• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.4-4
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• 2022

낙동강 하구 환경/생태 복원을 위하여 "해수유입"으로 하구환경을 조성하는 사업이 추진되고 있으며, 해수 유입 규모와 빈도에 따른 생태환경변화를 예측하는 연구수요가 증가하고 있는 상황이다. 보다 구체적으로는 단기간의 해수유입에 의한 흐름 및 염분 확산범위 예측과 더불어 보다 장기간의 지형변화, 수질환경 변화, 생태환경 변화 등에 대한 예측이 필요한 상황이다. 그리고 그 예측의 대부분을 수치모델에 크게 의존하고 있는 상황이다. 그러나, 수치모형을 이용한 단기 예측은 가까운 미래에 대한 입력조건을 사용하여야 하기 때문에 입력조건에 대한 불확실성이 포함되고, 환경생태모형의 불확실성에 따른 예측 한계 등으로 인하여 오차가 누적되기 때문에 직접적인 활용에 크게 제한이 따를 수 있다. 또한 운영과정에서 어떤 분산, 편향 오차 등이 지속적으로 발생하는 경우, 모델 예측 결과에 대한 신뢰수준이 크게 감소하기 때문에 모델의 적절한 운영기법이 요구된다. 모델은 관심을 가지는 자연현상에 대한 근사(approximation)이고, 예상하지 못한 오차가 발생할 수 있기 때문에 관측 자료를 이용한 자료동화(data assimilation) 과정이 운영모델에서는 필수적인 부분이다. 이론적인 기반이 탄탄한 유체역학 기반 기상예측의 경우에도, 가용한 모든 지점의 관측 자료를 이용한 자료 동화과정을 통하여 모델 예측 결과를 개선하여 나가는 과정을 포함하여 운영하고 있다. 이 과정이 포함하는 중요한 개념은 수치모델이 가지고 있는 (예측 수준의) 한계를 인정하고, 수치모델에 전적으로 의존하는 것이 아니라 관측 자료를 이용하여 그 한계를 저감하여 나가는 과정이다. 모니터링은 모델의 한계를 알려주는 지표이다. 모델링과 모니터링의 불가피한 상호의존 관계를 의미하는 이 개념은 단기간의 흐름, 염분 확산 예측으로 한정되지 않고, 장기적인 변화가 예상되는 생태환경변화 모델에도 적용이 된다. 즉각적인 변화보다는 장기적인 관점에서 파악하여야 하는 생태학적인 변화는 보다 다양한 인자가 관여하기 때문에 어떤 측면에서는 모델보다는 적절한 빈도와 항목에 대한 관측계획 수립(monitoring design)이 더 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 이론적인 질량보존(mass conservation) 방정식을 기반으로 하는 모델은 다양한 현실적인 인자의 영향을 받기 때문에 모델의 한계를 인정하고, 모니터링 자료를 적극적으로 활용하여 불확실성을 저감하는 접근방식이 요구된다.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.379-386
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• 2022

This study was conducted with 150 pre-service early childhood teachers at G University in G Metropolitan City to find out the perceptions of pre-service early childhood teachers on climate change. The questionnaires were collected and frequency, percentage, and multiple response analysis were conducted. As a result of the study, first, all pre-service early childhood teachers perception of climate change was recognized, and a sufficient understanding of the concept of greenhouse effect, concept of climate change, and types of greenhouse gases was required, and scientific knowledge was insufficient. Second, about the relationship between climate change and humans, the causes of global warming and the signals of climate change were properly recognized. The awareness of the effects of global warming was high, but the comprehensive understanding was insufficient. Third, the convention on climate change knows to some extent how to respond to climate change, and the international community recognizes the subject of climate change prevention, and climate mitigation efforts are limited to individuals. It was found that most of the practical contents for reducing carbon emissions in daily life are being practiced well. These results are intended to provide basic data for the development of educational programs for pre-service early childhood teachers on climate change.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.753-764
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• 2006

The concept of blood circulation is so complex, dynamic and abstract that students have difficulty in understanding it and students' preconceptions hardly change into scientific concepts even after the lessons. The purpose of this study is to examine middle school, high school, and undergraduate students' understanding of blood circulation and to find the reason why the lack of deep understanding is displayed in students' explanations for the blood circulation. The study consists of three parts. First, the test was designed to investigate students' ideas for blood circulation as components of the structure, the function, the behavior and the mechanism. Second, the test was applied to 7th, 10th and 13th graders to investigate the students' understanding of blood circulation and categorize the types of students' blood circulation model according to their academic level. Finally, the concepts the students had little understanding of were analyzed to decide which ontological category they fell into and further to inquire the characteristics of each concept. The results showed that many students comprehend the structure and the function of blood circulation components well, and there was no significant difference in students' understanding according to the academic level. In contrast, understanding the behavior and the mechanism of circulatory components has remarkably improved in high school students and undergraduates majoring in science and engineering. Also, students' blood circulation models were classified into seven different types. High school students and undergraduates majoring in science and engineering demonstrated a significantly higher percentage on the type of double-loop-branch compared to other academic levels. In addition, it was found that the lack of deep understanding was caused by students' misconceiving the 'equilibrium' category as 'event' category.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2008

The concept of UX(User Experience) has been an important issue both in academic and practical areas in recent years. However, the concept had either been lacking an implicit definition or confused with otherrelated concepts in most cases. In this paper, a conceptual definition of UX and the optimal UX in HCI as well as conditions of it is presented based on John Dewey's pragmatism. Also, due to the current shifts in the technological environment in HCI, it is impossible to fully explain the phenomena by using the current concept of UX as users experience technology not only individually but also socially. Therefore, this paper introduces the concept of users' shared experience, co-experience(CX), and its requisites.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the 7th national science curriculum (chemistry domain) regarding the meanings of ‘mulgil' (Korean), the particulate nature of matter, and the state of matter. It was found that the term of ‘mulgil' was being used vaguely as representing material, matter, or substance without clear definition. This was problematic by reason that it could hinder students from having the concept of substance. Regarding the particulate nature of matter, molecule was introduced as a basic unit of matter at grade 7, prior to atom and ion, which were introduced at grade 9 and 10, respectively. It is necessary to reconsider the sequence of each particle concept to provide students with more consistent and comprehensive understanding of structure of matter. In the case of change of state, key concepts such as conservation of matter or reversibility were omitted in the curriculum document, and explanations based on various aspects of particles were somewhat insufficient. The concept of matter is fundamental to chemistry, and we must recognize it as a concept that needs to be taught clearly. Implications for curriculum revision were discussed.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.209-221
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• 2018

Angle concepts have a multifaceted nature such as quantitative aspects as the amount of rotation, qualitative aspects as geometric shapes, and relationship aspects made with planes or lines. This study analysed angle concepts and introduction methods of angles in elementary mathematics textbooks which have been used from the Syllabus Period to the 2015 Revised Mathematics Curriculum. First, the concepts of angles in mathematics textbooks focus through the definitions, representations, and components of angles presented in mathematics textbooks are analyzed. Secondly, how various aspects of each angle are sequenced through the tasks or activties in the introduction of lesson is looked. As a result of analysis, the methods of introducing angles in the changes of mathematics textbooks have mainly focused on learning about geometric shapes and relations of components. In the mathematics classroom, students should experience various aspects of geometric shapes, rotations, relational aspects of points, lines and surfaces, and support and link them to form a wide range of concepts.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.406-414
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• 2006

This study investigated 7th grade students' context dependency on explanations about propagating path of light in three different contextual problems: observation of an object, observation of an object's image in a mirror, and observation of one's own face reflection in a mirror. Researchers examined student response in each context through interviews. The students were classified into four groups according to their explanations for the three different contexts. Each group was redivided into two or three subgroups in accordance with their conceptual features. After that, researchers investigated the characteristics of each subgroup. Main findings of the study indicated that (1) group 1 students' conceptions differed in each context; (2) group 2 students showed scientific conceptions in C1 context but in C2 context they showed visual ray conceptions or image misconceptions; (3) group 3 students did not show scientific conceptions in C3 context by strong misconceptions about one's own face reflection in the mirror. Also, this paper discussed the educational implications of the results.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.909-916
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• 2010

This study aims to establish storage stability conditions for cook-chilled korean ethenic foods. In order to achieve this aims, we establish a probability model of microbial counts of cook-chilled korean side dishes product-seasoned soybean sprouts. And seasoned soybean sprouts were stored during 1 to 5 days under constant temperature conditions at 0, 5, 10 and $15^{\circ}C$. Next we find confidence intervals for variation in the microbiological quality of seasoned soybean sprouts.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.5 s.83
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• pp.35-45
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• 2005

The speed enforcement camera has been regarded as one of the most important safety countermeasures. Drivers decelerate in front of the speed enforcement camera and gain speed up after passing the camera. So there is a strong need to develop the method how to place the camera to overcome this problem. This study applied the concept of design consistency to the installation of the camera, so speed difference along the road sections should be controlled within the predetermined boundary. Specially, this study also regarded camera as the one of the elements of the road alignments which can change the speed of drivers abruptly, and suggested the way to put this concept into the selection of the placement of the camera.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2017.07a
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• pp.380-383
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• 2017

과학에서 사용하는 모델은 자연 그 자체가 아니면 자연을 단순화하여 표현한 표상이다. 그렇기 때문에 각 모델은 자연을 표상하기 위한 특정한 알고리즘을 갖는다. 그러므로 과학 모델에 대한 이해는 자연을 표상하기 위한 특정한 알고리즘이 무엇인지에 대한 이해가 필수적이다. 이러한 특정한 알고리즘에 대한 이해와 이를 바탕으로 한 다른 현상의 예측과 설명을 위한 도구로 본 논문은 스크래치를 활용하였다. 또한 과학의 모델에 대한 이해의 소재로 대학생뿐만 아니라 많은 과학교사 조차도 대안개념에 머물러 있는 뜨거나 가라앉는 현상을 선정하였다. 연구대상은 K대학원 교육대학원 멀티미디어와 과학교육을 수강한 17명의 과학교사이며, 스크래치를 통해 기본 알고리즘 3시간, 응용 알고리즘 3시간을 투입하였다. 모델에 대한 이해를 위해 뜨거나 가라 앉는 현상에 때한 LP설문지를 사전, 사후검사에 실시하였다. 1차적으로 양적변화를 통해 이 현상에 대한 개념의 수준의 변화를 알아보았으며, 2차적으로 인터뷰와 자기보고식 설문지를 이용하여 모델에 대한 이해를 질적으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 과학교사들은 현상에 대한 개념에 대한 수준이 상승하였으며, 질적자료 분석 결과, 모델에 대한 깊은 이해(depth)와 전이능력(transfer)이 증가하였다. 이는 스크래치를 통해 과학 모델의 이해를 높일 수 있음을 시사한다.