• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.2261-2269
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• 2017

The current LTE network system provides service by locally allocating eNodeB to the EPC(Evolved Packet Core). However, it is not suitable for inter-node communication based on the distributed network environment. In this paper, we propose an integrated system by configuring E-UTRAN and EPC as All-In-One type to enable service in each distributed node. M2M UE is mounted on a each node for wireless In-band backhaul link. The integrated node provides inter-node communication over the wireless in-band backhaul link. If a normal UE moves and an access node changes in the system all entities of LTE integrated into one, it is necessary to change the P-GW which is IP anchor. In order to support the inter-node mobility even if P-GW is changed, We defined UPFE(User Packet Forwarding Extension) scheme and implemented the handover procedure of EPC. Also, we analyze the cell range of the integrated LTE system with the addition of the node and compare the handover delay with the current system.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.595-605
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• 2020

This study was a qualitative research to investigate the adaptation process and stress experiences of female marriage immigrants to Korean culture, and to explore life experiences and meanings to cope with them. Participants in the study collected data through individual in-depth interviews targeting 5 female marriage immigrants with more than 5 years of marriage using the Healthy Families·Multicultural Family Support Center located in ◯◯-gu, Incheon City. Using the six steps of Braun & Clarke's topic analysis method, 3 main topics and 13 subtopics were derived. Research Results First, cultural differences experienced by female marriage immigrants in Korean life (daily life culture, tradition, family relations) Second, the cultural adaptation process experienced by female marriage immigrants (difficulties and fears-understanding cultural differences-efforts to overcome) Third, it was found that the cultural adaptation of female marriage immigrants is that Korean lifestyle becomes natural and familiar by knowing the difference in lifestyle between their mother country and Korean culture, and finding and practicing the way they want to live with Korean people. Based on the research results, a practical intervention plan for successful cultural adaptation of female marriage immigrants was presented.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.60-74
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• 2016

There are increasing numbers of North Korean defectors. Many of them enter universities and major in social welfare in order to get jobs. As a required course, they must participate in field practicum and many difficulties are expected. This study aims to examine the North Korean defectors' practicum experience in specific, and to support more effectively in the field work education. To achieve this purpose, female North Korean defectors who go to G cyber university and have finished their field practicums, were interviewed in an in-depth interview. The data were analyzed with the open coding through the constant comparison method as Grounded theory's initial analysis. As the result, the following was found: 49 concepts, 18 sub-categories, and 7 categories. The categories include difficulties in the process of preparation for and beginning with various obstacles; confusion due to the differences between the North Korean and South Korean culture; tasks and functions that were not expected, personal relationships which were burdensome to them; feeling a lack of professional competence; inevitable environmental circumstances, and personal problems. Based on the results, suggestions for better support in field practice education in the side of universities, community agencies, individual students and the general society were addressed.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.829-840
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• 2015

In this study, we analyzed the teaching practices of science teachers using smart technologies and investigated their difficulties in implementing smart education and their educational needs. We also studied their opinions on the application of smart technologies in science education. The participants were seven science teachers who participated in the smart education study group of a science teacher association in Seoul. We elaborated on the characteristics of smart education in science education during comprehensive analyses of instructional materials used in science classes and the initial interviews. We then analyzed the second interviews by categorizing their responses inductively. All the science teachers used the 'instant access as needed', but their interactions, simply answering students' questions, were found to be at a low level. They did not effectively use the 'collaborative interaction with SNS or wiki-based service' for the support for interactive learning. While most collected learning results of their students and provided feedback in the aspect of 'individualization according to leaner level', they were not aware of 'context, situation, and location of learners' in smart education. While all the teachers extended learning opportunities by using learning resources widely in smart education, most were not aware of 'support for self-directed learning'. Most teachers believed that smart education should be developed to help students learn interactively and in a self-directed manner. They also provided many opinions on teacher training programs and environmental support for smart education. Based on the results, some considerations for implementing smart education in science instructions effectively are discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.31-43
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• 2011

Since the R&D Program for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises started in 1997 as a part of Small and Medium Business Administration, many companies succeeded to carry out the tasks and were charged royalty fees from the government aid program in return. However, some of them were unable to pay a royalty because of their poor financial positions. Failure to pay a royalty also led to adding administrative duties including debt collection and imposing a penalty of participation restriction for other R&D programs. To solve the problems incurred by a failure of royalty collection, a divided payment using a surety insurance was introduced in 2009. That is, the R&D program recipients who were charged royalties issue surety insurance policies and submit them to a collection agency with a plan of divided payment. In this study, we estimate the main benefits of introducing surety insurance for royalty collection. First, we analyze royalty collection results from recipients supported by the R&D program from 1997 to 2006. By doing so, we calculate the main parameters that will be used for estimating the 2011 collection results. Next, besides estimating the quantitative effect, which summarizes an increase of royalty collection via surety insurance, we also analyze various qualitative effects such as simplification of the collection process and expansion of opportunities for participation in R&D programs.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.37-48
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• 2010

In general, an HTTP server sends information in response to requests from clients. Since it does not support active information delivery to clients, it can not efficiently provide the rapidly changing information to clients. Overcoming this shortcoming of the HTTP protocol, the technology known as server push enables the HTTP server to actively provide information to clients without explicit requests from clients. Adobe BlazeDS is a web server supporting the server push technology, helping users to develop web-based push applications. Unfortunately, since the BlaseDS server have no functions of filtering the information to be pushed according to various types of users, there are difficulties in developing push applications handling various situations in a efficient way. In this paper, to support effective development of push applications on BlazeDS we present the methods of adding a message filtering facility to BlazeDS and utilizing it. According to the filtering request of clients, the message filtering facility modifies information to be pushed, sending the modified information to the clients. The extended BlazeDS server with the message filtering facility provides environments to easily develop push services customized for various clients with their own situations.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.119-146
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to find out the structural and developmental characteristics of inter-organizational community network of the school social work and the characteristics of direct workers and the school social work organizations delivering services to the children in low-income families, and to identify the magnitude of efficient structure for networking for the children living in Kayang-dong. By searching out the central organization and block modeling, this study attempted to show the characteristics of inter-organizational community network for the children. The research sample was 18 organizations, and the data were collected by a survey questionnaire and analyzed by SPSSWIN 12.0 and UCINET 6.29. The main results show that the social welfare organization is the central organization in almost every dimensions(information exchange, client referral, cooperation, resource exchange) and education organizations play an important role in betweenness centrality. Also it can be evaluated that the present developmental stage of the network is collaboration. Based on the research results, implications for the future practice are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.51
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• pp.157-182
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• 2002

This study attempts to identify the changes in social reactions to disabilities in general, and to research the contextual implication of these changes in social work practice in Korea. In the early years after the Industrial Revolution, disability was conceived as social unfitness and it was assumed that the cause and responsibility could be attributed to people with disabilities. But, in the midst and late 20th century, social responsibility for people with disabilities was argued and generally accepted. As the results of these changes, conceptual models explaining disabilities have changed gradually; there has been a transition, so called, from individual model to social model. In a similar vein, WHO has refined the definition and classification of disability. Related to these changes, social welfare service paradigm for people with disabilities has shifted. This paradigm shift can be explained with the perspective of strength approach, empowerment approach, case management and independent living model. In Korea, 1998 Act on welfare for people with disabilities meant that social service for the disabled were categorized with, namely, residential service, community rehabilitation service and vocational rehabilitation service. Recently, the extent of these services has been rapidly broadened. In these situation, this study researched to identify the implications on social work practice in the context of changes in social response, conceptual model, definition and also service paradigm. Such as the followings are enumerated for the implications: disabled person's participation in assessment process, development of assessment tools focusing on social and environmental perspectives, reinforcement of information service helping self-determination, supporting on formal and informal helping network, expanding self-help programs and, finally, a shift from displacement model to support model.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.51
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• pp.287-310
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate how early retirees spent their days and how daily life was experienced. In order to cover as many aspects as possible of the subject, this study examined sources of life satisfaction/dissatisfaction. Data were drawn from in-depth interviews in which 101 early retirees residing in Seoul. The Majority of early retirees in this study were at least somewhat dissatisfied with their daily life. Content analysis of reasons for life satisfaction/dissatisfaction revealed that the sources were categorized into 6 categories and 66 specific sources. Analysis of sources of life satisfaction revealed that early retirees mentioned most frequently as their sources of life satisfaction in this order: subjective emotions, family relations, stability of economy, positive attitude on retirement. Analysis of sources of life dissatisfaction revealed that life dissatisfaction was intimately connected with the loss of work role, family, unstability of economy, and ill preparation for retirement. Implications for macro and micro alternatives to support early retirees were provided.

• 재활복지
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.29-62
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to find out the main operational scheme of the "financial planning" and "the trust" for people with developmental disabilities as a means of property protecting and managing for them. The results are as follows; Regarding to "Financial planning", it is necessary to establish a measure to meet the financial needs for people with developmental disabilities in future plan; Issues to be taken care of in the point of financial planning include plan for the maintenance and use of property for their independent life; and public and private resources and support for the disabled. Obstacles are lack of national awareness of the financial planning for the disabled. In relation to the contents of the "trust" of people with developmental disabilities, the principles of operation are assuring universality, publicness, stability, self-decision making, and individuality; operating system is a mixture of public and private; subjects of target are people with developmental disabilities with no parents or caring family as well as income. The required support is a supervisory system for the secure management of asset to entrusted institutions; the decision support system for people with developmental disabilities; maintaining the qualification of government receipt of public assistance for those who do not redeem up to a certain amount of personal property utilizing the trust system.