• Composites Research
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.8-14
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• 2008

Lighting system of road is an essential structure used for the safety of pedestrians and vehicles. Most of the lighting pole is made with steel which is vulnerable under corrosive environment. To overcome such corrosion problems, stainless steel and iron steel are used, but they are usually manufactured by hand which is not efficient. Due to their high strength and stiffness, when there is car collision with the lighting pole structure the safety of driver may not be ensured. Hence, the development of new-type lighting pole system which is easy to adjust the right on the road, lengthen the service life, and reduce the maintenance, is necessary. Lighting pole made with aluminum alloy is high in strength per unit weight, is strong against corrosive environment, and is easy to construct due to flexibility and right weight. But, because the strength and stiffness of the material is lower than that of steel, the structural safety and serviceability of the system can be a problem. To mitigate the structural problem associated with conventional lighting pole system, experimental investigation is conducted on the conventional lighting pole and rib reinforced aluminum alloy lighting pole, respectively. By comparison of results, it was found that the rib reinforced Mg-Si aluminum alloy lighting pole is efficiently applicable to the lighting pole system of road.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.182-189
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• 2003

Communication Ocean Meteorological Satellite(COMS) for the hybrid mission of meteorological observation, ocean monitoring, and telecommunication service is planned to be launched onto Geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) in 2008 according to the korea national space program, For the development of the meteorological payload of COMS, imager, the characteristics of Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) for GEO meteorological imager is investigated and the theoretical MTF limit is analyzed for each spectral channel of the imager in the both cases of a currently operating GEO instrument technology and an advanced GEO instrument technology under development. This study shows that MTF value can be considerably low in the infrared channels with longer wavelength than 10㎛ due to diffraction effect so that the MTF performance of long wavelength infrared channels should be paid attention to for the development of the imager.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.158-164
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• 2011

Check valves developed for aerospace applications and commercially available for the applications are investigated. The examples include the ones for launch vehicles, SSME (Space Shuttle Main Engine) and GSE (Ground Support Equipment) purges developed by NASA, requiring high reliability, and the ones by KARI. Also the commercial ones for room and cryogenic temperatures by major valve US companies. Relations of design factors such as seal materials and spring rate to principal performances like operating temperature/pressure and cracking pressure are explained. Then potential operational problems such as chatter and contaminations are explained. Also, filters, fittings for end connections and cleanliness requirements for the applications are considered.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.367-374
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• 2006

시화호 개발 시점은 1975년 농업진흥공사가 시화호 유역을 간척농지로 개발한다는 계획을 수립한 시점부터 잡을 수 있으나 건설교통부가 이 지역을 반월특수지역 개발구역으로 지정한 1986년 9월 27일로 보는 것이 타당할 것으로 본다. 1986년에 정부가 그렇게 지정한 목적은 이 지역을 방조제로 막아서 담수호를 만들어 농업용수를 공급하고 농지 조성과 수자원 확보를 기한다는 목적 및 그에 따른 수도권 인구 분산 및 도서 지역 균형 개발을 이루겠다는 것이었다. 그러나 1995년 4월 2억4천백85만 톤의 썩은 시화호 물을 서해로 당류하고 바닷물을 유입한 이래 2001년 2월 정부가 다시 해수호로 인정하기까지 이 호수는 숟한 우여 곡절과 정부의 잦은 정책 변경으로 자연 환경이 파괴되었으며 생태계 변화에 따른 인근 지역과 농작물에 많은 피해를 보았고 염색 공단에서 흘러나온 폐수로 인해 악취를 풍기는 등 오염이 심각해 완전히 실패로 돌아간 '환경실패대작'이라고 할 수 있다. 이렇게 된 데는 정책 집행 과정에서 환경오염 저해 요인에 대한 무사 안일한 대처, 비밀주의, 철저하지 못한 오폐수의 단속 등 정부 폭의 실책을 우선해서 말할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이런 것을 포함해서 시화호가 실패하게 된 여타 중요 요인에 대해서 알아보고 또 지속 가능한 활용방안 및 대책에 대해서 간략히 알아보고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.62-88
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• 2017

Global polarization at different scales has been more intensified than ever before. So, more complicated geographies are associated with global poverty and inequality, and their subsequent problems such as famine, disease, environmental degradation, and asylum seekers. These problems are apparently confined to specific countries and regions. However, they are a consequence of historical-geographic (post)colonial interconnectedness. In this sense, since the early 1960s, international development cooperation has significantly contributed to resolve or alleviate them. Especially, in 2015, the Millenium Development Goals(MDGs) project is finished and Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) are newly set up as a global project to end human poverty. It is assumed that donor's IDC to accomplish SDGs will be more complicatedly implemented because SDGs contain more expanded and diversified forms of project targets than before. They are both possibilities and limits in the sense of development geography.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.169-178
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• 2007

In this research we diagnosed the actual status of the 7th National science elective curriculum and suggested a way to select and organize the content of the new science elective curriculum. The first science education reform was grounded in the structuralism where the structure of discipline was valued above everything else. On the other hand, the second science education reform suggested alternative interpretations of students' opportunity to learn, putting a brake on the structuralist thinking. According to the survey result, the majority of the science elective courses are in need for revision because the contents are overcrowded, too difficult in light of students' learning readiness, failed to draw students' interest in science, and are overlapped and repeated among the 10th grade science, high school science I and II. In particular, Earth Science II and physics II are the most unfavorable courses among students. Thus, we recommended a fundamental change be made in the new curriculum in addition to the optimization of the content. In this paper, we suggested 'topic-centered content organization' for the science elective course I, i.e., Physics I, Chemistry I, Biology I and Earth Science I that is designed for both science track and non-science track students. Since curriculum provides students with an 'opportunity to learn', a curriculum study should focus on what the 'opportunity to learn' is that students ought to be offered. Based on the result of this study, we recommended one way to select and organize the content of high school elective curriculum.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.223-241
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to plan a direction for the connection of the area of inquiry in daily life between infants and young children in Korea based on the analysis of the early learning standards for infants aged 0~2, and young children aged 3~4/5 in 17 different states in America. The problem of the study is as follows: What is the content area of cognitive development, science and mathematics of early learning standards regarding age? The data used in this study was collected from a total of 17 states in America in which 12 states classify infants and young children as aged 0~2 and 3~4/5 respectively and 5 states do not classify the age groups. The results obtained from the analysis of the given issues are as follows. First, in the case of the five states that showed the group aged 0~4/5, the contents related to the area of inquiry in daily life of the early learning standards were included in the mathematics and science and a part of these contents were also included in cognitive developments. In the case of the 12 states that classified the groups aged 0~2 and 3~4/5 respectively, the group aged 0~2 included cognitive developments and the group aged 3~4/5 includes mathematics and science. Second, the contents related to the area of inquiry in daily life of the early learning standards in the five states that showed the single group aged 0~4/5 include the contents in order of scientific idea, biology, physics, and the earth and space. In the 12 states that classify different age groups. Third, in the case of the states that separate age groups, the group aged 0~2 include the contents of number and operation, geometry and space while the group aged 3~4/5 include the contents of number and operations, geometry and space, and measurement. The implications of this study was that it is necessary to take into account the linking between development and characteristics of the subjects.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.22 no.1_2
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• pp.139-192
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• 2000

1997년 외환위기 이후 우리나라의 정부부채는 급속히 증가하여 왔다. 일반적으로 재정적자 및 정부부채의 증가는 여러 가지 거시경제적 부작용을 초래할 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구의 목적은 그중에서 특히 재정악화의 결과 물가상승이 유발될 가능성을 실증적으로 살펴보는 것이다. 정부의 예산제약을 고려하면 재정악화는 궁극적으로 미래의 재정수지 흑자나 물가상승을 통하여 해소될 수 밖에 없다. 재정주의적 물가결정이론은 바로 이러한 점에 착안하여 재정이 물가의 결정에 대항 중요한 역할을 할 수 있음을 강조한다. 즉, 미래의 정부기초수지에 대한 예상이 일정하다면 물가는 궁극적으로 통화가 아니라 재정에 의하여 결정된다는 것이다. 그러나 반대로 미래의 통화정책에 대한 예상이 일정하다면 현재의 재정적자는 미래의 재정흑자를 유발할 뿐이며 물가에는 영향을 미치지 못할 것이다. 따라서 실제로 재정악화가 얼마나 물가상승을 유발할 것인가는 실증적으로 결정될 수밖에 없다. 기존의 OECD 국가들에 대한 실증분석에 의하면 재정수지는 통화량이나 물가에 대하여 뚜렷한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타난다. 그러나 기존의 실증분석들은 대부분 미래의 재정수지에 대한 예상을 제대로 고려하지 않고 있으므로, 이러한 결과가 재정주의적 물가결정이론에 대한 정확한 검정을 제공하는 것이라고 볼 수는 없다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제의식하에 선진국과 개도국의 자료를 이용하여 재정주의적 물가결정이론의 타당성을 재검토해보고자 한다. 먼저 선진국에 대해서는 VAR모형의 충격반응(Impules Response)을 이용하여 재정수지에 대한 예상을 직접 고려함으로써 앞서 설명한 편차의 가능성을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. 한편 개도국의 경우에는 일반적으로 재정규율이 낮을 것으로 예상되므로 미래의 재정수지에 대한 명시적인 고려가 없이도 재정적자 및 정부부채의 확대가 물가 및 통화량에 미치는 관계가 비교적 용이하게 관찰될 수 있을 것으로 예상할 수 있다. 본 연구의 실증결과에 의하면, 먼저 비교적 재정규율이 강할 것으로 예상되는 OECD 국가들에서는 기존의 실증분석결과와 마찬가지로 정부부채의 증가가 주로 그 이후의 기초수지의 개선을 통하여 보전되며 물가에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타난다. 그러나 OECD 국가들 가운데에서도 재정규율이 비교적 약한 나라들에서는 부채 증가 후 기초수지에 뚜렷한 변화가 관찰되지 않으며 따라서 물가가 상승하는 것으로 나타난다. 또한 재정규율이 일반적으로 약한 개도국들에서는 예상대로 부채수준이 높은 국가일수록 물가상승률이 높게 나타난다. 특히 개도국에서 GDP 대비 정부부채가 10%포인트 증가할 경우 물가상승률은 장기적으로 약 1.5~2%포인트 확대되는 것으로 추정된다. 이러한 결과는 정부부채에 일정한 상한이 존재함을 시사하는 것으로서, 대체로 재정주의적 견해와 일치하는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 우리나라에서도 만일 정부부채의 증가추세가 지속된다면 결국은 일반 국민의 조세부담이 증가하거나 아니면 물가상승이 유발될 수밖에 없을 것이다.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.585-597
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• 2013

In this study, in order to evaluate stability of the room-and-pillar underground structure, a series of preliminary numerical analyses were performed. Design concept and procedure of an underground structure for obtaining a space are proposed, which should be different from structural design for the room-and-pillar in mine. With assumed material properties, a series of numerical analyses were performed by varying size ratios of room and pillar and then the failure modes and location at yielding initiation were investigated. From the results, relationship between the ratio of pillar width to the roof span (w/s) and overburden pressure at failure initiation shows a relatively linear relation, and the effect of w/s on structural stability is much more critical than the ratio of pillar width and height (w/H) which is a crucial parameter in design of the room-and-pillar mining. It means that roof tensile failure and shear failure at shoulder and pillar are necessary to be considered together for confirming overall structural stability of the room-and-pillar structure, rather than considering the pillar stability only in mining. Failure modes and location at failure initiation were varied with respect to the ratio of room and pillar widths. Therefore, it is necessary to simultaneously consider stability of both roof span and pillar for design of underground structure by the room-and-pillar method.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.180-190
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• 2017

This is Kangwon Land casino case due to the damages of betting money, which is likely to affect the contents industry in the future. The reason why the gambler and his family's suit is that why the manager did not control their own access or did not supervise the wagering rules. The provisions of the "Restriction on the amount of money to be paid to the casino" in the Article 14 of the Enforcement Decree of the Act on the Support for the Development of the Abandoned Mine Area are not intended to increase the duty of the casino managers. It is just one of many public regulations imposed. No matter what legislation is made for public interest, it can not be considered equally in the private duty. If so, too much effort will be required to enact or amend the public law and this makes the legislative activity impossible. The Act on the Restriction on Access to the Casino shall be construed accordingly. From the point of view of economic efficiency theory, if we overestimate statutory duties (liability for compensation) excessively, the price goes up on the market, and the volume of transaction decreases drastically. This reduces the economic utility of resources in the society as a whole (total output, foreign currency acquisition amount, etc.).