• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.233-246
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• 2020

After the COVID-19 crisis, the world's terrain has changed completely to the extent that it has been divided before and after Corona. We are living in the era of new normals, things we never thought of before Corona19, such as wearing masks everywhere, maintaining social distance, sitting on one side in the cafeteria, and online face-to-face classes. Perhaps the most seriously affected by the COVID-19 incident is the church. How should the church respond to the various problems caused by COVID-19? This study intends to re-examine the five essential missions of the church in the post-Corona19 era. The five essences are the three essential functions of the intangible church: didake (teaching), kerygma (declaration), diakonia (service), and the two essential functions of the tangible church: koinonia (association) and leiturgia (worship). Of these, koinonia and leiturgia are the most seriously threatened by the restraint of face-to-face worship in the incident of COVID-19. In times of crisis, the church needs to strengthen its vertical koinonia with God in order to perform its didake function well and increase the efficiency of the horizontal koinonia among believers. However, in the situation where face-to-face worship is desired due to social distance, teaching and proclaiming the Bible is the most important part. For this, it is considered that a specialized ministry is needed to produce high quality contents.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.579-591
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• 2024

Recently, church organizations are experiencing various problems, including a sharp decline in the number of members. This study focused on the problem of lack of communication, that is, organizational silence, which is commonly pointed out in previous studies as a problem of church organizations, and empirically analyzed the relationship between organizational silence, organizational cynicism, and organizational commitment within church organizations. For this purpose, a questionnaire was distributed to 210 members of churches and related organizations from May to June 2023, of which 202 copies were used as analysis data. SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 were used to perform frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, structural equation model analysis, and bootstrapping to verify mediation effects. As a result of the study, organizational silence had a negative effect on organizational cynicism, and organizational cynicism had a negative effect on organizational commitment. Although organizational silence did not have a direct negative effect on organizational commitment, it was found to have a negative effect mediated by organizational cynicism. This study expanded the scope of the study by applying variables from organizational theory to church organizations, and presented practical implications through the research results to church organizations.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.78
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• pp.21-55
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• 2024

Purpose of study: The purpose of this study is to examine the crisis situation of Christian education experienced by Korean churches and theological education institutions after the COVID-19 pandemic, and to seek new tasks and directions that Korean churches should prepare for the recovery and growth of Christian education. Research Contents and Methods: Before reviewing the current crisis experienced by Korean churches and theological education institutions after the COVID-19 pandemic, the terms and concepts of Christian education are first reflected. In addition, the causes and phenomena of the Korean church and Christian education crisis after the COVID-19 Pandemic are examined through statistics, media, and church field data. The researcher identified the causes of the crisis experienced by Korean churches and theological education institutions as follows: 1. The influence of COVID-19 Pandemic: suspension of faith and educational activities, 2. The age of population cliffs: increase in the elderly vs. decrease in young people, 3. Neoliberalism: marketism, infinite competition, efficiency, winner-take-all, 4. post-religious era: post-Christianity, weakened communitarianism, and reduced number of Christians. The results of this study are four points as follows: 1. Crisis of church education: suspension of operation of Sunday school and feeling of failure, 2. Crisis of faith of young generation: nurturing unstable future church leaders, 3. Faith of adult generation: crisis and hope, 4. The faith of the elderly generation: light and shadow. Conclusion and Recommendations: The new task and direction of Christian education that Korean churches should pursue after the COVID-19 pandemic are as follows: 1. New conversion of Sunday school faith education: From schooling-paradigm education to faith education that integrates family and generation. 2. New conversion of theological education: From knowledge education to spirituality training. 3. Re-ignition of faith education for middle-aged adults: Activation of faith through worship and small groups, 4. New conversion of church elder education: The need to change from caring objects to creative religious life.

• Korean Architects
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• no.3 s.323
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• pp.88-89
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• 1996

현 포이동 성당은 가설건물로 지어져 있어 교우들의 신앙생활과 천교활동에 적지않은 어려움이 있었다. 천주교 서울대교구 포이동 교회는 이에 대지를 보다 효율적으로 활용하고 적절한 공간으로 새로이 조성할 목적으로 현상설계경기를 실시, 지난해 6월 최종 당선작을 확정, 발표하였다. 총 15개 사무소가 참여한 이번 설계경기의 최우수작에는 연미건축(손웅익)안이 선정되었다.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.67-78
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• 2020

Honesty is an attribute of God, and the Bible says that God is pleased, praises, and blesses honest people. However, false and hypocrisy is overflowing and honesty is being weakened in Korean society and the church. In this regard, we need to understand the level of honesty and ethical consciousness of youth and adults (workers) in Korea, and how to spread honesty in Korean society in order for the Korean church to restore its essence and play the role of light and salt in the world. To this end, We analyzed the honest ethical consciousness of Korean youth and adults (workers) by using the results of the Korean Honest Index survey conducted by the researchers at the Ethics Center of the Transparent Society Movement Headquarters of the Heungsadan in 2019. In addition, through Focus Group Interview (FGI) of 12 pastors who are practicing the honesty movement in the Korean church, we analyzed pastors' opinions on what the Korean church should do and what role it should play in order to raise the honesty ethical consciousness of Korean society. We hope that it will be an opportunity to recognize the seriousness of the honest and ethical consciousness of Korean society, and to take an active role in helping the Korean church return to the spirit of Koramdeo and spread the honest kingdom and righteousness of God in Korean society through this study.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.2 s.64
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• pp.173-182
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• 2006

In church building, the worship space performing practical rituals and making a place of friendship and education has a role to accept the changing services with the times. And it is also distinguishable from the chaotic surroundings and is the space for religious experience of christian identity we cannot experience in our daily life. Therefore it is very important to investigate its characteristic as the space for religious experience. The important purpose of church building is to make up a worship space, and the chancel in worship space is said to be the core in church building, the center of all worship acts. Especially, today with the tendency of multi-functionalizing and opening in worship space, the chancel in worship space has a more special meaning as spatial, functional and symbolic center. The purpose of this study, with the worship space in domestic protestant churches, is to make up basic data for the worship space plan and interiordesign in church building by analyzing the characteristics of interior design for chancel, the core field of worship space. This study has researched the constituentcharacteristics of interior design for the chancel in worship space in domestic protestant churches in 10 years from 1995 to 2004. And found the worship space opening and multi-functionalizing with the changing times. From now on, the study on interior design for creative worship space should be researched positively for the purpose of expressing the christian identity and the opening and muti-functions, on the basis of christian theology.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.64
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• pp.173-202
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• 2020

This study was conducted in order to investigate the structural relationship bewteen the learning participation motive effect on servant leadership in the church family ministry program and the sense of community. First, analyizing previous studies, a structural model was developed. Then, in the effort of verifying the structural model, 607 responses out of 700 questionnaires distributed into nationwide churches and institutes participating in church family ministry program were collected as target data. Informations on learning participation motive, servant leadership, and sense of community were collected through the questionnaires after the church family ministry program. In order to study the structural relationship between the servant leadership effect on learning participation motive and the sense of community, the collected data were analyzed according to structure equation model analylsis. As a result, the structural model this study suggested was found proper. Accordingly, it was verified that the sense of community carrying the effect of intrinsic and extrinsic motives, two of learning participation motives, affected servant leadership. Also, it was verified that the subfactors of the sense of community played important role in enhancing servant leadership in cause and effect relationship between learning participating motive and servant leadership. Therefore, in church family ministry program, it can be suggested that moderating sense of community under the consideration of participants' intrinsic and extrinsic motives makes moderating the level of learning participation motive possible.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.2 s.61
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• pp.242-252
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• 2007

성당은 인간의 세계와 신의 세계를 연결해주는 영역적 전환의 성격을 갖는 건축물이다. 그리고 이곳에서 벌어지는 찬송과 주문 등의 일련의 예배의식과정은 신의 영역으로의 전환을 위함이라고 할 수 있다. 전통적으로 성당에서의 예배는 성직자들의 의식 진행과정이 신도들에게 잘 드러나지 않도록 배치되어왔다. 성직자와 일반신도는 철저히 구별되고 그 거리를 최대로 하는 건축계획이 이루어져왔는데 이것은 예배의 의식과정이 보다 신비스럽고 경외의 대상이 됨으로서 신권을 보다 확고히 하기 위한 의도로 풀이될 수 있다. 그러나 모더니즘의 탄생과 더불어 시작된 자유화는 사회의 각 분야를 변화시키고 성당에서도 예전의 신권 중심의 예배의식에서 벗어나, 보다 인간적인 의식으로의 전환이 정착되기에 이르렀다. 신도는 보다 적극적으로 예배의식에 참여할 수 있게 되고 예배의식 이후에는 신도들의 인간적 교류를 증진하는 다양한 활동이 제공되었다. 이러한 상황 하에서 전통적 형태의 영국성당은 매우 성스럽고 예배를 위한 좋은 환경을 제공하고 있는데 비하여 모더니즘 이후의 성당은 현대 성당이 요구하는 예배 후의 다양한 활동을 수용한다는 생각이 지배적이었다. 본 연구는 이러한 일반적 견해에 대한 보다 과학적 분석 및 해석을 위하여 스페이스 신택스 기법을 사용하여 정량적 접근을 시도하였고 다양한 문헌고찰을 통하여 이에 대한 보다 면밀한 정성적 분석을 시도하였는데 그 결과 이에 대한 일반적 견해와는 반대로 전통적 형태의 성당이 예배후의 다양한 활동에 적합한데 비하여 현대적 형태의 성당은 예배의식에 보다 적합하다는 것으로 판명되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean DIstribution Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.207-226
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• 2006

우리 사회는 정보화와 다원화로 빠르게 변화하고 있다. 경제현상도 변화하고 마케팅의 기법도 다기해지고 있다. 네트워크마케팅(NWM)이란 다단계마케팅(MLM)과 통용되는 개념으로 직접마케팅(Direct Marketing) 기법 중의 하나로 비교적 새로운 유통방법이다. 피라미드와 혼동되어 한 때 비판의 대상이었던 네트워크 마케팅이 실정법에 근거한 새로운 경제활동의 하나로 국민경제에 기능하게 되었다. 올바른 네트워크 마케팅과 실정법에 대한 이해가 필요하며 경제활동의 하나인 이 분야에도 하나님의 주권과 방법이 실현될 필요가 있다. 이 사업에 참여한 성도들은 주님의 피로 사신 교회의 목적에 충실한 행동과 성숙한 신앙인의 자세와 태도로 임할 필요가 있다. 무엇보다도 자신의 재정적 능력범위에서 사업에 참여하는 것이 바람직하다. 일확천금이나 일시에 거금을 번다는 사실과 다른 선전에 현혹되지 말고 자기 자금이나 적정수준의 자본금으로 사업에 참여하는 것이 요구된다. 현행 방문판매법은 교사나 공무원 등의 우월적 지위를 이용하여 상대방에게 다단계 판매를 강요하는 것을 금지하고 있다. 교회에서도 교회 본래의 목적인 복음 전파와 예배 등의 활동과 상치되거나 방해해서는 곤란할 것이다. 자기의 구원과 삶이 바로 서고 이웃을 돌아보아 사랑을 실천하며 복음을 전파하고, 살아서 하나님의 나라를 이 땅에 구현하고 죽어 천국에서 주님과 함께하는 성숙한 신앙생활에 근거해야 할 것이다. 교회도 네트워크마케팅에 대한 바른 이해가 필요하며, 관련 교리에 대한 정확한 이해와 적용이 요구된다고 할 수 있다. 네트워크마케팅에 대한 실정법이 제정되어 있고 현실에 맞게 수차례 개정되어 오고 있으므로 이에 대한 바른 이해가 요청된다. 또한 과학의 발전에 중세의 교회가 이해를 새롭게 한 것처럼, 경제 현상의 변화에 대해서도 통전적인 이해가 요구된다. 이 세상은 근본적으로 하나님이 창조한 세상이기 때문에 이 세상 자체를 악하다고 볼 수 없고 더구나 구원을 이 세상에서의 이탈로 볼 수 없다. 진정한 구원이란 원래 하나님이 보시기에 아름다웠던 그 세상으로의 회복을 포함한다. 이런 면에서 하나님 주권 신앙 하에서 구원이란 전 인격적인 구원, 전 우주적인 구원이 된다. 그렇기 때문에 성도는 세상의 삶과 학문, 예술, 정치, 경제, 사회를 포함한 모든 분야를 하나님의 뜻 가운데서 그 원래의 목적에 부합할 수 있도록 회복시키는 일에 적극 참여해야 한다.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-30
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• 2020

Recently, in the conservative wave in Latin America, the political participation of the conservative Pentecostal Church has been highlighted. This article analyzes the impact of this political participation on democracy and its development, based on the case of Brazil. First, the Pentecostal churches contributed greatly to religious pluralism, but show an exclusive and aggressive attitude toward other religions and ideologies. Also, in the process of selecting official candidates, most members of the churches are politically mobilized according to the unilateral decisions of the leadership, and these elected candidates serve the specific corporatist interests of their own denomination or church rather than the public interest. In addition, the purpose of political participation to obtain public offices is also a stumbling block to the development of democracy in Brazil by placing it in the direct realization of a specific religious interests or values of the rebuilding of the Christian kingdom.