• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.43-52
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• 2018

In this study, annual site and primary energy use intensities (EUIs) and CO2 emission intensities (CEIs) per area by end use were estimated based on the measurement data from June 2016 to May 2017 of 50 sample apartment units in Seoul. In addition, estimated site EUIs by end use were compared to the U.S. Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) 2009 data. Site EUIs by end use were found to be in the order of heating > electric appliance > domestic hot water > cooking > lighting > cooling > air movement. In the case of primary EUIs and CEIs by end use, electric appliance was found to be the largest. As results of comparison with the RECS 2009 data, it was found that site EUIs were very similar for heating, domestic hot water and electric appliance, etc., but slightly different for cooling. The number of sample apartment units will continue to increase until 2020 (total number of samples 200) and intensities data by end use will be continuously updated through continuous collection of measurement data.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.235-242
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• 2007

The test and evaluation of floor impact sound is mainly conducted before move in the residence. Floor impact sound generating is actually the conditions in which a heavy load like a curtain and furniture is installed, the situation before and after move in the residence is different. In this study, we investigate the floor impact sound variations according to the live load installation like furniture in the source room. The vibration acceleration level and floor impact sound level variation were measured before and after live load ($200kg/m^2$) installation in the floor impact sound test building and the field. The difference was not large although the vibration acceleration level and the floor impact sound level were reduced through measurement result of load installation. Resonance frequency was not changed by load installation.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.121-129
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• 2005

The major goal of this study is drawing design plan factors considering residents' life cycle and life style when remodeling design is needed. By drawing such design factors, the study will propose an alternative remodeling design plan. Such design method was defined as Multi-Dimensional module design method. And constructing data-system based on Multi-Dimensional module was secondary goal in this study. The details are as follows: Based on analysis of Residents' demand for remodeling and features of emotion-design applied to remodeling, the system which is suitable for application in remodeling design method was conducted. Based on the type of construction materials, the level value was set up according to emotion-factor application. Also, by conducting coding operation according to the distinction of construction materials, this study seeks the unit drawing method of information for constructing emotion-information system.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.75-80
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• 2010

The goal of this study is to figure out the remodeling cycle at high-rise apartment housing and to analysis on quantity of $CO_2$ emission about remodeling cycle. The process of research is as follow; 1) Estimate the remodeling cycle through survey targeting residents at high-rise apartment building. 2) Simulate conditions on the high-rise apartment housing. 3) Calculate quantity of energy consumption and $CO_2$ emission 4) Derive elements that are on high level of environmental load evaluation. The main results of this study is as follow; 1) The cycle of finishing such as wallpaper is shorter than the cycle of building equipment such as elements in a toilet. 2) According to result of calculating $CO_2$ emission, fabric wallpaper and mortar are main factors that impact on the environment. The results is important to show reference points on quantitative measuring evaluation for the environmental-friendly extent.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2013

This study aims to evaluate the correlation between vertical solar radiation and the level of heating load according to the location and type of housing in multi-family apartments. This study shows that heating load is related with factors such as wall loss, window loss, ventilation loss and solar radiation gain. The heating load increases in the order of the middle floors, the highest floors and the lowest floors. The lowest and the highest floors are the most vulnerable floors, and it should be as emphasized as the middle floors. The heating load saving proposal contains 52 Alt. that shows heating load savings from min. 4% to max. 49%. The goal is to reduce the heating load of the highest and the lowest floors to the level of the middle floors. The result showed that there are 3 Alt. for the lowest floors and 16 Alt. for the highest floors as the heating load saving proposal. This study suggests integrated application to compose saving elements of heating load. so it could be utilized as a data for the construction of passive houses.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.99-104
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• 2006

This paper presents an analysis of heating energy for apartment houses in apartment building, paying special attention on the effect of pilotis which is increasing recently. A four-zone model composed of one conditioned and three unconditioned space is developed in this study. IES VE is adopted to estimate heating energy. Especially, we used Apache module for a heating energy calculated. The predicted result shows fairly good agreements with the available measured data and simulation data. Heating energy needed for an apartment located on the pilotis floors is far greater compared with the case of intermediate floors. Insulation thickness of walls, floors and underground structure appears to be a dominant factor affecting heating energy, which leads to needs of revision of the related regulation. It is finally concluded that the location dependent, severe imbalance in heating energy should be improved and reflected in the policy making process and the design standards.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.417-424
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the indoor air quality by season. The surveyed houses were 48 new apartment complex in 2012 across the country. The houses were carried out the bakeout before the test. The measuring method was "Indoor air quality testing standards process" and the measured items were formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, styrene average emissions. All the items were more emitting during the summer. From June to September the average concentration of formaldehyde emission was higher than other seasons. The average emissions of benzene concentrations in all seasons were released in small quantities. Average emissions of toluene and ethylbenzene concentration from April to August showed slightly higher emissions. Xylene and styrene concentration showed the highest emissions at April, but without large deviations throughout the year.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.39-51
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• 2023

This study uses the hedonic price approach to estimate the economic value of a parking lot in an apartment building. In this study, a logarithmic function was applied to estimate the price elasticity of parking spaces. Variables were composed of an independent variable (apartment house characteristics) and a dummy variable (external characteristics). Detailed variables include exclusive area, number of floors, waterproofing, number of bathrooms, and number of parking spaces per household. Based on the results of the analysis for the entire year, the increase in the number of parking spaces affects a price increase of approximately 25.97 million won to 59.68 million won, which can be interpreted as the economic value of the parking space. However, since Hanam City was specified in this study, there is a limit to generalizing the current results and using them for project evaluation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.117-120
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• 2008

Recently, according to the increasement of high-rise building construction and domestic situation, requirements of rapid cycle construction are increasing. For more economical and rapid cycle construction, it is required to reduce formwork cost. So formwork have to be stripped as soon as possible. But as fresh concrete is loaded with construction load, it is likely that the structure will have problems with safety and serviceability. To reduce construction cycle economically, safety and serviceability of structure against construction load have to be considered. But as behavior of structure under construction is so complicated, behavior of structure has to be investigated according to construction stage. Therefore, through field instrumentation of apartment, behavior of structure under construction was analyzed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.321-333
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• 2013

As environmental sustainability becomes a key consideration in policy-making, more responsible consumption and utilization in daily life concern both health and quality of life. To address inequities in health in relation to environments, waste management has taken more progressive ways, and one of them is biomass-to-energy conversion that utilizes energy recovery from food waste. By extension, a food waste zero-emission system using fermentation and extinction technology gains much attention, so that this study is designed to examine residents' attitudes toward recycling food waste produced at home and toward food waste zero-emission system. Utilizing a survey questionnaire, this research collected data from 400 individual units of multifamily housing estates nationwide, and the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicate that food waste generated at home was highly water-contained and produced in the stage of food preparation before cooking while respondents viewed that food waste collection and treatment needed to be improved. It's noted that respondents strongly supported the use of food waste as a energy source and would have the use of the food waste zero-emission system built in kitchen sink. Regression analysis showed that educational attainment of housewives, cooking style, and planning food purchase were statistically significant factors in the attitude of the responded residents toward recycling food waste while none of the factors were in the attitude toward the food waste zero-emission system.