• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.113-117
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• 2004

We need the contingency cost in order to deal with the uncertainty to be accompanied inevitably at the construction and an every kind risk not to forecast in advance. And also the contingency colt needed for the change order and we need it for reduction of the delay and reduce the trouble between owner and constructor. This study, through checking and analyzing the risk factor, in the step of domestic construction, suggests optimal management reserve to specific business about the contract type and the scale. The main results of this research are summarized as follow. First, I investigated the recognition about the contingency cost, grasped the risk to be happened at the construction step and found out the frequency occurrence, through making up question to engineer are carrying out their job in the domestic construction. Second, I computed optimal contingency cost rate by the statistics investigation, and proposed an improvement plan and problem when compute a contingency cost.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.89-96
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• 2012

정보통신공사의 공사비 산정은 그동안 원가계산 방식으로 이루어져 왔으나, 최근 들어 건설 및 전기분야에서와 같이 실적공사비를 활용할 수 있도록 제도 시행을 추진하고 있다. 그러나 실적공사비를 적용하기 위해서는 과거 공사비 실적자료를 현가화 할 수 있는 지수의 개발이 전제되어야 함에도, 그동안 정보통신공사는 한국건설기술연구원의 통신공사비지수(기타 특수건설의 최하위지수)나 한국은행의 생산지물가지수를 이용할 수밖에 없는 한계를 지니고 있었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 실적적산 데이터를 기반으로 정보통신공사의 특성을 고려한 정보통신공사비지수를 제시하고자 한다. 개발된 지수는 실적공사비 자료의 현가화 뿐 아니라, 물가변동에 따른 계약단가 조정(Escalation), 정보통신분야의 거시적인 동향을 파악할 수 있는 주요 지표로 정보통신공사의 사업비산정 및 관련 분야의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• 동물약계
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• no.98
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• pp.3-5
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• 2004

[ $\cdot$ ]동물약사감시 행정처분 결과 홍보 $\cdot$농업연수부 교육훈련 수요 조사 $\cdot$제1차 GMP특별소위원회 개최 $\cdot$제5차 이사회 개최 $\cdot$제2차 수입백신특별소위원회 개최 $\cdot$동물약사업무 관련 수입업체 간담회 참석 $\cdot$올바른 항생제 사용 국제 심포지엄 참석 $\cdot$제2차 백신제조특별소위원회 개최 $\cdot$동물용의약품 PL단체보험 계약 갱신 $\cdot$국가항생제내성안전관리사업 보고대회 참석 $\cdot$소독약품 유통협의회 개최 $\cdot$2005년도 병역지정업체 선정 $\cdot$VIV ASIA 2005 산업자원부 지원사업 선정 $\cdot$제6차 이사회 개최 $\cdot$가축전염병 예방약류 조달청 단가계약 체결 $\cdot$동물약품제조용 유당 배정 신청 $\cdot$조합 2005년도 알선품목 선정

• 동물약계
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• no.108
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• pp.3-5
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• 2006

동물약사감시 행정처분 결과 홍보/무허가 동물용의약품 판매 단속 건의/가축전염병 예방약류 단가계약 서양서 제출/제5차 수출촉진협의회 개최/기업 법무강좌 참석/축산인 골프대회 및 KAHPA컵 골프대회 개최/해외전시회 단체참가 지원 신청/2007년 병역지정업체 선정 및 인원배정/동물용의약품등 취급규칙 하위규정 제정 관련 검토 협의회 개최/농업연수원 동물약품 관련 교육 수요조사/제5차 항생제 사용절감 연구모임 회의 참석/2007년 동물약품 PL 단체보험 가입 안내/협회 직원 인사

• 동물약계
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• no.112
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• pp.3-4
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• 2007

동물약사감시 행정처분 결과 홍보/퀴놀론계 합성항균제 오남용 방지대책 시행/회장단 위원장 연석회의 개최/2008년도 해외전시회 수요조사 참여/동물약품공정서 개정 용역연구 중간점검/제7차 이사회 개최/퀴놀론계 합성항균제 안전관리 협의회 참석/배합사료 첨가제 감축 대책 협의회 개최/백신 주자재 공급협의회 개최/가축전염병 예방약류 단가계약 사양서 제출/동물용의약품 안전사용 홍보

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1707-1718
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• 2013

Historical cost data estimating system has been introduced since 2004 in the construction industry. Based on contract prices of past projects, this estimating system estimates construction cost according to work types. The Korea Institute of Construction Technology (KICT) announces the historical cost data twice a year annually. The unit price of a small construction project is higher than large construction project due to the increase on production cost per work unit, equipment and labor cost, etc. However, the historical cost data estimating system is applied to project estimation uniformly regardless the construction project's size. This study compared and analyzed the historical cost data of large and small construction project to indicate the problem of historical cost date estimating system. The study derived that the unit price of a small construction project is 21.8% higher than that of large construction project.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.93-116
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• 2009

As the popularity of logistics service outsourcing has been continuously growing, one of the most frequently addressed issues is how to estimate the effect of cost reduction for users and profit gains from outsourcing contract for providers. Many manufacturing companies agree that logistics outsourcing helps to reduce their operating costs, but some other companies still do not achieve the cost saving or do not trust logistics service providers, so they keep up in-house logistics operations. On the other hand, logistics service providers have low profitability from domestic business activities since they should meet the requirements for highly customized and diverse services from customers and unstable market situation. This study provided the status report dealing with logistics service contracts in Korea. From the focused group interview with logistics professionals, we found out that service scope, scale and cost structure are the most influential factors affecting logistics service contracts. Also, logistics service providers are more sensitive than users regarding value-added logistics service, contract duration and process. Moreover, this study also proposed the standard clauses for logistics service contract and types of logistics contract applied in current logistics fields. As a result, it is expected that these achievements from this study can be utilized to improve the satisfaction of logistics outsourcing in upgrading service quality and customer service level.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.519-547
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• 2005

The aim of this study is to analysis how economic welfare lost happens within the present korea seasonal and time period electricity pricing system and find out reasonable electricity price system acceptable during the transitional period of korea electricity industry restructuring To analyze economic welfare lost in the electricity industry, in advance seasonal and time periodic 9 demand curves(summer, spring ＆fall, winter/peak-load time, middle-load time, low-load time) and one market supply curve are made and then using these demand and supply curve, seasonal and time periodic market equilibrium prices is calculated. Finally, comparing these market equilibrium prices with present regulated classified seasonal and time periodic prices, the whole economic welfare lost in the electricity industry is calculated. The result of this study shows that in 2002, the total economic welfare lost in electricity industry is 137,770 million Won and under present price system, the worst welfare lost is happening seasonally in spring ＆ fall, time periodically in the middle-load time. Specifically analyzing the characteristics of welfare lost, especially on the industry customers and service customers which are applied in seasonal and time periodic pricing, for the industry customers, the welfare lost calculated in this class occupies 51% of the total welfare lost in the whole electricity industry and the worst welfare lost is happening seasonally in spring ＆ fall, time periodically in the middle-load time. For service customers, the welfare lost calculated in this class occupies 13% of the total welfare lost in the whole electricity industry and the worst welfare lost is happening seasonally in summer, time periodically in the peak time Finally, this study was made based on the year of 2002 and KEPCO has practiced two times of rate change until now. The result of rate change was positively analyzed in the direction of economic welfare improvement(welfare improvement achieved by 16.3% compared to 2002 result).

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.24-34
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• 2013

Since 2004, the government decided to gradually introduce Actual Cost Data into cost estimate for improving problems of below-cost tendering and to reflect fair market price through competition and carry contract efficiently. However, there are many concerns that Actual Cost Data has not reflected real market price, even that has contributed to reduce the government's budget. General construction firm's burden for labor cost is imputed to specialty contractors and eventually it becomes construction worker's burden. Therefore, realization of Actual Cost Data is very important factor to settle this system. To understand realization level and make short term forecast, this paper drew construction group of which labor cost constitutes more than 95% of direct cost, and compares their Actual Cost Data with relevant skilled workers's unit wage and predicts using time series analysis. The bid price which is not be reflected market price accelerates work environment changes and leads to directly affect such as late disbursement of wages, bankruptcy to workers. Therefore this paper is expected to be used to the preliminary data for solving the problem and establishing improvement of Actual Cost Data.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.13-26
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• 2021

This study was conducted to identify various types of activities of payment contract for ecosystem services. As supporting services, 12 types of activities were derived: fallow, eco-friendly crop cultivation, shelter creation management, etc. As regulating services, 5 types of activities were derived: stream environment purification, creation and management of riparian vegetation, creation and management of forests for responding to climate change, etc. As cultural services, five types of activities were derived: creation and management of landscape forests, creation and management of ecological trails, managing ecosystem conservation, etc.