• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.419-424
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• 2009

The ocean rock was crushed mainly by drop hammer and blasting. In recent years, because of farming and harbors extension, the ocean rock crushing method is changing to popular complaint solving type. Effective rock crushing methods of protecting environment are studied under consideration for topography, farming, structures, electronic equipment, environment protection arm near to rock crushing sector. Effective rock crushing methods are compared under consideration for crushing volume, rock quality, distribution, crushing speed. Effective rock crushing methods at once solving popular complaint and protecting ocean environment and building ocean structures, are compared according to the coast development.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

In this paper, AUTODYN blasting simulation of single blast hole were conducted to evaluate the blasting effects of Polymer Gel. The coupling mediums used as the filling material around an explosive charge were air and gelatin. each simulation case was D I(decoupling index) 1.0, 1.25, 1.56 with air or polymer gel coupling materials. In order to evaluate blast effects full charge model was used as a reference for evaluation of blasting effects. The results of numerical analysis showed that fragmentation of a limestone model of were much more fractured by polymer gel medium than by air medium. As expected, the transmitted peak pressure was higher polymer gel coupled model than in air medium.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2002

일반적으로 도심지에서 터널 시공을 위한 암반굴착 작업은 주변 보안물건에 대해 직접적인 피해를 유발시킬 수 있는 공해요소인 진동을 허용기준값 이하로 제어할 수 있으면서 상대적으로 시공성과 경제성이 뛰어난 공법으로 수행되어야 한다. 본 사례에서는 각내의 대표적인 문화시설인 예술의 전당 하부를 통과하는 우면산 터널 공사현장에서 암반굴착공법으로 고려한 TTM 장비를 이용한 기계굴착, 플라즈마 공법, 유압장비를 이용한 할암공법, 겔파쇄 공법, 미진동파쇄기를 이용한 공법, 진동제어발파공법에 대한 현장 적용성을 시험시공 등을 통해 평가한 내용과 결과를 제시하였다. 비록 각 도심지 터널의 현장 상황이나 주변 여건에 따라 이 현장에서의 시험시공 내용이나 적용 결과를 그대로 적용할 수는 없겠지만, 진동제어 암반굴착 공법에 대한 시험시공이나 선정 과정에 이 사례연구가 개략적인 참고자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.59-65
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• 2012

This study improved constructability and cost efficiency that are disadvantages of existing a mechanical excavation & similar blasting methods(plasma, gel, etc) and introduced cases of development and practical applications of Low vibration explosives(LoVEX) that minimizes blast vibration. The low vibration explosives(LoVEX) is suitable to Type-1 in standard blasting patterns of Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs(MLTM) and delay blasting is possible. Moreover, the low vibration explosives improve construction and work efficiency while the level of vibration is reduced to about 60~70% of normal emulsion explosives. Additionally, this study suggested standard blasting patterns, the prediction equation of blasting vibration, and construction methods.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2017

Mountain and hill areas occupy by more than 70% in South Korea and Rock drilling should be applied in order to reduce noisy & vibration from massive civil engineering business such as road expansion, high-way construction, subway construction and construction of site renovation such as a newly-built & re-development of apartment, newly-built of high-rising building in downtown area. As Blasting noise & vibration such as vibration, noise, fly rock etc caused by blasting operation from large small scale construction occurs, neighboring residents who demand the compensation file a civil complaint so that the business reach a deadlock. As the excavation method for these areas, There are blasting of micro-vibration, mechanical excavation method(Rock splitter, Breaker etc), similar blasting method(plasma, gel fragmentation etc) to date. In this study, we are trying to find the feature & performance which get improved economic feasibility & construct ability through improving sympathetic detonation of New KINECKER-I used in blasting of micro-vibration & formulation and would provide convenience for use by introducing standard blasting pattern & construction method. Also, checked and confirmed all the blasting with connecting cap has been cleary detonated.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.861-869
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• 2010

Imitation crab stick samples were made from Alaska pollack with protein recovered from spent laying hens breast meat (C), Alaska pollack with spent laying hens breast recovered protein and cordyceps powder (T1), Alaska pollack with spent laying hens breast recovered protein and silkworm cocoon powder (T2), and Alaska pollack with spent laying hens breast recovered protein and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) (T3). There were no significant differences in moisture, crude protein and crude fat among the imitation crab samples. pH was significantly higher in T2 and T3 compared with C and T1 after 4 weeks of storage. The values of $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, and W (whiteness) in T3 were found to be more stable during storage and W in T3 was significantly higher than other samples. T3 was significantly lower in hardness, brittleness, gumminess and adhesiveness after 4 weeks of storage. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBA) values decreased with storage, whereas volatile basic nitron (VBN) values increased with storage periods in all samples. In sensory evaluation, there were no significant differences in color, odor, taste, tenderness, juiciness and overall acceptability among the samples. T3 was significantly lowest in quality among the treated samples.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.642-645
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• 1991

The rheological properties of wheat flours and corn starch and cooking properties of dry noodle in the presence of calcium phosphate hydroxyapatite(Ca-P) were studied. The additive($0.2{\sim}0.8%$) had essentially no effects on farinograms of strong and all-purpose wheat flours, however, they decreased the amylograph pasting temperature and increased the peak viscosity of flours, which was more pronounced in all-purpose flour. The cooking properties of dry noodles in the presence or absence of the Ca-P showed no significant differences, but the cutting forces of cooked noodles were increased by Ca-P at 0.4%. The pasting properties of corn starch in the presence of Ca-P($0.2{\sim}0.8%$) were similar to those of wheat flour. The gelatinization temperature of corn starch by differential scanning calorimeter decreased by $1^{\circ}C$ in the presence of 0.4% Ca-P. The time constant, a reciprocal of rate constant, of corn starch gel was slightly increased in the presence of 0.2 or 0.4% Ca-P.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.277-287
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• 2007

To understand the effects of the powdered manganese nodule and sea bottom sediment pumped up with nodules on the mining process, the shattering ratio of manganese nodule and their physical properties are analyzed. The self shattering ratio and crushing shattering ratio are about 27% and about 3%, respectively. Then total shattering ratio is about 30%. The initial turbidity of the powdered manganese nodule and the bottom sediment show high, i.e., about 3,100 and 1,850 respectively. But their turbidities decrease rapidly with time. After 1 hour, turbidity of the powdered manganese nodule drops to about 1,570 and that of the bottom sediment to 1,310. The turbidity of Na-bentonite changes from 820 to 730 after 1 h and to 700 after 2 h. The viscosity of powdered manganese nodule is $1.4{\sim}1.5cP$, and the viscosity of bottom sediment is less than 1 cP. The viscosity fo Na-bentonite is initially 37.2 and increase with time to 86.4 cP after 30 min. The high initial turbidity of powdered manganese nodule is due to dark color of the powder. The high specific gravity makes rapid precipitation and then decreases the turbidity rapidly. The bottom sediment shows high initial turbidity because of easy suspension with very fine particle size. But it cannot be hydrated and formed gel in suspension, then it is easily precipitated. However Na-bentonite is hydrated to the expended state and makes gel state, then it shows high turbidity and high viscosity. These physical properties of the powdered manganese nodule suggest that the powder of manganese nodule should not make scaling inside of lifting pipe or pump. And the bottom sediment lifted up with manganese nodule should not play the role of drilling mud shch as Na-bentonite.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.21-28
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• 2009

A grouting method has been widely used in construction of large-scale structure to reduce permeability and reinforce the ground. If cement and grout material were not mixed well in the injection tip equipment, an opposite flow and interception state of the chemical grouting can occur. McG (Multi-mixing counterflow prevented Grouting, McG) method installed a special grouting device to allow better mixing of the grouting material(above fineness $6,000cm^2/g$) and prevent backward flow. The block of nozzle also diversify powder rate of cement. YSS (Youngil Special Silicate, YSS) that lowers $Na_2O$ and thereby increases durability was developed by gel-forming reaction material. The seepage state and unconfined compressive strength of the injection material using the special injection tip equipment was tested in this study. The results of this study showed that the uniaxial compressive strength, permeability, N-value, TCR and RQD were improved by this method. Engineering characteristics obtained by the special injection tip method will be compared with those by the other method through various field tests from now on.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.429-433
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• 2002

The D-xylulokinase from Candida sp. L-16 was purified through a sequence of ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-cellulose chromatography, Sephadex G-100 and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The specific activity of the purified Dxylulokinase was increased to 23.2 fold and the yield was 11.2%. The enzyme was showed to be a single protein band by SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of the enzyme was 150,000 dalton, this enzyme was identified to be a dimer with two subunits. The optimum conditions of the enzyme were pH 8.0 and 40$\^{C}$, respectively. The enzyme was relatively stable between pH 7.0 to pH 9.0, but it was unstable over 30$\^{C}$. The enzyme showed substrate specificity on D-xylulose, D-arabinose and D-ribose, Km value and Vmax for D-xylulose were 0.042 mM and 117 units/ml, respectively. The activation energy of the enzyme was 4.75 Kcal/mol. The one was inhibited by metabolic intermediates such as 6-phosphogluconic acid, 2-keto-gluconic acid. The enzyme was activated by EDTA and thiol compounds such as cysteine-HCI, DTT and glutathione.