• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.55-67
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• 2014

The historic cultural landscape of East lake in Kyung river area during Joseon dynasty was very outstanding that it had many attractions of scenic beauty, however, the Han river of today is being recognized as a natural landscape and as a place with low cultural and historical traits. This study applied landscape characteristics of the cultural space of Joseon Dynasty on visual image elements of Lynch to research the landscape characteristics. The research results are as follows. When East lake was applied to visual image elements, it was recognized as a 'superb' 'paths,' and the 'edge' which signifies the boundary showed its 'superb' clarity of the East lake. For the 'node,' a turning point of direction, Dumopo represented the 'superb' awareness. As East lake, Apgujung, and Jecheonjung represented the 'superb' awareness when 'landmark' among visual image elements of Lynch was applied to the cultural space, the awareness level and reputation were proportional to the visual image elements. When pattern, structure, and meaning of the cultural space were clear and had definite identity, the 'landmark' and 'district' elements were 'superb.' It was also identified that when awareness level of space was higher, the awareness of historic cultural landscape was high as well. Therefore, considering visual awareness level of the historic cultural landscape of Han river during restoration to investigate and to conduct case studies is considered to increase the awareness level of historicity and cultural character as well as restoration of the place.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.42
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• pp.25-52
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• 2016

Animation documentary is a hybrid genre that is newly highlighted with opposite properties. The actual world is reproduced with an unrealistic method in documentary aspect, but the objectivity of documentaries cannot be guaranteed as the boundary of actual pictures and digital images has become ambiguous. As the animation documentary by Ari Folman succeeded in 2008, the focus of this study is on 'how can fictional animations prove the authenticity of documentaries?' in which the study is mainly conducted in documentary aspect. For this, the researcher considers visual style research has important role in understanding and developing a new video genre, and asserts the necessity of research on reproduction image that is produced by the characteristics of animation which is produced in frame units. This paper has contents on the visual style of animation documentaries with pictorial reproduction methods in which animation images were classified into 3 styles based on previous research on animation documentary style. Visual styles are classified into actual image that is based on similarity with reality to deliver objective facts, image that is transformed through emphasis and omission which are factors of animations, and surrealistic image that reproduces non-visual regions such as illusions and the inner side of characters. Through this study that analyzes visual style types and characteristics, animation documentaries are expected to position as a hybrid genre that illustrates reality with a new method instead of being included in the existing reproduction method of documentaries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.101-109
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• 2008

Automated rainfall warning system is a facility to prevent casualties who were recreating in the down stream region with operating lead broadcasting or signaling warning automatically when torrential rainfall occurs in mountainous area. But standard of conventional warning does not consider the characteristics of basin, and warning signal. Evacuation signal 1 and evacuation signal 2 are uniformly signaled when the 10minute moving total of observed rainfall is higher than 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm respectively. therefore, local governments and relative agencies had re-established the standard of warning by analyzing the risk water level, critical discharge and reference rainfall, which are considering the characteristics of basin. In this study the standard of conventional and re-established warning of weolseong basin, which is available to acquire a real rainfall. There are analyzed by considering the risk water level, critcal discharge and reference rainfall. Also this study compares rainfall of conventional and re-established warning standard and indentifies problems by analyzing adequacy of rainfall estimation for warning and proposes alternative. The standard of conventional warning which investigates with the converted rainfall(unit of a minute) issued too many alarm. The re-established standard upward has the necessity which will be regulated about the alarm announcement number of times. Considers the safety, upward regulation of alarm standard rainfall is a necessity which will be prudent.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.183-195
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• 2014

In order to study the mineralogical characteristics of a cathodic deposition-metallic powder, electrowinning experiments were carrier out on different electrolytic solutions at varying electric distances and electric currents. Under the same experimental conditions, Cu recovery was obtained much more effectively using a sodium chloride electrolyte than with a sulfuric acid electrolyte. In XRD analysis, copper ($Cu^0$), chalcanthite and cuprite were identified in the sulfuric acid electrolyte, while copper, nantokite and chalcanthite were observed in the sodium chloride electrolyte. In the sodium chloride electrolyte solution, increasing the electric distance and the electric current increased the Cu recovery rate, anode weight and anodic corrosion. The results of XRD analysis with non-pulverized cathodic deposition-metallic powder showed the average copper crystallite size was increased by increasing the electric current and decreasing the electric distance. It is suggested that the mass transfer was controlled with diffusion on the boundary between the electrode and the electrolytic solution due to the formation of dendrite copper.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.421-432
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• 2009

In this study, push-out and static loading tests were conducted to evaluate the behavioral characteristics of composite beams with a perfobond rib shear connector. The shear capacity of the perfobond rib was found to be proportional to its concrete strength, which is in turn affected by the increase in the concrete end-bearing strength and concrete dowel action to resist the shear force. The relative slips of the push-out specimen, however, which was used to assess the ductility of the shear connector, increased to some extent, but it no longer increased when it reached the critical concrete strength because of the flexibility of the transverse rebar in the rib hole. The static-loading-test results revealed a crack on the concrete slab in the composite beam with a perfobond rib on the side of the rib hole and transverse rebar for the applied moment and shear force to the rib hole, depending on the static loading. The shear resistance characteristics of the perfobond rib shear connector were found to resist the shear force from the relative slip on the interface of the composite beam. Thus, the sectional effect of the shear connector to the composite beam with a perfobond rib should be considered when designing the composite beam because the behavior of the composite beam can change owing to the shear connector.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.200-208
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• 2003

This paper proposes a separation and feature extraction of image signals using the independent component analysis(ICA) based on neural networks of efficient learning rule. The proposed learning rule is a hybrid fixed-point(FP) algorithm based on secant method and momentum. Secant method is applied to improve the performance by simplifying the 1st-order derivative computation for optimizing the objective function, which is to minimize the mutual informations of the independent components. The momentum is applied for high-speed convergence by restraining the oscillation in the process of converging to the optimal solution. The proposed algorithm has been applied to the composite images generated by random mixing matrix from the 10 images of $512\times512$-pixel. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better performances of the separation speed and rate than those using the FP algorithm based on Newton and secant method. The proposed algorithm has been also applied to extract the features using a 3 set of 10,000 image patches from the 10 fingerprints of $256\times256$-pixel and the front and the rear paper money of $480\times225$-pixel, respectively, The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has also better extraction speed than those using the another methods. Especially, the 160 basis vectors(features) of $16\times16$-pixel show the local features which have the characteristics of spatial frequency and oriented edges in the images.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.17-31
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to carry out a comprehensive assessment of Donjibong Park in Daegu and establish a master plan for green space considering the functional characteristics of the park. For this purpose, green space in the park was assessed based on 13 indicators using three functions. A comprehensive green master plan was then proposed. Green spaces with high scores for the natural-ecological and environmental-control functions were found in the central area of the park, whereas green spaces with low scores were found near the park boundary and paved areas. Green spaces in the southeast were found to have a high score for usage functions due to their proximity to a residential area. In the master plan based on the comprehensive assessment, the plan space was divided into a conservation area, restoration area, buffer area, environmental monitoring area, observatory/trail/facility area, and waterside green space area. Also, concrete plan directions were proposed based on each plan space. These results can be utilized for establishing objective plans in the future construction of new parks.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.82-89
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• 2015

In this study, the characteristics of sea ice initial conditions generated from a global ocean and sea ice prediction system, the Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean (NEMO) - Los Alamos Sea Ice Model (CICE)/NEMOVAR were analyzed for the period June 2013 to May 2014 over the Arctic region. For the purpose, the observed and reanalyzed data were used to compare with the sea ice initial conditions. Results indicated that the variability of the monthly sea ice extent and thickness in model initial conditions were well represented as compared to the observation, while it was found that the extent and thickness of Arctic sea ice in initial data were narrower and thinner than those in reanalysis and observation for the period. The reason for the narrower sea ice extent in model initial conditions seems to be due to the fact that the initial sea ice concentration at the boundary area of sea ice was about 20 percent less than the reanalysis data. Also, the reason for the thinner sea-ice thickness in the Arctic region is due to the underestimation of Arctic sea ice thickness (about 60 cm) of the model initial conditions in the Arctic Ocean area adjacent to Greenland and Arctic archipelago where thick sea ice appears all the year round.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.48-61
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• 1989

In this paper, two-dimensional numerical simulation of GaAs MESFFT with 0.7${\mu}m$ gate length is perfomed. Drift-diffusion model which consider that mobility is a function of local electric field, is used. As a discretization method, instead of FDM (finite difference method) and FEM (finite element method), the Control-Volume Formulation (CVF) is used and as a numerical scheme current hybrid scheme or upwind scheme is replaced by power-law scheme which is very approximate to exponential scheme. In the process of numerical analysis, Peclet number which represents the velocity ratio of drift and diffusion, is introduced. And using this concept a current equation which consider numerical scheme at the interface of control volume, is proposed. The I-V characteristics using the model and numerical method has a good agreement with that of previous paper by others. Therefore, it is confined that it may be useful as a simulator for GaAs MESFET. Besides I-V characteristics, the mechanism of both velocity saturation in drift-diffusion model is described from the view of velocity and electric field distribution at the bottom of the channel. In addition, the relationship between the mechanism and position of dipole and drain current, are described.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.567-578
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• 2015

Single droplet-wall collision heat transfer characteristics on a heated plate above Leidenfrost temperature were experimentally investigated considering the effects of impact velocity. The collision characteristics of the droplet impinged on the heated wall and the changes in temperature distribution were simultaneously measured using synchronized high-speed video and infrared cameras. The surface heat flux distribution was obtained by solving the three-dimensional transient heat conduction equation for the heated substrate using the measured surface temperature data as the boundary condition for the collision surface. As the normal impact velocity increased, heat transfer effectiveness increased because of an increase in the maximum spreading diameter and a decrease in the vapor film thickness between the droplet and heated wall. For We < 30, droplets stably rebounded from a heated wall without breakup. However, the droplets broke up into small droplets for We > 30. The tendency of the heat transfer to increase with increasing impact velocity was degraded by the transition from the rebounding region to the breakup region; this was resulted from the reduction in the effective heat transfer area enlargement due to the breakup phenomenon.