• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2021

Using Kohut's selfobject perspective as a foundation, this qualitative study explored the empathy with music and analyzed the empirical meanings in relation to 'Mirroring selfobject need', 'Idealized selfobject need', and 'Twinship selfobject need'. The participants included 13 music therapy graduate students who took part in individual interviews about their musical experiences. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed via content analysis. As a result, seven categories with 16 meaningful concepts emerged under three dimensions: Gratification of selfobject need for mirroring, gratification of selfobject need for idealization, and gratification of selfobject need for twinship. Participants described experiencing unconditional understanding and acceptance from music, feeling stronger and safer in music, and being identified with and connected to music. These findings suggest that participants continuously gratify their selfobject needs by expanding the self and empathizing themselves through music. This study in significant in that it is the first qualitative study to analyze participants' musical experiences from Kohut's selfobject perspective.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.33-46
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• 2022

This study seeks to verify how empathic concern and perspective-taking predict happiness by investigating the mediating effects of cognitive reappraisal. Online surveys about empathic concern, perspective-taking, cognitive reappraisal, and happiness were conducted by 336 adult subjects. First, the correlation analysis indicated that empathic concern and perspective-taking significantly predicted cognitive reappraisal and happiness, respectively. Second, cognitive reappraisal also significantly predicted happiness. Third, the cognitive reappraisal mediated the association between empathic concern and happiness and between perspective-taking and happiness. Specifically, people who emotionally and cognitively empathize with others reported higher levels of cognitive reappraisal, which allowed them to experience higher levels of happiness. These findings have confirmed that people can increase their happiness by enhancing cognitive reappraisal through emotional and cognitive empathy. Finally, the implications and limitations of the present research are discussed.

• Proceedings of The KACE
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• 2018.01a
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• pp.111-114
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• 2018

4차 산업혁명의 특징 중 하나는 생산과 소비의 결합이다. 이제는 소비자가 직접 구매할 물건의 생산에 관여하고, 직접 필요한 물건을 생산한다. 이는 다양한 제작도구들이 보편화되면서 가능해졌다. 이런 흐름으로 세계적으로 메이커 운동, 메이커 교육이 주목받고 있다. 메이커들은 실생활의 문제를 해결하기 위해 창의적인 문제해결 방법을 활용하여 무언가를 만들고 공유한다. 이런 공유문화는 메이커들의 축제인 메이커 페어에서 쉽게 확인할 수 있다. 창의적인 메이커를 교육을 통해 길러내야 될 필요성을 공감하고 있으며, 메이커 교육을 학교 현장에 적용하기 위한 방법으로는 디자인 사고가 있다. 디자인 사고 프로세스는 실제 제품을 사용할 소비자에게 공감하여 이해한 뒤, 다양한 대안을 찾는 확산적 사고, 주어진 상황에서 최선의 방법을 찾는 수렴적 사고의 반복을 통해 결과물을 도출하는 창의적 문제해결 방법이다. 현재 온라인과 오프라인 상에서 다양한 메이커 교육이 이뤄지고 있다. 이를 학교에 도입하여 학생들을 가르치기 위해서는 교사의 역량이 중요하다. 아무리 좋은 교육이라도 교사들이 모른다면 학생들을 가르칠 수 없기 때문에 메이커 교육을 학교 현장에 투입하기 위해서는 메이커 교육을 위한 교사 연수 프로그램 개발이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 디자인 사고 기반 메이커교육을 위한 초등교사 연수프로그램을 개발하고자 한다.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.281-286
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• 2023

We aimed to find out how teaching ethics and empathy affect the perception of children's rights with 297 pre-service early childhood teachers enrolled in the Department of Early Childhood Education at universities located in Busan. Through this, the purpose of this study was to present basic data for the development of a character development program for a high-quality early childhood teacher training institution. We derived the following research results. First, as a result of examining the degree of recognition of pre-service early childhood teachers' teaching ethics, empathy, and awareness of children's rights, the average value was high in the order of teaching ethics, awareness of children's rights, and empathy. Second, there was a positive correlation between pre-service early childhood teachers' empathy ability, teaching ethics and awareness of children's rights, and empathy ability and awareness of children's rights. Third, as a result of examining the relative effects of teaching ethics and empathy of pre-service early childhood teachers on the recognition of children's rights, social ethics was found to be the strongest predictor among teaching ethics. In this study, we identified that teaching ethics and empathy are effective in various approaches to promote awareness of children's rights in pre-service early childhood teachers. And the results of this study provides the basic data for the character development of desirable teachers that pre-service early childhood teachers should have.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.239-260
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• 2015

The purpose of this research is to understand the impact of integrated character education activities involving children's songs on children's emotional intelligence and empathic abilities. Research subjects were recruited from J preschool in H County. There were a total of 46 four-year old children who were divided into test and control groups. For 12 weeks, these children participated in activities two times per week for a total of 24 integrated character education activity sessions which consisted of learning and singing children's songs and integration of activities such as storytelling, music, science, building, movement, literature, and cooking. The summary of research findings is as follows: First, there was a significant difference in emotional intelligence between the test group which participated in integrated character education activities involving children's songs and the control group. Secondly, there was a significant difference in empathic abilities between the test group which participated in integrated character education activities involving children's songs and the control group. The result of this study is that writing songs for children and various developed programs should be needed for character education activities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.8-15
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• 2021

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.261-273
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• 2017

The purpose of study is to measure nurses' empathy levels and to examine the effects of their empathy levels on their life and job satisfaction. The questionnaire was administrated to 150 nurses working in hospitals in Busan. The questionnaire consists of three factors : empathy level, life satisfaction, and job satisfaction. Nurses are classed into two : shift work nurse and non-shift work nurse by their work type. 144 out of 150 questionnaires were used for the analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics 21. The shift work nurses with higher empathy levels showed higher job satisfaction. The non-shift work nurses with higher empathy level revealed higher life satisfaction. Interestingly, while empathy level had positive effects on shift work nurses' job satisfaction(${\beta}=.282$, p=.006), it also had impact on non-shift work nurses' life satisfaction positively(${\beta}=.252$, p=.048). As results show, nurses' life and job satisfaction were positively related to their empathy levels. Given the fact that lack of nurses' empathy often lead to conflicts with patients, in order to improve nurses' job performance, we need a new perspective of understanding the important role of empathy in nurses' job satisfaction and life satisfaction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.313-327
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of new graduate nurses' empathy and their perceived preceptors' empathy on job satisfaction, job stress and turnover intention. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on new graduate nurses who were under 12 months old while working at three medical institutions that operated the preceptorship. In the preceptorship according to adult learning theory, the preceptors need to create a psychological environment for the new graduate nurses, and their empathy should be perceived by new graduate nurses. The study revealed that the new graduate nurses group with high level of empathy had high levels of job satisfaction, low job stress, and low degree of turnover intention, and the level of empathy affects job satisfaction of new graduate nurses. The new graduate nurses group with low level of perceived preceptor's empathy had low job satisfaction, high job stress, and high degree of turnover intention, and their perceived preceptor's empathy affected job stress and turnover intention. Based on these results, we suggest the introduction of a program to enhance empathy for new graduate nurses and preceptors.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.500-512
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the view of pre-service teachers' about middle school teacher's role using reflective writing. Pre-service teachers considered meaning of education is sympathy and discovery. Therefore they considered middle school teacher's role is discoverer of dream and subject master. The consideration of pre-service teachers' about education and middle school teacher's role was affected by their schooling experience. The conclusions drawn from this study are follows: First, the view of pre-service teachers' about teacher's role must not judgement according as former grouping on teaching profession. Second, The view of pre-service teachers about middle school teacher's role is different with reality. So middle school management should be improve to minimize foreseeing dilemma. Third, To do improve pre-service teachers' reflecting thought, various opportunity should be supported. Forth, it is need the institutional improvement and reflection for pre-service teachers' curriculum.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.53
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• pp.219-249
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• 2018

This essay attempts a historical examination of educational function of the novel. It pays attention to the eighteenth century sentimentalism, and its historical vicissitudes up to early twenties century. The eighteenth century is the period in which debates on the nature of emotion and its moral and aesthetic role have passionately taken place and the modern paradigm of thought on affect has been formed. This is why "affect revival phenomenon" in the late twenties century goes back to this period. This essay finds in Adam Smith the most sophisticated arguments on sympathy in their relation to the development of the novel; it examines the relationship of Smith's argument with modern novel in the tradition of sentimentalism, and its revision in modernist novel. Through this examination, it discusses how cognitive and non-cognitive approaches, the two representative positions in contemporary thinking on emotion/affect, have revised and transformed the eighteenth century sentimentalism.