures such as subsidization, content regulation including quotas, and licensing requirements and restrictions on foreign ownership and control are at issues here. These measures have been successfully implemented by countries wishing to withstand competition from the American audiovisual industry. The debate about trade in audiovisual services is permeated by the unstated assumption that these programs are pure commodities whose production, distribution, exhibition and in turn, values are solely determined by the market forces. It is therefore presumed that liberalization of trade in audiovisual services will benefit all, serving cultural pluralism and diversity as well as economic efficiency. However, this assumption is not shared by developing countries, the recipients of U.S. television material. They argue audiovisual sector requires a social and cultural approach, since it plays a key role in the preservation of people's identity and social bonds. They claim that it is the each state's right to define its media policy and to implement it through the means it considers fit. These clashing views over the nature of the audiovisual material and the ways in which protect cultural pluralism and diversity do not confine to be the realm of theoretical debate. Each state's interest and motivation to protect its local industry and to have a competitive advantage in the international market is working in this battle. Consolidation with the countries like Australia, Canada, and EU nations, in favour of cultural exemption, seems to be the best policy for us. However, we are not entirely free from the WTO pressures, considering relation to the U. S. This study analyzes Korean Broadcasting Law compared with those of other OECD countries and tries to propose some strategical guidelines facing WTO service negotiation in the area of broadcasting.