• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.135-149
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• 2003

This study aimed to develop an observation scale for assessing the quality of day care programs and to examine reliability and validity of the scale. Instruments included 3 self-assessment scales, the Evaluation Scale for Early Childhood Programs and an observation scale completed by 8 trained observers in 89 day care sites. Item analysis indicated that most items were acceptable in terms of item discrimination and item response distribution. Cronbach ${\alpha}^{\prime}s$ and inter-observer reliability were relatively high. Validity of the scale was evidenced by correlations between the observation scale and the criterion measure and inter-correlations among sub-areas of the observation scale. Scores on the observation scale were validated by quality ratings from self-assessment scores.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.477-488
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• 2005

Fossil photographs in science and earth science textbooks on the 7th curriculum including those of elementary, middle and high school, are analyzed to estimate the adequacy and scientific significance focusing on the locality and scale. The results show that most of the textbooks have included various types of fossil photographs: 32 in elementary textbooks, 50 in middle school and 109 in high school. However, the presentation of scientific information on each photographs is insufficient. Only $68\%$ of the elementary textbooks designates locality and only $6\%$ includes scales. Among middle and high school textbooks, 40 and $16\%$ of photographs describe locality, and 14 and $18\%$ of photographs exhibit scale, respectively. More scientific and appropriate presentation of fossil photographs, such as locality and scale, is needed to enhance educational effect.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.817-836
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• 2015

This research focuses on the development of gifted child behavior checklist which feasibly has application on the nation-wide gifted children observation-recommendation method. Corresponding measure has significance as it reflects actual observations of teachers teaching gifted children first-hand and involves measure of importance regarding each characteristic. An open survey on gifted children behavior characteristics lists and specific behavior patterns has been acquired from teachers in gifted education, and the checklist was developed through expert group review, pre-test, and confirmatory factor analysis process. The former checklists have shown several difficulties on application of observation-recommendation on the field due to behaviors that can't be observed in school, less important behaviors, and collide and duplicate behaviors etc. With regard to such problems, problematic clauses were removed based on the observation probability and importance of the behaviors. Ultimately, total of 32 behavior characteristic checklist consisting of ten sub factors(logical thinking, high achievement, originality, perfectionism, creative problem solving, curiosity, task commitment, conversation ability, creativity, passion) and two to three questions on each factor had been drawn. Through internal consistency test and item-total score correlation, each item of the measure has been analyzed to be consistently evaluating corresponding variables. In addition, the result of confirmatory factor analysis showed every item to be weighed appropriately on its sub-factor, strongly suggesting its feasibility on observation-recommendation of elementary gifted children as an appropriate checklist.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.835-855
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive validity of behaviroal characteristics checklists that are widely used in Korea for identifying mathematically gifted students. Three most widely used checklists were selected and implemented to classroom teachers who could teach and observe gifted students in regular classes. The predictive validity of the tree checklists were explored by generating the correlations between their ratings using those three checklists and the performance levels of gifted students, which were measured by teachers in gifted classes. Findings of this study are the followings: First, all three checklists could statistically significantly predict the performance of gifted students in gifted programs, and the checklist B showed the highest predictability. Secondly, without the assistance by those checklists, teachers could not predict the performance level of gifted students. Lastly, teachers that were trained for educating gifted students could very effectively predict the performance of gifted students with the aid of those checklists while teachers without appropriate training could not at all even with the aid of those checklists.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.141-159
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• 2013

This study was conducted in order to develop an observation scale for analyzing the responses of child and therapist in child-centered play therapy in terms of item discrimination, validity, and reliability. The observation scale was developed on the basis of child-centered play therapy literature, the author's experience of child-centered play therapy, the observation of video tapes of play therapy session, and discussions with child-centered play therapy experts. The participants in this study were 54 children aged from 4 to 9 years old who have emotional and behavioral problems, and 7 therapists who consult with the children. The reliability of factors, as measured by inter-rater reliability and Cronbach's', ranged from .72 to .77. The results of factor analysis identified 2 factors and 21 items associated with the reponses of the children, and 2 factors and 19 items associated with the responses of the therapists. The significant factors identified were as follows; (1) the child's response style; (2) the child's response content (adaptability, initiation, structuring, flexibility); (3) the therapist's response style, and (4) the therapist's response content (facilitative response, structuring, nonfacilitative response). In conclusion, these results demonstrated that the observation scale provides a valid and reliable means of analyzing the responses of child and therapist in child-centered play therapy.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2008

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the norepinephrine(NET) transporter T-182C polymorphism and anxiety-related traits in Korean adolescent females. Methods : One hundred sixty-nine Korean adolescent females were tested for the NET T-182C polymorphism by PCR based methods; anxiety-related traits were evaluated using the anxiety sensitivity index(ASI) and the trait form of the Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety inventory(STAI-T). Results : Scores of anxiety related traits were not different between genotypes. Comparison between T allele carries and non carriers revealed no significant difference. Conclusion : These findings suggest that the NET T-182C polymorphism is not associated with anxiety-related traits in Korean female adolescents.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.17-28
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• 1999

Systematic distortions in perceived 3-D shape were obtained for elliptical and parabolic stereoscopic surfaces viewed at different distances under full and reduced cue conditions. In both conditions of Experiments 1 and 3, elliptical hemi-cylinders a appeared near veridical at the 45 cm viewing distances and flattened up to 74% of veridical at 135 cm. In Experiment 2, under full cue conditions, parabolic hemi-cylinders a appeared stretched to 118% of veridical at 45 cm, near veridical at 90 cm, and flattened to 85% of veridical at 135 cm. Under reduced cue conditions parabolas appeared flatter overall: veridical curvature was obtained at 45 cm viewing distance with flatness increasing to 68% of veridical at 135 cm. Results support a scaling explanation of perceived 3-D shape from disparity and rule out the alternative hypothesis that disparity curvature, an optical invariant, provides information for the direct perception of 3-D s shape.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.167-183
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable infant observation scale based on the national curriculum for childcare centers. The study was carried out using the final draft of the Infant Observation Scale for 1 year old infants. The scale consists of 42 items in 6 areas. Whereas the final draft of the Infant Observation Scale for 2 year old infants consists of 52 items in 6 areas. The subjects of this observation scale were 120 infants from the city of Busan. The results of the Infant Observation Scale for the 1 year old infant analysis for the purpose of test adequacy indecates that the internal consistency reliability is from .88 to .97. The results of the Infant Observation Scale for 2 year old infant analysis for test adequacy shows that the internal consistency reliability is from .76 to .97.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2008

Personality characteristics of BMS patients were alalyzed psychologically by using the SCL-90-R. 59 BMS patient were subjected at Orofacial pain clinic, Department Of Oral Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital during the period from 2006 to 2007. The control group were subjected at dental clinic during the same period. 1. BMS patients group, Dental new patient group, Adult citizen groups were within normal range. 2. The T-scores of HOS, PHOB,PAR, PSY in BMS patient groups was significantly low. 3. The mean T-scores of male in BMS patients group shows the lowest HOS scale, the mean T-scores of female in BMS patient group shows the lowest PHOB scale. 4. The mean T-scores of female in BMS patients group show higher SOM, O-C, DEP, ANX, PSY scales. 5. As compared with the mean T-scores of acute and chronic group in BMS patients, there was no significant difference of the scales.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

Emotion recognition is defined as that machines automatically recognize human emotions. Because the human emotions is very subjective, it is impossible to measure objectively. Therefore, the goal of emotion recognition is to obtain a measure that is agreed by as many people as possible. Emotion recognition in a image is implemented as the method that matches human emotions to the various features of the image. In the paper, we propose an emotion recognition system using color features of clothing image based on the Kobayashi's image scale. The proposed system stores colors of image scale into a database. And extracted major colors from a input clothing image are compared with those in the database. The proposed system can obtain three emotions maximally. In order to evaluate the system performance 70 observers are tested. The test results shows that recognized emotions of the proposed system are very similar to the observers emotions.