• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.35-46
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• 2019

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has been evolving to recognize and learn the languages, voice tones, and facial expressions of users so that they can respond to users' emotions in various contexts. Many AI-based services of particular importance in communications with users provide emotional interaction. However, research on nonverbal interaction as a means of expressing emotion in the AI system is still insufficient. We studied the effect of lighting on users' emotional interaction with an AI device, focusing on color and flickering motion. The AI device used in this study expresses emotions with six colors of light (red, yellow, green, blue, purple, and white) and with a three-level flickering effect (high, middle, and low velocity). We studied the responses of 50 men and women in their 20s and 30s to the emotions expressed by the light colors and flickering effects of the AI device. We found that each light color represented an emotion that was largely similar to the user's emotional image shown in a previous color-sensibility study. The rate of flickering of the lights produced changes in emotional arousal and balance. The change in arousal patterns produced similar intensities of all colors. On the other hand, changes in balance patterns were somewhat related to the emotional image in the previous color-sensibility study, but the colors were different. As AI systems and devices are becoming more diverse, our findings are expected to contribute to designing the users emotional with AI devices through lighting.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.115-126
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• 2012

Mashups have become very popular over the last few years, and their use also varies for IT convergency services. In spite of their popularity, there are several challenging issues when combining Open APIs into mashups, First, since portal sites may have a large number of APIs available for mashups, manually searching and finding compatible APIs can be a tedious and time-consuming task. Second, none of the existing portal sites provides a way to leverage semantic techniques that have been developed to assist users in locating and integrating APIs like those seen in traditional SOAP-based web services. Third, although suitable APIs have been discovered, the integration of these APIs is required for in-depth programming knowledge. To solve these issues, we first show that existing techniques and algorithms used for finding and matching SOAP-based web services can be reused, with only minor changes. Next, we show how the characteristics of APIs can be syntactically defined and semantically described, and how to use the syntactic and semantic descriptions to aid the easy discovery and composition of Open APIs. Finally, we propose a goal-directed interactive approach for the dynamic composition of APIs, where the final mashup is gradually generated by a forward chaining of APIs. At each step, a new API is added to the composition.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.119-128
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• 2017

This study estimated the optimal nursing workforce and financial costs of providing comprehensive nursing services at hospitals under the national health insurance system. Data on registered nurses, nursing aids, medical institutions, and number of patients were obtained from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. The optimal size of the nursing workforce was calculated using the workload model. A bottom-up approach was used to estimate the annual total financial cost of comprehensive nursing services. The number of registered nurses and nursing aids would need to be increased by 81.75% and 83.23%, respectively, in order to fully apply comprehensive nursing care on a national scale. The additional financial costs for comprehensive nursing services at all hospitals was estimated to be as much as 110.39% of the current cost. For the comprehensive nursing service, nurses with a career and newcomers need to be retained at their hospitals, and the validity of the nurse-patient ratio should be continuously checked. The financial shock to the national health insurance system could be minimized by gradually extending the system to all hospitals.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.194-202
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• 2016

This study aims to review a topology optimization based on finite element analysis (FEA) for conceptual design of platform in the 10MW class floating type wave-wind hybrid power generation system (WHPGS). Two topology optimization theories, density method (DM) and homogenization design method (HDM) were used to check which one is more effective for a simplified structural design problem prior to the topology optimization of platform of WHPGS. From the results of the simplified design problem, the HDM was applied to the topology optimization of platform of WHPGS. For the conceptual platform design of WHPGS, FEA model was created and then the structural analysis was performed considering offshore environmental loads at installation site. Hydrodynamics analysis was carried out to calculate pressure on platform and tension forces in mooring lines induced from the offshore environmental loads such as design wave and current. Loading conditions for the structural analysis included the analysis results from the hydrodynamic analysis and the weights of WHPGS. Boundary condition was realized using inertia relief method. The topology optimization of WHPGS platform was performed using the HDM, and then the conceptual arrangement of main structural members was suggested. From the results, it was confirmed that the topology optimization might be a useful tool to design the conceptual arrangement of main structural members for a newly developed offshore structure such as the floating type WHPGS.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.393-404
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• 2004

Recently, public home have used a more than two computer connected with network, and several home appliances using independently with internet or network are developing to be related closely with the network. Therefore, the home utilized for a simple terminal of the global network in the past is being expanded to another part of the sub network. For a variety of connecting home-area protocols with the existing existing network, we require a new Residential Gateway(RG) that does not only make the home-area network operating in the sub network but also connects to the external network. In this paper, RG has intrinsic limits against flexible service due to IP address assignment and hardware capacity. In order to solve this problem in the RG, we propose a Management Server(MS). The MS that offers the integrated managements and control services for a variety of devices connected the RG in the home-area. It can not only solve the dynamic IP address assigning problem but also assigns private IP addresses to the home network devices through the Network Address Translation(NAT). It also provides somewhat useful functions for the home network and the RG for other additional services. <중략> The MS is using a SNMP protocol for managing the RG in the domain, a polling method of the MS and the RG compose a sequence polling method, a polling method using a multi-process and a multi-thread. In this paper, we introduce a problem with polling method separately, show a polling method between the MS and the RG using a multi-thread.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.72-77
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• 2017

Lighting systems in modern society has been developed using a combination of IT technology and LED lighting for the purpose of bringing about changes in human-centered natural lighting and to take advantage of the efficient management and energy saving of LED lighting. In this paper, we propose an LED lighting control system that can control the color temperature and brightness of LED lighting composed of 3000K Warm LEDs and 6000K Cool LEDs by using an Arduino Due and wireless communication technology such as Bluetooth and Zigbee. The Arduino Due allows the color temperature of the lighting to be adjusted in several steps by controlling the duty rate and enables many lights to be controlled using Zigbee communication capable of 1: N multiple communication. By using Bluetooth communication, it is possible to easily control the LED lighting by means of a smartphone application, thereby enhancing the convenience for the user. The wireless communication based LED lighting control system implemented in this study cannot only provide human-centered lighting through its color temperature control from 3067K to 5960K and illumination control, but can also reduce the power consumption and be used as a natural-friendly lighting system.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.226-238
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• 2010

OpenSSL is an open-source library implementing SSL that is a secure communication protocol. However, the library has a severe vulnerability that its security information can be easily exposed to malicious software when the library is used in a form of shared library on Linux and UNIX operating systems. We propose a scheme to attack the vulnerability of the OpenSSL library. The scheme injects codes into a running client program to execute the following attacks on the vulnerability in a SSL handshake. First, when a client sends a server a list of cryptographic algorithms that the client is willing to support, our scheme replaces all algorithms in the list with a specific algorithm. Such a replacement causes the server to select the specific algorithm. Second, the scheme steals a key for data encryption and decryption when the key is generated. Then the key is sent to an outside attacker. After that, the outside attacker decrypts encrypted data that has been transmitted between the client and the server, using the specified algorithm and the key. To show that our scheme is realizable, we perform an experiment of collecting encrypted login data that an ftp client using the OpenSSL shared library sends its server and then decrypting the login data.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2010

We propose an interactive projection technique to display details of a large image in a high resolution and brightness by tracking a portable projector. A closed-loop based tracking method is presented to update the projected image while a user changes the position of the detail area by moving the portable projector. A marker is embedded in the large image to indicate the position to be occupied by the detail image projected by the portable projector. The marker is extracted in sequential images acquired by a camera attached to the portable projector. The marker position in the large display image is updated under a constraint that the center positions of marker and camera frame coincide in every camera frame. The image and projective transformation for warping are calculated using the marker position and shape in the camera frame. The marker's four corner points are determined by a four-step segmentation process which consists of camera image preprocessing based on HSI, edge extraction by Hough transformation, quadrangle test, and cross-ratio test. The interactive projection system implemented by the proposed method performs at about 24fps. In the user study, the overall feedback about the system usability was very high.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.127-140
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• 2002

In a spatial database system, the semantic integrity should be supported for maintaining the data consistency. In the real world, spatial objects In boundary layer should always meet neighbor objects, and they cannot hold the same name. This characteristic is an implied concept in real world. So, when this characteristic is disobeyed due to the update operations of spatial objects, it is necessary to maintain the integrity of a layer. In this thesis, we propose a spatial-operation-trigger for supporting the integrity of spatial objects. The proposed method is defined a spatial-operation-trigger based on SQL-3 and executed when the constraint condition is violated. A spatial-operation-trigger have the strategy of execution. Firstly, for one layer, the spatial and aspatial data triggers are executed respectively. Secondly, the aspatial data trigger for the other layers is executed. Spatial-operation-trigger for one layer checks whether the executed operation updates only spatial data, aspatial data, or both of them, and determines the execution strategy of a spatial-operation-trigger. Finally, the aspatial data trigger for the other layers is executed. A spatial-operation-trigger is executed in three steps for the semantic integrity of the meet-property of spatial objects. And, it provides the semantic integrity of spatial objects and the convenience for users using automatic correcting operation.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.125-140
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• 2018

As one of the processes in the manufacturing industry, quality inspection inspects the intermediate products or final products to separate the good-quality goods that meet the quality management standard and the defective goods that do not. The manual inspection of quality in a mass production system may result in low consistency and efficiency. Therefore, the quality inspection of mass-produced products involves automatic checking and classifying by the machines in many processes. Although there are many preceding studies on improving or optimizing the process using the data generated in the production process, there have been many constraints with regard to actual implementation due to the technical limitations of processing a large volume of data in real time. The recent research studies on big data have improved the data processing technology and enabled collecting, processing, and analyzing process data in real time. This paper aims to propose the process and details of applying big data for quality inspection and examine the applicability of the proposed method to the dairy industry. We review the previous studies and propose a big data analysis procedure that is applicable to the manufacturing sector. To assess the feasibility of the proposed method, we applied two methods to one of the quality inspection processes in the dairy industry: convolutional neural network and random forest. We collected, processed, and analyzed the images of caps and straws in real time, and then determined whether the products were defective or not. The result confirmed that there was a drastic increase in classification accuracy compared to the quality inspection performed in the past.