• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.791-799
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• 2014

For development of dyeability, the rayon fabrics were dyed repeatedly with persimmon juice by padding mangle. The merit of padding-based dyeing was easier color reproduction over traditional hand dyeing where various colors and color fastness to light and laundering are hard to obtain. We evaluated the mechanical properties and hand value by Kawabata Evaluation system for dyed rayon fabrics. The results obtained from this study were as follows. With the increase of repeating padding times of dyeing, the linearity load-extension curve and tensile energy per unit length of the rayon fabrics were increased, but the tensile resilience of fabrics were decreased. The value of shear stiffness and shear hysteresis were increased. Also compression resilience and linearity of compression thickness were increased. The rayon fabrics dyed with persimmon juice had shown the thickness and weight increase as the number of padding increase. As repeating times of dyeing with persimmon juice were increased, among the 6 hand values, the item of koshi(stiffness) and Hari(anti-drape stiffness), fukurami(fullness and softness) were increased. while Shinayakasa (flexibility with soft feeling) and Shari(crispness) were greately decreased. The amount of coated persimmon juice on the surface of the fabric was gradually increased as the padding times of dyeing.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.115-126
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• 2005

Environmentally and human compatible chitosan were pretreated on cotton fabrics which were then dyed with 100% persimmon juice. The chitosan concentration was 1% and the chitosan types were high molecular weight chitosan (1980cps), low molecular weight chitosan (18첸), chitosan oligomer and water soluble chitosan. The properties of the fabric surfaces, the dyeabilities, the color fastnesses, the antibacterial activities, the strengths, the elongations and the drape stiffnesses were evaluated. The properties of the chitosanpretreated, persimmon juice-dyed cotton fabrics (CLP) were compared to those of the untreated (CN), chitosan treated (CL) and persimmon juice-dyed fabrics (CP). The results were as follows. The fibers extruded from the surface of CN decreased on CP. The air between the fibers within CN were substituted by chitosan solution or persimmon juiceand decreased within CLP according to SEM observations. The effects of chitosan treatment, the chitosan molecular weights and the degrees of deacetylation of chitosan on the dyeabilities of the persimmon juice-dyed cotton fabric were not distinct. The curing after chitosan padding improved the dyeabilities of CLP compare to noncuring. The strengths of CP decreased and those of CL increased, compared to those of CN. The strengths of CLP were greater than those of CP. The elogations of CP and CL were greater than those of CN. The strengths and elongations of CLP were greater than those of CN. The chitosan treatments improved the strengths but not the elongations. The drape stiffnesses of CL, CP and CLP were greater than those of CN. The antibacterial activites of chitosan pretreated, persimmon juice-dyed cotton fabrics against Staphylococcus aureus were increased by more than 98% by persimmon juice.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.197-206
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to dye hanji/cotton fabrics using persimmon juice and to investigate the change in the hand fabrics. Using the Kawabata Evaluation System, we have examined the changes in the physical properties, primary hand value and total hand value. The dynamic characteristics of hanji/cotton fabrics have been explored by tensile, shear, bending, compression, surface properties, thickness and weight. As a result, it can be seen that the linearity of load-extension and tensile resilience are increased with the increase of the concentration and dyeing times of persimmon juice and tensile energy is decreased in the same condition. These behaviors are shown in the compression properties. Although the mechanism of persimmon juice dyeing has been widely discussed, it means that the fabrics dyed with persimmon juice become stiffened and the elasticity is increased with the introduction of persimmon on the fabrics studied. Bending rigidity and hysteresis of the bending moment are increased with the increase of the concentration and dyeing times of persimmon juice. Also, Geometrical roughness, expressed in SMD is increased with increasing the concentration and dyeing times of persimmon juice, compared with as-received. It indicates that these results are due to the geometric structure of hanji yarn and the introduction of persimmon juice on the fabrics studied. The fullness and softness with the soft feeing are increased a little due to the tannin component of persimmon juice introduced on the fiber surface.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.1 s.149
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• pp.115-124
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• 2006

Natural dyes are environmentally and human compatible. But they are not various or not fast in color. The mixed dyeing have been attempted to solve these disadventages of natural dyes. The persimmon juice dyed fabrics have brown-color and good hygienic properities however low color fastness. The onion dyeing show similar brown-color and have good color fastness caused by querectin existed in onion outer skins. Mixed dyeing was carryied out on silk fabrics using persimmion juice and onion outer skin extract in this study. The mixing method were persimmon juice dyeing and then onion dyeing(P-O), onion dyeing and then persimmon juice dyeing(O-P) and dyeing in the mixture of persimmon juice and onion outer skin extract simultaneously(P+O). The mordants were none-mordent, gallic acid after-treatment and alum after-treatment. Several persimmon juice dyed fabrics were irradiated for 2 hours before onion dyeing(PU-O). The color values of dyed silk fabrics were as follows. The persimmon juice dyed silk fabric developed to yellow-red color after 2 hours of uv irradiation. Onion dyed fabrics show similar yellow-red color after dyeing without uv irradiation. The effect of alum after-treatment on color difference were highest in onion dyeing. The dyeabilities of both P-O and O-P were higher than persimmom juice dyeing and onion dyeing. The dyeabilities of P+O was lower than persimmom juice dyeing and onion dyeing. The value of color difference of alum-treated fabric was the highest. The color difference of P-O and O-P caused from 2 to 4 hours of uv-irradiation were lower than those of persimmon juice dyed fabrics. Onion skin extract could prevent the color-change of persimmon juice dyed fabrics in mixed dyeing. The color difference of PU-O was higher than the P-O.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.5 s.153
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• pp.772-778
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• 2006

Silk organza can make the silhouette of clothes bulky and rich, owing to its stiffness. And silk organza in the gum has better dyeability so can be dyed more bright and deeper color than scoured silk because silk organza has sericin gum that has better dyeability than fibroin. So, silk organza came into the most broad use as the material for Hanbok, especially in summer. But the silk organza has poor color fastness. Sericin is removed from organza when silk organza go through scouring. The purpose of this research is to find out the optimum conditions that the scoured silk fabrics can get stiffness by persimmon juice treatment. For experiments, non scoured, partially scoured and fully scoured silk fabrics were prepared by alkali treatments. Then 3 kinds of silk fabrics were treated with the concentration of 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100% of persimmon Juice. The change of fiber surface of the various silk fabrics were observed By SEM. The hand values of those fabric samples also were measured hand values by Kawabata Evaluation System and stiffness by Cantilaver method. By scouring, the silk organza got more flexibility and less cohesiveness between their fibers. And it can be a little more bulky by removing gum. Namely, silk organza lost its unique stiff and crisp handle. By the persimmon juice treatment, tannin component could be coated on the fiber surface. so that the stiffness of the fabrics were improved.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1999

Dyeing and discoloration effects on the fabrics of cotton, silk and rayon with unriped persimmon juice were investigated. Color of dyed fabrics treated with persimmon juice only, added 3% tartaric acid or 3% aluminium sulfate was not different each other. Dyeing assistants such as tartaric acid or aluminium sulfate were effective on the prevention from discoloration of dyed fabrics and ultraviolet rays. Discoloration were supposed to derive from tannin in unriped persimmon, ultraviolet rays, oxygen, enzyme and so on, ultraviolet rays at wavelength of 253.7nm was the most active the chromatophores and discoloration. The fabrics could be dyed, when unriped persimmon juice was store at low temperature or freezing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.73-86
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• 2014

Persimmon juice dye-printed fabrics with printing were used for a Galot one-piece dress. The Galot dress was assessed in comparison to a white undyed one-piece dress of the same design through a wearing test conducted in a climatic chamber with an air temperature of $30{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, $50{\pm}5%$ R.H, and 0.2m/sec air movement on 4 healthy female subjects in their 20s. The subjects went through a 30-min stable period, a 30-min exercise of walking on a $5^{\circ}$ slope treadmill at 70m/min period, and a 20-min recovery period. In addition, a physiological reaction and subjective sensation were estimated. The results showed that significant differences were mostly observed from a sweating period that occurred during the latter half of the exercise. More specific results are as follows. First, skin temperature on the chest and mean skin temperature were significantly higher (p<.01) in rayon dyed sample dresses. Second, micro-humidity on the back showed a significant difference (p<.01). Both cotton and rayon persimmon juice dyed sample dresses produced lower microhumidity than their counterparts and as for cotton the difference occurred over the entire experimental period; however, it occurred after the middle of the exercise period for rayon. Third, the sweating rate on the back decreased in both cotton and rayon with persimmon juice dye but no significant difference was observed. Fourth, subjective three sensations revealed significant differences between cotton and rayon (p<.01), indicating that the subjects felt more cool, dryer and more comfortable in a cotton Galot. As described above, the analysis of physiological responses and the subjective sensation of undyed and dyed clothing shows the effect of persimmon juice dyeing. Persimmon juice dyeing also seemly increased air permeability, moisture regain and permeability facilitating body heat ventilation, as micro-humidity and sweat rate were lowered. However, this was not shown consistently in subjective responses on comfort especially when wearing rayon dresses.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 2016

Synthetic fabrics, such as nylon and polyester, were dyed with persimmon juice by using a padding mangle repeatedly. The mechanical properties of these synthetic fabrics were analyzed using the Kawabata evaluation system. The following findings were obtained from this investigation. As the number of repetitions of padding dyeing increased, the tensile energy per unit area and the tensile resilience of synthetic fabric remained almost unchanged, whereas the linearity of the load-extension curve of the synthetic fabrics increased. As the number of padding repetitions increased, the synthetic fabrics dyed with persimmon juice exhibited increases in thickness and weight. As the number of repetitions of padding treatment with persimmon juice increased, the values of stiffness, anti-drape stiffness, fullness, and softness also increased, whereas the flexibility with soft feeling, crispness, and scrooping sensation significantly decreased. The amount of coated persimmon juice on the surface of the fabrics increased after three repetitions of padding treatment with persimmon juice. Nylon and polyester fabrics were dyed evenly with persimmon juice treated using a padding mangle.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.241-249
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• 2011

Cotton fabrics was treated with persimmon juice by padding and their dyeability and functionality were assessed including antibacterial activity and deodorization ratio. The merit of padding-based dyeing was easier color reproduction over traditional hand dyeing where various colors and color fastness to light and laundering are hard to obtain. With larger number of padding, the dyed fabrics showed deeper red-yellow colors, which had low brightness and high chromatic colors. The dyed cotton fabrics had a perspiration fastness of 4~5 rating, a rubbing fastness of 3~4 rating, and a washing fastness of 4 rating, As the number of padding and exposed time to sunlight or UV light increase, the values of K/S and ${\Delta}E$ increased and the colors became much deeper gradually. The color development had completed about 70 hours exposure to UV. Among the light sources, the dyed fabrics exposed to UV light showed deeper yellow-red color than those of exposed to sunlight. The cotton fabrics treated with premordants like Al, Cr, Cu, and Sn revealed strong yellow colors, especially the fabrics treated with Fe mordant showed greenish red-yellow colors. As the padding times of dyeing with persimmon juice increased, stiffness and water repellent property were enhanced in warp and weft directions, respectively. Also, the dyed fabrics have good antibacterial activity and deodorization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.955-967
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• 1995

This study was performed to investigate the physical and chemical properties of the 5 kinds of fabrics dyed with persimmon juice and undyed fabrics. The difference between dyed and undyed fabrics was checked experimentally. Obtained results are as follows. 1. Bending length and flex stiffness were increased after dyeing, and tensile strength of waif i3l fabrics except Ramie was also increased. 2. Abrasion resistance was improved in Ramie and Hemp after dyeing but the rest of fabrics were decreased. 3. Crease resistance of dyed fabrics was roughly worse than that of undyed fabrics. 4. Air permeability remarkably increased after dyeing and this fact estabilished that the traditional Gal-01 was cool clothing. 5. Water repellency in Cotton 1 and Polyester rises but the rest of fabrics were not changed. Therefore it is found that this repellency related to the their fabric counts. 6. Blocking effect of UV light and visible ray was increased in all dyed fabrics. Especially dyed Cotton 1 and Polyester blocked UV light almost perfectly. 7. The colorfastness to soaping and sunlight was proved to less than 3 grade in all fabrics after dyeing. It indicates that this colorfastness became worse owing to dyeing. 8. The colorfastness to dry cleaning and water was decided to more than 3 grade in all fabrics. 9. The colorfastness of the dyed fabrics to sweat after exposing to man-made acid sweat solution was good so that was decided above 3 grade. However after exposing to man-made alkalic sweat solution it became worse owing to dyeing.