• Title/Summary/Keyword: 계량기

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A Study on Offensive and Security Method about Smart Meter in Smart Grid (Smart Grid에서 사용되는 Smart Meter에 대한 공격 및 보안 방법 연구)

  • Lee, Jae-Hyun;Park, Dea-Woo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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    • 2011.06a
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    • pp.111-113
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    • 2011
  • 우리나라에서도 2010년 1월 25일 지식경제부의 "Smart Grid 로드맵" 확정으로 Smart Grid 사업이 진행 중이다. 그러나 정보통신 환경에서 발생하고 있는 다양한 공격에 대한 보안위협이 Smart Meter에서도 발생하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 Smart Grid에 사용되는 Smart Meter 공격을 분석하고 Smart Meter 방어 방안을 제시한다.

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A Study on Access Control and Vulnerability Analysis about Smart Meter Gateway (Smart Meter의 Gateway에 대한 접근제어와 취약점 분석)

  • Lee, Jae-Hyun;Park, Dea-Woo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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    • 2011.06a
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    • pp.115-118
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    • 2011
  • 인류를 구할 8가지 기술 중 한가지로 스마트 그리드(Smart Grid)가 소개된 바 있다. 즉 에너지 사용의 효율성을 높여 전력량과 비용을 줄이고 전력 공급자와 소비자 간의 실시간 정보교환이 가능한 지능형 전력망이라 할 수 있다. 그러나 스마트 그리드의 취약점들로 인하여, Smart Meter가 해킹을 당해 정전으로 인한 대규모 피해가 예상 될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 Smart Meter에 대한 취약점 분석을 실시하고, Smart Meter의 Gateway 보안을 위해서 접근제어와 인증을 통해, 사용자의 접근과 개폐에 대한 보안을 실시한다. 범죄가 발생했을 포렌식 자료를 통한 법적 책임에 관한 내용을 연구한다.

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The analysis of Influence between Eco-friendly Planning Elements in Metropolitan 2th Newtown and the deal price of Apartment House (수도권 제2기 신도시 내 친환경 계획요소와 아파트 실거래가격간의 영향도)

  • Jung, Sung-Hoon;Kim, Jeong-In
    • Journal of Environmental Policy
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.3-35
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    • 2013
  • Through Influence between the qualitative Environment-friendly Planning Elements (Independent variable) of eighty Apartment House on the four boundary areas in Metropolitan 2th Newtown as representative case of domestic Composition case of Eco-City and the quantitative deal price of Apartment House (dependent variable), it was analyzed empirically with use of the statistical measuring technique. This study has been meaning that it was groped the scheme of quantitative measuring analysis on environmental economics through the developmental extention for he classification system of the qualitative Environment-friendly Planning Elements on urban & architecture. And, As the result of empirical analysis, it was confirmed empirically that the economical induction effect was much more weight and worthy of notice through Environment-friendly Planning Elements in Metropolitan 2th Newtown influenced to the deal price of Apartment House, particularly it was found noticeable meaning that Environment-friendly Planning Elements of applicabled the green new techniqe like New & Renewable Energy were used already and it was influenced much to the deal price of Apartment House.

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Automatic gasometer reading system using selective optical character recognition (관심 문자열 인식 기술을 이용한 가스계량기 자동 검침 시스템)

  • Lee, Kyohyuk;Kim, Taeyeon;Kim, Wooju
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.1-25
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    • 2020
  • In this paper, we suggest an application system architecture which provides accurate, fast and efficient automatic gasometer reading function. The system captures gasometer image using mobile device camera, transmits the image to a cloud server on top of private LTE network, and analyzes the image to extract character information of device ID and gas usage amount by selective optical character recognition based on deep learning technology. In general, there are many types of character in an image and optical character recognition technology extracts all character information in an image. But some applications need to ignore non-of-interest types of character and only have to focus on some specific types of characters. For an example of the application, automatic gasometer reading system only need to extract device ID and gas usage amount character information from gasometer images to send bill to users. Non-of-interest character strings, such as device type, manufacturer, manufacturing date, specification and etc., are not valuable information to the application. Thus, the application have to analyze point of interest region and specific types of characters to extract valuable information only. We adopted CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) based object detection and CRNN (Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network) technology for selective optical character recognition which only analyze point of interest region for selective character information extraction. We build up 3 neural networks for the application system. The first is a convolutional neural network which detects point of interest region of gas usage amount and device ID information character strings, the second is another convolutional neural network which transforms spatial information of point of interest region to spatial sequential feature vectors, and the third is bi-directional long short term memory network which converts spatial sequential information to character strings using time-series analysis mapping from feature vectors to character strings. In this research, point of interest character strings are device ID and gas usage amount. Device ID consists of 12 arabic character strings and gas usage amount consists of 4 ~ 5 arabic character strings. All system components are implemented in Amazon Web Service Cloud with Intel Zeon E5-2686 v4 CPU and NVidia TESLA V100 GPU. The system architecture adopts master-lave processing structure for efficient and fast parallel processing coping with about 700,000 requests per day. Mobile device captures gasometer image and transmits to master process in AWS cloud. Master process runs on Intel Zeon CPU and pushes reading request from mobile device to an input queue with FIFO (First In First Out) structure. Slave process consists of 3 types of deep neural networks which conduct character recognition process and runs on NVidia GPU module. Slave process is always polling the input queue to get recognition request. If there are some requests from master process in the input queue, slave process converts the image in the input queue to device ID character string, gas usage amount character string and position information of the strings, returns the information to output queue, and switch to idle mode to poll the input queue. Master process gets final information form the output queue and delivers the information to the mobile device. We used total 27,120 gasometer images for training, validation and testing of 3 types of deep neural network. 22,985 images were used for training and validation, 4,135 images were used for testing. We randomly splitted 22,985 images with 8:2 ratio for training and validation respectively for each training epoch. 4,135 test image were categorized into 5 types (Normal, noise, reflex, scale and slant). Normal data is clean image data, noise means image with noise signal, relfex means image with light reflection in gasometer region, scale means images with small object size due to long-distance capturing and slant means images which is not horizontally flat. Final character string recognition accuracies for device ID and gas usage amount of normal data are 0.960 and 0.864 respectively.

A Bibliographic Study on the Calvin Theological Journal (칼빈 신학교 학술지에 대한 계량서지학적 분석에 관한 연구)

  • Yoo, Yeong Jun;Lee, Jae Yun
    • Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.125-145
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    • 2016
  • This study aimed at finding theological trends of Calvin Theological Journal by analyzing Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). The study performed the time-series analysis and the analysis of distinctive terms by examining the main authors and the subject headings of the articles published in Calvin Theological Journal during 45 years. We also proposed a new method of dividing the analysis period with the change of authors and subject headings. In the analysis results, the 18 main authors had the three clusters and shared Calvin and the Reformed Theology, the Bible. The reformed characteristics were shown in the first and second period, but the reformed theology was at the margins. The frequency of Calvin became small in the third period, the frequency of the reformed theology became bigger than before, but it was at the perimeters. Literary criticism was clustered independently. There were lots of the terms of the reformed theology in the analysis of the distinctive terms in all three periods and especially in the 2-1 period science and religion were included as the distinctive terms. Therefore, the theological tendency of the Calvin Theological Journal seemed the reformed theology and Old Testament.

Characters on the Post-harvest Bulk Treatment Systems for Barley (보리 수확 후 관리 시스템 종류별 특성 비교)

  • Lee Choon-Woo;Baek Seong-Bum;Son Young-Koo
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.50 no.spc1
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    • pp.104-107
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    • 2005
  • This survey was conducted to know the post-harvest bulk treatment system for barley, The tendency of barley-bulk treatment in 4 RPC was gradually increased up to 4,458 ton in 2001, but after that time, the amounts was decreased 1,0731on in 2003. There was the big difference on the circulated and the continued systems that was the kinds of drying system they use. The barleys, the harvest and the conveyance method was different on RPCs. Naked barley was only treated, and $90\%$ barley was harvested by the consignment in J RPC, otherwise unhulled barley was treated, and there did not used the consignment in S RPC. Small and mulit combine was used to harvest, and the ratio of bulk was up to $90\%$ in J RPC, but small combine was only used and ratio of bulk was at most $5\%$ in S RPC. It was sell by 1kg in polished and 40kg unpolished barley around year in J RPC, but it was sell by bulk to september in S RPC.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Korea Statistic Literaure (한국 통계학 문헌의 계량서지학적 분석)

  • 박성미
    • Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.104-130
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    • 1988
  • The purpose of this study is to grasp the research activities of Korean statisticians and scientific properties of statistics field guantitatively by analyzing its literature with various bibliometric research methods. In this study the productivity of authors arid cited literatures were analyzed.

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Comparative Analysis of Korean Universities' Co-author Credit Allocation Standards on Journal Publications (국내대학의 학술논문 공동연구 기여도 산정 기준 비교 분석)

  • Lee, Hyekyung;Yang, Kiduk
    • Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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    • v.46 no.4
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    • pp.191-205
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    • 2015
  • As the first step in developing the optimal co-authorship allocation method, this study investigated the co-authorship allocation standards of Korean Universities on journal publications. The study compared the standards of 27 Korean universities with Library and Information Science (LIS) departments, and analyzed author rankings generated by applying inflated, fractional, harmonic, and university standard method of co-authorship allocation to 189 Korean LIS faculty publications from 2001 to 2014. The university standards most similar to the standard co-authorship allocation method in bibliometrics(i.e. Vinkler) were those whose co-author credits summed up to 1. However, the university standards differed from Vinkler's in allocating author credits based on primary and secondary author classification instead of allocation based on author ranks. The statistical analysis of author rankings showed that the harmonic method was most similar to the university standards. However, the correlation between the university standards whose co-author credits summed up to greater than 1 and harmonic method was lower. The study results also suggested that middle-level authors are most sensitive to co-authorship allocation methods. However, even the most generous university standards of co-authorship allocation still penalizes collaborative research by reducing each co-authors credit below those of single authors. Follow-up studies will be needed to investigate the optimal method of co-authorship credit allocation.

V.22bis MODEM CHIP 기술동향

  • Jang, Dong-Won;Hwang, Geon;Choe, Tae-Gu;Lee, Dae-Gi
    • Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.108-134
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    • 1989
  • 본 고는 현재 공중회선망을 이용한 PC 통신에 필수장비인 모뎀을 구성하는 2,400bps Modem Chip Set을 비교하였다. 현재 널리 사용되는 Modem Chip Set들은 주로 2-3개 Chip으로 구성되며, 이것들을 사용하여 완전한 2,400bps Modem을 구성할 수 있다. 이러한 모뎀용 IC는 PC통신뿐만 아니라 휴대용 Terminal, 차량추적시스팀, 휴대용 전화기, 각종 원격검침계량기 등에서와 같이 그 사용범위가 다양화되고 있는 추세이다.

공간 도형의 조작적 활동을 위한 학습 자료 개발 연구

  • Sin, Hyeon-Yong;Han, In-Gi
    • Communications of Mathematical Education
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    • v.11
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    • pp.403-414
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    • 2001
  • 공간 지각력의 개발 ${\cdot}$ 육성은 수학교육의 중요한 목표들 중의 하나이지만, 중등학교 수학 교과서를 분석해 보면, 공간 도형에 대한 조작적 활동의 경험은 매우 빈약하다. 특히, 중학교에서는 1학년에서 공간도형의 계량적 측면에 중심을 두고 취급하고 있지만, 이를 통해 수학교육에서 추구하는 교육목표를 달성하기는 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 중학교 학생들이 공간 도형에 대해 다각적인 측면에서 분석적이고 조작적 활동을 경험하며, 이를 통해 공간 도형에 대한 상상력, 그리고 공간 도형에서의 추론 활동 경험을 제공할 수 있는 학습 자료를 개발하여 제시할 것이다.

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