• Communications of the Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineers
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.17-22
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• 2002

만약 사용자가 원하는 멀티미디어 콘텐츠를 원하는 시간에 TV를 통해서 볼 수 있게 된다면, 다시 말해서 보고 싶을 때, 보고 싶은 방송을 포함한 멀티미디어 콘텐츠를 원하는 시간에 바로 볼 수 있게 된다면 사용자는 방송시간에 맞추어 TV를 보지 않아도 되고 원하는 콘텐츠를 검색하느라 시간을 보낼 필요도 없어질 것이다. 예약 녹화의 경우에는 시간정보를 가지고 미리 예약을 해야 하는 경우이므로 이와는 다른 경우라 하겠다. 이러한 서비스는 바로 디지털 콘텐츠와 이를 가정에서 저장할 수 있는 장치의 발달이 바탕이 되고 있다.(표 1 생략, 원문이미지 참조) 표 1은 영국의 BBC사에서 1998년에 조사한 자료로 디지털 멀티미디어 데이터를 저장하고 재생할 수 있는 저장장치의 가격과 용량의 전망을 나타낸다. 여기에서 데이터는 5.5 Mbps급의 MPEG-2 스트림을 기준으로 하였다. 표 1에서 보수적 견해는 매 18개월마다, 현실적 견해는 매 10개월마다 동일 가격의 용량이 2배가 되는 것으로 계산한 것이다. 여기서 보듯 저장장치의 가격 대비 성능이 갈수록 나아지고 있어 가정에서 멀티미디어 콘텐츠를 저장할 수 있는 가정용 서버의 등장이 멀지 않았음을 보여준다. 1999년 가을에 활동을 접은 DAVIC의 마지막 활동이 바로 이러한 저장장치를 이용한 "TV Anytime Service"였다 . Anytime Ser vice란 저장장치를 통해 사용자가 원하는 콘텐츠를 저장해 놓았다가 사용자가 원하는 시간에 언제나 볼 수 있다는 개념이다. 이를 소비자관점에서 보면 Personalized service라고 할 수 있다. 이어 1999년 여름에 창설이 된 "TV Anytime Forum"이라는 단체에서 이러한 저장장치를 이용한 서비스를 위한 환경을 구축하고 있다. TV Anytime Forum은 가정에서 저장장치가 있는 단말인 PDR(Personal Digital Recorder)을 이용한 서비스, 즉 Anytime Service 위한 응용을 가능하게 하기위한 콘텐트 개발자에서부터 가전기기에 이르는 분야에서 Interoperable한 규격을 만들어 보자는 것이 그 목적이다. 특히 여러가지 디지털미디어 전달방식, 예를 들어 DVB, ATSC, ARIB 등에 독립적인 규격을 만드는 것을 원칙으로 하고 있다. 1999년 7월에 첫 번째 회의를 하면서 설립이 되었다. 2001년 말 기준으로 BBC, NHK, Microsoft, Sony, IBM, Phillips, NTT, Intel, Canal+, Tivo, 대우전자, 삼성전자, LG전자, KETI, ETRI 등 콘텐츠 사업자, 방송업자, 네트웍 사업자, 가전업체, 소프트웨어 개발회상에 이르기까지 총 157개 회원사로 구성되어 있으며 년 6회 회의를 개최한다. 2000년 11월에는 서울에서 회의를 개최하였으며 2003년 6월에 다시 한국에서 개최하기로 확정되어 있다. 본 글에서는 이러한 Anytime Service 환경이 구축되었을 때의 각 산업별로 얻을 수 있는 이득에 대해서 알아보고 TV Anytime Forum의 각 Working Group들의 작업 내용들, 그리고 지난 1월에 열렸던 15차 회의의 결과들에 대해서 살펴보고 국내의 TV Anytime 활동에 대해서 간단하게 소개하고 마치도록 하겠다. 현재 디지털 방송기술, 비디오 스트리밍 기술이나 MPEG 등과 같은 기술수준으로도 충분히 이러한 서비스를 시작할 수 있으며 소비자들도 이러한 욕구를 서서히 느끼고 있다. 정보와 서비스를 선택할 수 있게 만들자는 목표를 설정하고 있다. 이러 목표는 통신$.$컴퓨터$.$멀티미디어 기술발전으로 가능하게 되었다.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.130-138
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate perceptions of high school students and science teachers about high school fusing science. Science teachers and high school students perceived that high school fusing science was related to various areas and they preferred to be taught separately from each area. Science teachers perceived that high school fusing science improved the understanding in the area of scientific common knowledge, advanced technology, and the history of science, but neither scientific writing nor discussion were actively involved. It also didn't contribute to the enhancement of scientific thinking and communication skill. Especially, high school students believed that they were more interested in science through fusing science. On the other hand, teachers believed that this high school fusing science might not impact student's learning and generate negative perception. Science teachers and students perceived that they were more interested in fusing science because it was combination of many areas in science. They also perceived that contents in fusing science were more related to their daily life.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.137-146
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine the causes of errors from EGR posture on the balance beam, which is bending flick-flack salto backward stretched national team players through kinematic analysis, and present training methods for them so as to provide scientifically useful information to coaches and athlete. Findings from this study are summarized below. The most important factors that affect the errors in boyd center position and speed change were the speed change of left and right body centers and the horizontal and vertical speed changes. The left and right acceleration changes were greater in failed posture than in successful posture. The horizontal and vertical accelerations in E3 and E5 were the key factors that affected the backward somersault and landing. The angular speed changes which varied between success and failure were notable in head and shoulder joints. In individual results. The section when the angular speeds of head and shoulder joint must be the greatest was E4. In this section, when the body is extending instantly in a bent posture, increasing the angular speeds of head, shoulder and hip joints can improve the duration of staying in the air and the rotation radius of a somersault.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.102-115
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• 2024

Painted Cultural heritage uses various materials such as paper, silk, wood, soil, and lime as a base layer to draw on using ink sticks and express lines or colors using various colorants. The importance of underdrawings is emphasized when it comes to replication and preservation, as they can reveal the original drawing. Investigations using infrared have been extensively conducted to detect underdrawings. However, there has been a paucity of research on the influence of underdrawing detection according to the base layer. In this study, the effect of the base layer materials on underdrawing detection in painted cultural heritage was confirmed using an infrared camera and hyperspectral camera (900 to 1700 nm). The study samples marked '檢' with ink below the color layer (cinnabar, orpiment, malachite, azurite, white lead, and red lead) by the base layer materials: Paper (Dakji, indigo/Dakji), silk (silk, silk/white lead), wood (celadonite/wood), soil (celadonite/soil), and lime. The difference in the effect on underdrawing detection was minimal for paper and silk, and no significant differences were found between Dakji and indigo/Dakji, or between silk and silk/white lead. However, we found that celadonite/wood, celadonite/soil, and lime have a significant impact on underdrawing detection. In particular, for wood and soil painted with celadonite, underdrawings were not detected for all six color layers. In the case of lime, it was found that all color layers except malachite had a more positive effect on underdrawing detection. The findings of this study will aid in selecting the appropriate method for underdrawing analysis in the restoration of painted cultural heritage.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.385-399
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• 2001

In this study, the contexts and values of the movement called 'Science and Citizenship' during the 1930-50s are discussed in relation to the historical development of school science education in Britain and to the current STS movement in school science. A special attention is given to the activities and ideas of a then eminent biologist, Lancelot Hogben(1895-1975) who published a textbook-like science book, called "Science for the Citizen"(1938). From the beginning of the 20th century, there was a growing realization that British education system needed to be changed in order to provide school science teaching to a wider audience with more emphasis on the relevance, industrial and humanistic aspects of science. This was echoed by a lecture series called 'Science and Citizenship' which was reported in the School Science Review, then the only nationwide professional journal for science educators and by a group of professional scientists who had socialist ideas toward society. Hogben was one of the key member of the group and delivered the second lecture of 'Science and Citizenship', titled "Biological Instruction and education for Citizenship". Hogben's main idea, illustrated in this lecture as well as in "Science for the Citizen", was that science education should be a way of teaching citizen for promoting democratic society and to achieve that science need to be taught in more integrated, utilitarian and humanistic manners, for example by showing the usefulness, relevance, historical and democratic aspects of science. In addition, a summary of his own life and activities, the social background and socialist scientists of the time, and comparisons between 'Science and Citizenship' movement and the General Science movement in the UK as well as the progressive science education in the USA, and the STS education movement in 1980s are discussed.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.131-149
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to suggest faculty status for academic librarians in Korea. This will assure the efficient use of academic librarians as human resources for university libraries. To do this, this study reviewed precedent literaturer. Also, the study looked at qualified academic librarians that could be endowed faculty status. Questionnaires were performed and opinions between professor groups and librarian groups were compared. On every question, the two groups responded positively although there were some differences in agreement level on the above questions. Endowing faculty status to academic librarians, who work in university libraries, acts as a motivation, will help to increase the ability of librarians, and increase service quality. This will eventually contribute developing better education and research.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.759-766
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• 2020

In recent years, the maritime traffic environment has been changing in various ways, and the traffic volume has been increasing constantly. Accordingly, the requirements for maritime traffic analysis have become diversified. To this end, traffic characteristics must first be analyzed using vessel trajectory data. However, as the conventional method is mostly manual, it requires a considerable amount of time and effort, and errors may occur during data processing. In addition, ensuring the reliability of the analysis results is difficult, because this method considers the subjective opinion of analysts. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an automated method of traffic network generation for maritime traffic analysis. In the experiment, spatiotemporal features are analyzed using data collected at Mokpo Harbor over six months. The proposed method can automatically generate a traffic network reflecting the traffic characteristics of the experimental area. In addition, it can be applied to a large amount of trajectory data. Finally, as the spatiotemporal characteristics can be analyzed using the traffic network, the proposed method is expected to be used in various maritime traffic analyses.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.198-209
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• 2011

In this study, pre-service science teachers' reflective thinking in their journal writing was investigated. To do this, the authors used pre-service science teachers' journal writing abilities, wherein they not only reported data and result formally, but also wrote their feelings and reflections about an inquiry-based physics experiment they performed. Pre-service science teachers' writings were decomposed into sentences and each sentence was analyzed into a framework with 4 dimensions: knowledge, procedure, orientation and attitude. Reflective thinking in knowledge dimension included reflection on what they know before the experiment, what they still do not know and what they learned from the experiment. Reflective thinking in procedure dimension included recalls of experiences about general experimental procedures and specific experimental skill. Reflective thinking in orientation dimension included their views about the nature of science and science teaching and learning, and reflective thinking in attitude dimension consisted of interests, motives and values about the experiment they performed. While there were some variations in frequency distribution of reflective thinking by the topic of experiments, pre-service science teachers' reflective thinking in journal writings revealed their metacognition on their knowledge and learning, epistemological belief about science and science learning, and affective domain related to experiment. This study can infer that such kind of writing with 'their own language' in an informal way followed by formal 'scientific' reports in a scientific experiment has a significance not only as a mediator representing reflective thinking but also as an instructional activity to facilitate reflective thinking in science learning and teaching.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.354-368
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to explore the direction of application and quality management plan of science curriculum of elementary and middle school according to the 2009 revised curriculum. In order to do this, nationwide survey was administered. The subject was 126 elementary school teachers and 88 middle school science teachers. It was founded that teachers had negative opinion on the introduction of the grade cluster system. They considered that it was appropriate to link the contents of Science subject with Practical Arts(Technology Home Economics) subject by similar topic. Science classes were implemented without changing the number of class hours in most schools. They recognized the necessity of differentiated instruction in science classes, but they seldom applied the differentiated instruction. And they suggested that the teaching-learning materials, evaluation materials and contents be provided to apply the STEAM. This study designates the following strategic supports for the effective implementation of 2009 revised science curriculum; 1) the science teachers training program to provide useful information for understanding and teaching the 2009 revised science curriculum, 2) the teachers' community in the school, 3) the development and provision of the feasible STEAM plans.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.515-534
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• 2017

본 연구는 Kingdon의 다중흐름모형(MSF: Multiple Stream Framework)을 통하여 정부연구개발예산 중 미래성장동력 부문에 대한 예산결정 과정을 살펴보았다. 연구 대상은 대통령 의지로 의제가 발기된 정책의제 국가전략프로젝트이며 비합리적 의사결정에 대한 견제수단으로 활용되는 예비타당성조사가 예산의 결정단계로 이어지는 일련의 과정을 살펴보았다. 연구의의는 3개 흐름에서 행해지는 비합리적 의사결정 케이스를 확인하고, 정부 R&D 사업의 예산결정과정에서 온-오프 스위치 역할을 하고 있는 게이트 키퍼(gate keeper)인 사업 평가자(PM), 구체적 사업계획안을 만드는 부처의 사업기획자, 그리고 자문역할을 하는 전문가집단을 정책혁신가로 바라볼 수 있다는 의의를 발견했다. 공공부문의 정책혁신가는 사업을 기획한 부처와 같이 자기(부처)이익을 추구하지는 않지만 공공가치를 추구하는 독립적인 위치에 있었고, 어느 일면에는 과학기술분야의 성장과 발전을 바라고 있었다. 다시 말해, 연구는 정책혁신가라는 존재가 특정한 개인 또는 집단일 뿐만 아니라 2개 집단 이상의 복수의 정책혁신가가 있을 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다. 특히, 예비타당성조사에서 PM이 흐름 간의 중개를 상향적 직접적으로 수행하지 않지만, 하향적으로 사업기획자 등 주체들 간 의견을 조정하고 합의를 이끌어 내는 모습은 중요 활동을 하고 있음이 확인되었다. 연구는 정책혁신가의 새로운 형태를 발견하였지만, 정책결정의 전 주기가 아닌 정부예산 이후 국회예산이라는 특정 시기를 대상으로 하였는데, 분석 과정에서 예산과 시간의 제약으로 사업기획을 담당했던 부처 및 기재부공무원, 해당기술 분야 연구자, 국회 관계자 등 관련 주체들의 견해를 고루 담아내지 못한 아쉬움이 있다. 향후 다양한 참여자들의 의견을 수렴할 수 있다면 정책 결정 과정에 정책혁신가의 다층적(Multiple) 존재 여부와 특성을 면밀히 들여다 볼 수 있을 것이다.