• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.188-195
• /
• 2016

Neutrophils and lymphocytes are essential inflammatory cells in the pathogenesis of allergy. In this study, we evaluated the role of house dust mite (HDM) in the interaction between allergic lymphocytes and neutrophils. The extract of Dermatophagoides pteronissinus (DP) showed a stronger anti-apoptotic impact on neutrophil apoptosis in the coculture of allergic neutrophils with allergic lymphocytes when compared with that in allergic neutrophils alone. DP increased IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and GM-CSF in allergic lymphocytes, and the increased cytokines were inhibited by rottlerin-an inhibitor of the protein kinase C (PKC) ${\delta}$, as well as by SB202190-a p38 MAPK inhibitor. DP activated p38 MAPK in a time-dependent manner. The activation of p38 MAPK was suppressed by PAR2i, which is a protease-activated receptor (PAR) 2 inhibitor, and rottlerin. Both aprotinin-a serine protease inhibitor-and E64-a cysteine protease inhibitor-were not effective on cytokine secretion of lymphocytes. These results, despite increased cytokines in allergic lymphocytes via DP, did not show any differences between asthma and allergic rhinitis. Molecules, including cytokines, released by DP in lymphocytes inhibited the migration of neutrophils. This finding may further elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of allergic diseases due to HDM.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2018.10a
• /
• pp.83-83
• /
• 2018

마카(Maca, Lepidium meyenii Walp)는 십자화과 두해살이풀로서 페루의 안데스 산맥이 원산지이며 세계 여러 나라에서 건강기능식품, 음료 등의 가공원료로 이용되고 있다. 최근 마카의 기능성 성분이 밝혀지면서 국내에서도 재배 면적이 증가하고 있으나 연작장해, 동계 저온으로 인한 고사 등으로 인하여 생산량은 매우 저조한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 노지 환경에서 비닐피복과 지상부에 비닐 터널을 처리하여 겨울철 고사율을 줄이고 연장장해를 회피하여 마카를 안정적으로 재배하고자 실시하였다. 마카 재배는 경상북도 경산지역에서 2017년 9월 24일 파종하여 2018년 4월 30일에 수확하였으며, 처리는 비닐피복, 비닐피복+터널, 비가림하우스 및 대조구로 노지에서 무피복재배로 실시하였다. 동해에 의한 마카 고사율은 비닐피복과 노지재배에서 55.7, 79.1%였으나 비닐피복+터널과 비가림하우스에서는 3%이하로 조사되어 노지환경에서 비닐피복 후 지상부 터널설치로 동해를 방지할 수 있었다. 수확 시 마카의 생체중은 비가림하우스에서 주당 57.8g으로 가장 높았으며, 비닐피복+터널설치, 비닐피복 및 노지재배에서 각각 52.7, 21.3, 10g으로 조사되어 동계 지상부 15cm 지점의 평균온도(비가림하우스 : $3.4^{\circ}C$, 비닐피복+터널설치 : $1.9^{\circ}C$, 노지 : $-2.1^{\circ}C$)와 정의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 마카의 이용부위인 뿌리의 무게는 비가림하우스와 비닐피복+터널에서 각각 주당 15.5, 19.9g으로 조사되어 비교적 비닐피복+터널처리의 생육이 좋았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 마카는 다닥냉이속 작물로 저온경과 후 뿌리비대가 이루어지는 속성을 가지고 있으나 생육후기 고온으로 인한 지상부 생육은 뿌리비대를 저하시키는 것으로 추정되어 3월 이후 온도관리는 좀 더 연구가 진행되어야 할 것이다. 노지와 비닐피복 재배에서는 뿌리의 무게가 주당 3.9, 2.7g으로 정상적인 수확이 불가능하였다. 마카를 노지에서 재배할 경우 비닐피복 후 지상부에 터널을 설치하면 연작장해 회피와 동해에 의한 고사율을 줄일 수 있어 안정적인 재배가 가능한 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.58-66
• /
• 1983

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of the nitrogen rates and cutting heights on the appearance dry weight and death of new bud (branch and tiller) of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). The cultivar used in the present study was Pioneer 988. The experiment was arranged as a split plot design and undertaken in the Experimental Livestock Farm of Agriculture Coll., Seoul Nat'l Univ. in Suweon, 1981 and 1982. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The appearance and death of branch and tiller were not influenced with high nitrogen fertilization. 2. The frequency of the branching was decreased as the low stubble height, and the rate of the tillering was decreased in the high stubble height. 3. The yield of forage mostly depended on the tiller regardless of cutting height, and minor portion of the yield was resulted from the branch. 4. The low cutting height resulted in the increased number of dead bud (p<0.05).

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.41 no.5
• /
• pp.619-624
• /
• 1996

An experiment was carried out to find out the effects of water foxtail on weed control and rice yield as well as on the reduction of nitrogen application in no tillage transplanted paddy field. Paddy field was dominated by water foxtail whose soil covering degree was adjusted from 8 to 6 by treatment of paraquat (70 l /10a of solution diluted by 1, 000 times). Thirty five-day old seedling was mechanically transplanted and reduced nitrogen, 80% of conventional application was applied at the paddy field. The higher failure in seedling stand was observed at higher degree of soil covering by water foxtail. The failure of seedling stand with covering degree of 8(no paraquat) was 37.4%, while that of covering degree of 6(paraquat-treated) was 12.3%. However, the seedling stand failure was completely recovered at covering degree of six at two weeks after transplanting. The mechanical transplanting made water foxtail in the paddy field fall on the ground whose panicle part was recovered from falling sometimes after transplanting and whole plant died with slow scenesence untill the late of June. But the water foxtail affected by paraquat produced the new panicle from uppernode of stem with dead leaves at early of June and it become die slowly untill the early of July. Though several rice field weeds were observed in the order of Echinochloa crusgallis, Cyperus serotinus, Lemma paucicostata during the active tillering stage of rice, the value of weed control due to the dominance of water foxtail was 77~78%. The death and subsequent decay of water foxtail during the active tillering stage of rice induced the soil reduction which again defect the growth of rice root. The more vigerous rice growth was observed in the plot dominated with water foxtails, than control plot. The yields of rice in the water foxtail (degree 6) plot was 629kg per l0a as brown rice, the same as that of control plot. In conclusion, the no-tillage transplanting with control of covering degree of water foxtail (to degree 6) was effective in reduction of input cost such as herbicide and nitrogen fertilizer, as well as weed control without reduction of rice yield.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.279-286
• /
• 2017

We investigated growth response and variation of ecological niche breadth of Hibiscus hamabo according to light, moisture and nutrient when global warming is proceeded by elevated $CO_2$ concentration and temperature. H. hamabo was cultivated in experimental condition in the greenhouse that are divided by control(ambient condition) and treatment(elevated $CO_2$ concentration and temperature). Light, moisture and nutrient gradients were treated within the control and the treatment. Although H. hamabo prefers higher light intensity(up to L3) to lowers', Hamabo mallow doesn't like excessive light intensity($787{\pm}77.76{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$). Also, H. hamabo was difficult to grow in absent nutrient(0%) and excessive nutrient(20%). However, there was no trend with moisture gradients. The death rate of H. hamabo in the treatment was higher in all gradients except for the highest light intensity condition than control. It means that range of tolerance about light is narrowed when concentration of $CO_2$ gas and temperature is elevated. There was no trend of death rate according to moisture gradient, comparing between control and treatment. The death rate in all nutrient gradients within the treatment is lower than the controls'. It means that range of tolerance about nutrient is widened. The ecological niche breadth of H. hamabo in the treatment was narrower as 30.1% in light gradients but wider as 8.6% in moisture gradients and 30% in nutrient gradients than in the control. In the conclusion, when global warming is proceeded by elevated $CO_2$ concentration and temperature, growth of H. hamabo would be restricted by light intensity.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 1986

The rootability of hardwood cutting of mulberry (Morus alba L.) depending upon the kinds of cutting beds, soil of cutting beds, effect of growth regulator (Rootone-F), pretreatments of cutting scion, parts of branches were investigated, The results were as follows ; 1. Rootability was the highest in cutting after callus formed on sand bed, whereas null in the treatment of rice seedling hot bed. 2. Optimum cutting season was around March 26, showed 100% rootability in all treatments except wooden box filled with sand. 3. The order of rootability related with cutting part of branch was upper$^{\circ}C$), and cutting after formation of callus increased rootability, whereas cuttings left in open air for 5 days showed null rootability.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2019.10a
• /
• pp.61-61
• /
• 2019

본 연구에서는 실내 광조건에서 자생 장미과 상록 활엽 목본 2종의 생육반응을 조사하였다. 식물재료는 다정큼나무[Rhaphiolepis indica var. umbellata (Thunb.) Ohashi]와 비파나무[Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.]의 3년생 실생묘를 사용하였다. 실내 광량은 10, 50, 100 및 200 PPFD (${\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$)로 설정되었으며, 광주기(12/12 h), 온도($25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$), 습도($55{\pm}3%$) 및 관수(1회/3일) 주기는 일정하게 유지하였다. 실내에서 8주간 재배한 다음 유리온실에서 동일 기간동안 재배된 대조구와 생육 및 광합성 능력 등을 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 다정큼나무의 생육은 200 PPFD에서 대조구와 유사한 수준이었으며, 줄기직경은 광량과 정비례하는 경향이었다. 엽수는 대조구에 비해 고 광량(100, 200 PPFD) 조건에서 유의적으로 높은 결과를 보였다. 처리 별 최대 양자수율(Fv/Fm) 및 광계II 성능지수(Pi_Abs)는 대조구와 유사한 수준이었으며, 광량에 따른 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 비파나무는 재배기간 동안 광량에 관계없이 생육변화가 크지 않았으나, 엽록소함량은 200 PPFD에서 가장 많았다. 한편 10 PPFD에서는 모든 개체의 잎 고사에 따른 관상가치가 하락하였다. Fv/Fm은 200 PPFD에서 대조구와 유사한 수준이었으며, Pi_Abs는 저광량(10, 50 PPFD) 조건에서 유의적으로 높은 수치였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.85 no.3
• /
• pp.506-512
• /
• 1996

Community structure and soil properties of larch forest which are used for breeding site by herons were studied at Apgogri, Hoengsung, Kangwon Province. This site has been protected as a Natural Monument(No. 248) from 1973, in Korea. Herons have used this habitat from February to October every year. In 1995, more than 700 herons were observed in this habitat. Most of the larches died due to group breeding of herons, and no larch saplings were found at forest floor. Nutrient contents of soil in this habitat were much higher than those in control plot(non-breeding site). This must be due to the addition of faeces from herons and of thin twigs and other organic materials from the canopy and bird nests. Species composition of herb layer in this habitat was quite different from that in control plot. Breeding site was dominated by Humulus japonicus, Persicaria fauriei, Persicaria perfoliata, Commelina communis, Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum, Digitaria sanguinalis, Bidens bipinnata. Dioscorea batatas which are indicator species of soil eutrophication. Similarity index of shrub and herb layer between the breeding site and control site was 0.36 and 0.07, respectively.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 2011

The symptoms such as weaken shape, partial and full death in nurse- and old- trees have been mostly caused by the occurrence of cavity. In general, the adaption of poly-urethane has been practised routinely in the way of treatment in cavity. However, the use of poly-urethane was not an effective, but it was related to pollution materials. Here, the experiment was conducted to identify the effects of the treatments of loess or micro-organisms for the alternatives of poly-urethane. The cavities which occurred in Zelkova serrata, Prunus yedoensis and Quercus myrsinaefolia were treated by poly-urethane, loess, mixtured loess and micro-organism (Rhadobacter), and mixtured loess and micro-organism (Rhodobacter + bacillus). As the results of this experiment, it was shown that the treatment of mixtured loess and micro-organism (Rhodobacter + bacillus) induced to develop greater callus formation in the cavity up to 97% in Zelkova serrata, up to 87% in Prunus yedoensis, and by 73% in Quercus myrsinaefolia than the treatment of poly-urethane. But the only loess and mixtured loess and micro-organism (Rhadobacter) was a similar or lower callus formation ratio than poly-urethane.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.37 no.2 s.107
• /
• pp.248-254
• /
• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of salinity in irrigation water on the growth, yield components, yield and grain quality of rice plant by the pot experiments. Irrigation waters were supplied with control and amended with NaCl at 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, 5,000, and 7,000 ${\mu}s\;cm^{-1}$ electrical conductivity. A randomized block design was used with four replicates for each treatment and control. As increasing salt concentration, plant height, tiller number, SPAD value, dry weight, content of N, P, and K, ripened grain ratio (%), 1,000 grain weight, and protein content (%) tended to decrease, especially, significant at 3,000 ${\mu}s\;cm^{-1}$ of salt level. Grain yield decreased significantly at all treatments. The percentage of head rice slightly tended to increase as the salt concentration due to the decrease of green kernel. The percentage of green kernel was significantly lower at 3,000 ${\mu}s\;cm^{-1}$ of salt level than the control.