• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.47-53
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• 2019

This study is an analysis of endings of films and open endings. Particularly, the key of this study is the investigation of the definition and interpretation of open endings. For this purpose, the 'ending' was defined first, and subsequently, endings were divided into 'closed' and 'open' endings with a goal pursuit model of David Howard and Robert McKee. Thus, it was found in this study that the thoughts of an audience as well as the intention of a creator are crucial in defining an ending. Although a story is designed by a creator, its interpretation is at the disposal of an audience in the end, and the audience may take an ending differently depending on their value system or interest in the story, which eventually leads to their own definition of the ending. For sure, a traditional fact is that most of films including those mentioned to have open endings have closed endings, and such a structure of stories will not change significantly in the future. However, the ending of a film designed to have a closed ending may be changed to be open ended depending on the intention of a creator or the thoughts of an audience, and furthermore, the intention of an open ending may not be readily accepted by an audience.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.101-102
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• 2019

열린 결말은 예술 영화에서는 물론, 상업 영화에서도 부각되고 있는 결말의 형식이다. 이러한 형식은 '수용자의 참여'를 유도함으로써 다양한 해석의 가능성과 함께 작품이 회자되는 긍정적 효과를 거두고 있다. 특히 범죄영화에서 열린 결말은 영화의 소재에 대한 해석의 폭을 넓힘으로써 작품성을 제고하고 있다. 이에 연구자는 범죄 영화에서의 열린 결말에 대한 분류와 연구를 통해 범죄영화의 제작과 해석에 기여하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.83-84
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• 2013

이 연구는 코엔 형제 영화의 열린 결말이 작품의 주제와 어떻게 연관되는지, 그리고 그러한 열린 방식으로 내러티브를 종결시킬 수 있게 하는 서사 논리가 무엇인지 논의한다. <바톤 핑크>(1991), <노인을 위한 나라는 없다>(2007), <시리어스 맨>(2009) 등 코엔 형제의 열린 결말 영화들은 모두 '불확실성'에 관한 영화이다. 이 불확실성은 부조리하고 아이러니컬한 세상의 불가해성과 그것에 대한 캐릭터의 이해 불능으로 나타난다. 코엔 형제의 영화들은 바로 이러한 세계의 불가해성에 대한 논증의 내러티브이며, 이들의 열린 결말은 플롯과 논증의 중층 구조에서 스토리 문제의 해결이 아니라 논증의 완결을 추구한 결과이다.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.37
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• pp.279-306
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• 2009

This study is purposed to observe conventional expression of Hangul Ganchal. The conventional expression of Hangeul Ganchal had set a pattern from 16th century to 17the century after establishing its regular form. It is mainly found in the introduction and the conclusion of the letters. Especially, they are concretely shown at an address form and greeting in the former, a farewell and the close in the latter. Generally, a native tongue was often used in address form at Suncheon Kim's Eongan in 16th century and Hyun-Poong Kwak's Eongan in 17th century. However, a Chinese character was commonly found in the introduction at Jingbo-Eongan-Dok in 19th century. Specifically, in case of response, the conventional expression of 'read your letter' was added in greeting part. In Suneon of 16th century, this type was gradually established to the form, and in Hyuneon of 17th century, a native tongue set a pattern. However, Jingeon of 19th century, a Chinese character was mainly used instead of a native tongue. The changing form of farewell and the close showed similar pattern as the aspect of greeting form. They seemed to be more simple and repetitive in Hyuneon compared with the form of Suneon. Furthermore, a Chinese character was dominated in the conclusion of letters in Jingeon. Consequently, the paper examined the two types of letter between Hangul letters and Chinese character letters were strongly associated with each other. It is expected that more details research will be coped with next study.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.49
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• pp.431-459
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• 2012

The purpose of this article is to compare and analyze the conventional expression of Hangul Ganchal in Cheosun Dynasty and Email. Conventional expression is used remarkably in introductions and conclusions. In introduction, it is used for addressing and safety greetings while in conclusion, it is used for closing address and closing words. In Cheosun Dynasty, an envelope of Ganchal only included the details of the receiver because the letter was genuinely delivered by someone who knew the receiver and the sender very well. An envelope of Ganchal is applicable to the screen of the internet which is used for emailing. In an email, we see the name of the sender and the title of the text and once we click the title, we are able to view the text. The difference between the Ganchal and the email was reflected on how the receiver's detail showed on Ganchal and the email show the sender's details. In a case of addressing in a letter while using the conventional expression, we can see how we use "To~" in humble term and " ~께" in a honorific term. We confirmed that the conventional expression has not yet settled in both of the Gnachal and email for the seasonal greetings. The safety greetings comprised with both of the senders' and receivers' latest updates. In Ganchal, this composition is well described conventionally, whereas in emails, only the receivers' latest news are written but the senders' latest updates are hard to be seen throughout the text. In Ganchal's closing section, the closing address and closing words were expressed conventionally. However, in the case of email; those were again hard to be found throughout. To conclude, in Ganchal the conventional expression was developed and placed in 16thcentury(Sun-eon) when there was a focus in our native language. In 17thcentury(Hyeon-eon), it stood still for a sometime and moved on to 19thcentury(Jing-eon) when there was a strong in fluence of Hangul Ganchal, which resulted in regression to the conservative expression. In general, we are able to confirm that the conventional expression is slowly disappearing.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.7
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• pp.182-205
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• 2003

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.483-484
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• 2015

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.246.1-246
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• 2001

• Digital Contents
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• no.7 s.122
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• pp.112-116
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• 2003

영화 '매트릭스(Matrix)'는 보는 이로 하여금 가상 현실이라는 것에 대해 한번쯤 생각하게한다. 주인공 네오를 비롯한 시온의 전사들은 소위 '매트릭스'라 불리는 가상 현실 컴퓨터 군단을 상대로 첨단 액션을 선보이면서 맞서 싸운다. 디지털로 이루어진 매트릭스의 세상과 유기물로 이루어진 인류 최후의 조직체인 시온의 대결. 영화의 결말을 보기 위해서는 올해 말까지 기다려야 하는 상황이지만, 여기에는 재미있는 개념을 발견할 수 있다. 영화 매트릭스에서 가상의 세계와 현실의 세계를 연결하는 통로는 바로 '전화'라는 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.444.2-444.2
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• 2003