• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.97-105
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• 2011

In the modern urban landscape design, historical and cultural factors are drawing more and more attention in addition to the factor of beauty. To evaluate an urban landscape design, it's quite important to explore the history and culture background of the city. Color of a city reflects the city characteristics and shows the city image. Color planning has become an important part of city landscape design nowadays. A harmonious landscape cannot be without a unified color planning. The color planning should take not only the integrity but also the regionality into consideration. Color planning has a profound impact on public life. This paper studies on streetscape color of two famous places which are Seoul Insa-dong and Shanghai Xintiandi. According to the empirical and comparative study, this paper will give on-site assessment and comprehensive evaluation. Furthermore, this paper will indicate the differences and similarities of the traditional Streetscape of South Korea and China, using the color theories of Korea Image Resource Institute. This survey results will be helpful to the urban landscape color planning.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.64-71
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• 2012

This is a basic study for recovering original form of Nongsanbyeoleop(農山別業) in Gangjin, Jeonnam, created in the latter part of Joseon period and the estimation of originla form at the time of creation was conducted by analyzing related literature and inspecting the actual site. "Joseokruki(朝夕樓記)" of Dasan Jung, Yak Yong could estimate spatial structure and using form of Nongsanbyeoleop and the arrangement of spatial structure in literature could be confirm by on-the-site inspection. The results of this study are as follows. The first, Nongsanbyeoleop managed spatial factors applying natural topography. For the spatial characteristics of Nongsanbyeoleop, the location of ancestral ritual space including deceased father's tomb and tomb house far from the main levee of Yun, Kwang Taek, a father of Yun, Seo Yu by 1.9km and housekeeping could be confirmed. The second, spatial estimation by "Joseokruki" could be possible. "Joseokruki" describes Joseokru.Youngmojae.Hanokkwan.Cheokyunjung.Sangam as construction factors, Wundang.Kookdan.Nokwunoh. as plant factors, Sookyunggan.Keumkoji.Nokeumjung.Uijanghae as hydroponic factors and Pyoeunkok.Aengjakang as natural topography factors. However, most of them were disappeared and at present, only Youngmojae, Keumgoji, Kukdan and Wundang show the past trace. The third is for the changed space of Nongsanbyeoleop and its reason. The surrounding space of Nongsanbyeoleop was planated by land arrangement in 1960s and it played a role of topographical damage because it's recognized as the plane factor including Nongsanbyeoleop's surrounding landscape rather than dotted factor. The forth, the actual measurement of Nongsanbyeoleop and digitalization of manual map of numerical value are judged to be sufficient to apply as the basic material for recovering garden in the future. Because of the diatahce changing method applied at that time, the garden recovery of Nongsanbyeoleop intended to be concreted and 3D model established by digitalized basic materials is considered to apply for multilateral studying. Thus, Nongsanbyeoleop which is byeolseo including the tomb of deceased father based on the conceptual hyo thought shows clear differences from the organized factors of Byolseowonrim of precedent studies and the importance of Byolseowonrim is sufficient. But, the constructional factors which cannot know disappeared spatial factors and accurate location became the limitation of this study. In the future, clear verification of original form must be progressed by excavation which can confirm the location of construction factors.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.80-88
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• 2014

This study was carried out to understand the effect of sowing date on growth characteristics, flower duration of a total of 6 domestic rapeseed cultivars, "Sunmang", "Tammiyuchae", "Tamlayuchae", "Naehanyuchae", "Yongsanyuchae" and "Hallayuchae" with different sowing dates (25 Sept., 5 Oct., 15 Oct., 25 Oct., 5 Nov.) in Muan, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea. The results obtained were summarized as the follows: The number of seedling stand after overwintering was decreased in all 6 cultivars. It changed little until 5 Oct., and then showed continuously largely decrease as the sowing date being delayed. As the sowing date was being delayed, plant height was decreased while Silique length and thousand seed weight were increased. Seed yield in all 6 cultivars decreased almost linearly with late sowing date. In correlation analysis between the delaying sowing date and growth characteristics, it was inversely correlated with plant height ($r=-0.769^{**}$), No. of branches/plant ($r=-0.760^{**}$), No. of siliqua/panicle ($r=-0.631^{**}$) and seed yield ($r=-0.946^{**}$), while showed a positive correlation with silique length (r=0.635), seed diameter ($r=0.629^{**}$) and thousand grain weight ($r=0.422^*$). No. of seeds/silique and seed set percentage were not significantly correlated with the delaying sowing date. The flower duration was long in order of Sunmang, Tammiyuchae, Yongsanyuchae, Naehanyuchae, Hallayuchae and Tamlayuchae. Varietal variation of flowering date was larger with early sowing date than with delaying sowing date. The range of flower duration across all cultivars was from 1 day of Tamlayuchae to 14 days of Sunmang according to the sowing date, and the end flowering date was able to be extended from 2 to 9 days, compared to normal date of end flowering.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.130-133
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 도시 공공디자인의 일부분으로서 간판개선사업의 발전에 필요한 체계적이고 지속적인 발전에 도움을 주고자, 간판사업에 대한 이론적 고찰을 토대로 최근 간판개선사업 지역인 '온양명동거리 간판이 아름다운 거리'의 옥외 간판의 시각요소가 효과적인 정보전달을 제공하고 쾌적한 도시경관을 조성하는지 알아보고, 실태조사와 도시가로 환경 구성원의 만족도 및 의식을 분석하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.227-233
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• 2010

This study analyzes the images of city residents on the landscape elements of the rural theme villages. The results of analysis bring the following conclusions. 1) Important factor of rural landscape with worth preserving is natural landscape such as dense forests, trees and creek. 2) Natural landscape such as forests and trees is evaluated high in image-assessment as well. However, it is evaluated low in the image of "Diversity", therefore, various species of trees need to be preserved. 3) In the future, people who spent their life only in the city would be the main stream of Green-tourism, and their structure of image-assessment needs to be reorganized.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.85-98
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• 2021

In accordance with planning to construct culture park on Songhyeon-dong (district) near Gyeongbokgung Palace, This study analyzed literature and drawings from the early Joseon Dynasty to today for the district, known as 'Songhyeon (pine hill)' to identify historical and cultural landscapes during essential times. The following are the results; First, the owners of significant lots were identified, and land use and landscape components were extracted for a diachronic examination of the landscape of the whole area of Songhyeon-dong. Songhyeon district had been regarded as the 'Inner Blue Dragon (Spot) of Gyeongbokgung Palace' in terms of geomancy since the foundation of Joseon in 1392 in that the government created and managed a 'pine forest' in the district. A state warehouse called 'bungam' was constructed, and small fruit stores, 'ujeon,' opened due to the complete reformation and urban planning led by King Taejong in 1410. From the 19th century, mansions of the upper class, such as 'Gaseonggak', 'Changnyeongwuigung' and 'Byeoksugeosajeong' were in the district. A prominent official residential complex called 'Sigeun Sataek' was constructed in 1919 after Chosen Siksan Bank purchased the site. Later, it was transferred to America in 1948 and used as the 'US Embassy Staff Quarters'. Second, the changes in the site view, associated with the aspects of society by the times, were examined by estimating the location and the time the landscape components lasted in each period extracted and identifying the physical entity. The pine forest, regarded as the 'Inner Blue Dragon' that guards the left side of the palace within the geomantic world view, was located in the highlands in the west of the site. In the same period, the flat area in the east was regarded as the 'commoner's district', the streets adjacent to various government facilities and the market, packed with people from different walks of life. From the 19th century, the gardens of the aristocrats of the capital city were created in the pine forest, turning the place into the forest in the middle of the city. The whole area of Songhyeon-dong, which existed as a large lot in the city center for a long time, was developed by Japanese imperialists in the 20th century based on the concept of 'Ideal Healthy Land,' which interrupted the placeness of Songhyeon-dong that had adhered to the traditional geomatic view of the Joseon Dynasty.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.681-698
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• 2016

With increasing public concern for environmentally friendly agriculture, ecological aspect of landscape management is of growing importance. AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) analysis were conducted based on the delphi survey of 31 experts to evaluate the relative importance and the preference of landscape elements. Landscape components of organic farmland were classified into 2 landscape fields, 5 landscape types, 14 landscape units, and 37 landscape elements. Overall relevance score for the proposed landscape components were about 5.5 on the seven point scale. While the relative importance weight of cropland landscape field was 0.71, the weight of intra-structure landscape field was 0.29. Among the cropland landscape, relatively higher weight was assigned to farming system (0.47) and margins (0.31), as compared with hydrological system (0.22). In the farming system, crop (0.40) and farm land (0.39) were the most important landscape units. In the margins, higher weight was given to Buffer zone (0.44) and Trees (0.42). Biological habitat (0.43) ranked the highest score in the hydrological system. Preferable landscape elements were glass house, companion plants, rice paddy field, diverse crop species, small pond, and small river, which are representing ecological advantage of organic farming systems. This result indicated that the landscape elements identified in the study would be suitable to evaluate ecological aspect of rural landscape in organic farmland.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.180-180
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• 2021

가로수는 「도로법」 제11조에 따른 도로(고속국도를 제외한다)와 보행자전용도로 및 자전거전용도로 등 대통령령으로 정하는 도로의 도로구역 안 또는 그 주변지역에 심는 수목을 말하며, 도시의 가로수는 기후조절효과 및 대기오염 정화효과 등을 가질 뿐 아니라 도심지 내에 녹색을 도입하고 도시경관을 구성하는 주요 요소이다. 전국 각 시도에서는 가로수 조성사업을 지속적으로 추진하고 있다. 하지만 몇몇 도시에서는 적절하지 않은 가로수 관리로 인해 가로수가 말라죽는 현상이 증가하고 있다. 이에 가로수 고사 현상을 감소시키기 위하여 토양수분과 토양온도를 측정하여 가로수 피해와 연관성을 조사할 필요성이 있다고 판단하였다. 본 연구는 춘천시에서 진행하였으며, 일반 가로수와 현재 가로수 고사로 문제가 되고 있는 3 모니터링 지점을 선정하고, 토양수분 센서를 5, 15, 40 cm 깊이에 설치하였다. 센서를 이용하여 토양수분과 지온, EC 모니터링을 실시하였다. 토양수분 모니터링 자료를 활용하여 토층별 토양수분 소비량 산정을 하고, 현장 토양시료를 채취하여 물리·화학적 특성을 분석하였다. 또한 가로수 증발산량 산정 및 토층별 토양수분 소비량과 소비패턴을 비교하였다. 본 연구 결과를 향후 RZWQM(Root Zone Water Quality Model) 모델의 기초자료 및 시나리오 구성에 활용될 수 있으며, 모니터링 및 모델링 결과를 활용하여 가로수 및 도시 표토 기능 위협 요인을 분석에 활용 될 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.120-130
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• 2009

This study focuses on the methodology of an ecological interpretation of Korean traditional landscapes through both life-oriented philosophy and traditional Korean philosophy which are similar to ecology. Also, useful tools for discovering an ecological technique of formation based on the ecological thoughts in ancestors' life are shown. Ecological key words as interpretative tools on the traditional landscape replaced ecological concepts in Korean culture and landscape. There are 'Bonsung(本性; the original nature)', 'Chungjeol(中絶; moderation)', 'Hyoyul(效率; efficiency)', 'Sangsaeng(相生; symbiosis)', 'Jasaeng(自生; self-generation)', 'Chunghwa(中和; neutralization)', 'Bangtong(旁通; communication)', and 'Byuntong(變通; variableness)'. For the case study, the concepts of 'spatial structure', 'constructive elements in the traditional gardens', and 'structural elements in the dwelling houses' were extracted from $\ulcorner$Imwonkyeongjeji$\lrcorner$ as an interpretative subject. As a result, Jeongon house, Jongtaek of Choi's family(the first incoming resident) showed us an ecological technique of formation by interpretation on the composing elements. Namely, they are natural dwelling houses in harmony with natural conditions and delicate relational styles. Five kinds of ecological characteristics were exposed. They are: 1. land use method following natural features('本性' '相生' '中和'), 2. physical and spatial elements in a body with nature('中絶' '相生' '中和'), 3. sustainable circulation system by recycling limited resources('效率' '自生' '旁通'), 4. use of natural materials based on the regional climate ('中絶' '效率' '自生') and 5. plane and structural decision by microclimate('效率' '自生' '變通'). Consequently, the dwelling houses and their traditional gardens aimed at the consuming space of the efficient resources by utilizing and circulating natural energy more than different types of the traditional spaces.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.171-178
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• 2020

Amid public's growing interest on garden and more leisure time of modern life-style, there is an effort by the government to utilize forest as public garden. In order to utilize forests as pubic garden, a new concept of "Forest Garden" should be defined and introduced first. Furthermore, introducing a new concept requires academically analyzing values of a new concept before a new concept is widely used. Thus, we aimed to clarify the concept of forest garden by conducting Delphi technique research and factor-analysis of survey results. More specifically, delphi technique research was conducted to extract composition elements and explanation elements of forest garden. Factor analysis was conducted on the top 25 elements and 5 values were extracted as a result. They are form, scenery, ecology, history/cuture and usefulness which are essential values required of forest garden. Forest garden should have all of 5 values and be capable of function as both forest and garden which would also need continuous maintenance. We believe this study is the first one to establish definition of forest garden and more specific and realistic definitions need to be built through continuous research, 000 experiment and on-site evaluation. We also believe that this study will serve as foundation for further efforts in building forest garden in various space and in defining proper concept of forest garden.