• 대한수학회지
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.1305-1319
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• 2014

A submodule N of a right R-module M is called coneat if for every simple right R-module S, any homomorphism $N{\rightarrow}S$ can be extended to a homomorphism $M{\rightarrow}S$. M is called coneat-flat if the kernel of any epimorphism $Y{\rightarrow}M{\rightarrow}0$ is coneat in Y. It is proven that (1) coneat submodules of any right R-module are coclosed if and only if R is right K-ring; (2) every right R-module is coneat-flat if and only if R is right V -ring; (3) coneat submodules of right injective modules are exactly the modules which have no maximal submodules if and only if R is right small ring. If R is commutative, then a module M is coneat-flat if and only if $M^+$ is m-injective. Every maximal left ideal of R is finitely generated if and only if every absolutely pure left R-module is m-injective. A commutative ring R is perfect if and only if every coneat-flat module is projective. We also study the rings over which coneat-flat and flat modules coincide.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.187-204
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• 2018

Let $R={\bigoplus}_{{\alpha}{\in}{\Gamma}}\;R_{\alpha}$ be a graded integral domain, H be the set of nonzero homogeneous elements of R, and ${\star}$ be a semistar operation on R. The purpose of this paper is to study the properties of $quasi-Pr{\ddot{u}}fer$ and UMt-domains of graded integral domains. For this reason we study the graded analogue of ${\star}-quasi-Pr{\ddot{u}}fer$ domains called $gr-{\star}-quasi-Pr{\ddot{u}}fer$ domains. We study several ring-theoretic properties of $gr-{\star}-quasi-Pr{\ddot{u}}fer$ domains. As an application we give new characterizations of UMt-domains. In particular it is shown that R is a $gr-t-quasi-Pr{\ddot{u}}fer$ domain if and only if R is a UMt-domain if and only if RP is a $quasi-Pr{\ddot{u}}fer$ domain for each homogeneous maximal t-ideal P of R. We also show that R is a UMt-domain if and only if H is a t-splitting set in R[X] if and only if each prime t-ideal Q in R[X] such that $Q{\cap}H ={\emptyset}$ is a maximal t-ideal.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.887-893
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• 1996

Let (R,m) be a Cohen-Macaulay local ring with an infinite residue field and let $J = (a_1, \cdots, a_l)$ be a minimal reduction of an equimultiple ideal I of R. In this paper we shall prove that the following conditions are equivalent: (1) $I^2 = JI$. (2) $gr_I(R)/mgr_I(R)$ is Cohen-Macaulay with minimal multiplicity at its maximal homogeneous ideal N. (3) $N^2 = (a'_1, \cdots, a'_l)N$, where $a'_i$ denotes the images of $a_i$ in I/mI for $i = 1, \cdots, l$.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2007

A connection between weak ${\pi}-regularity$ and the condition every prime ideal is maximal will be investigated. We prove that a certain 2-primal ring R is weakly ${\pi}-regular$ if and only if every prime ideal is maximal. This result extends several known results nontrivially. Moreover a characterization of minimal prime ideals is also considered.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.915-927
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• 2000

This paper is concerned with degenerate Volterra equations Mu(t) + ∫(sub)0(sup)t k(t-s) Lu(s)ds = f(t) in Banach spaces both in the hyperbolic case, and the parabolic one. The key assumption is played by the representation of the underlying space X as a direct sum X = N(T) + R(T), where T is the bounded linear operator T = ML(sup)-1. Hyperbolicity means that the part T of T in R(T) is an abstract potential operator, i.e., -T(sup)-1 generates a C(sub)0-semigroup, and parabolicity means that -T(sup)-1 generates an analytic semigroup. A maximal regularity result is obtained for parabolic equations. We will also investigate the cases where the kernel k($.$) is degenerated or singular at t=0 using the results of Pruss[8] on analytic resolvents. Finally, we consider the case where $\lambda$ is a pole for ($\lambda$L + M)(sup)-1.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.89-111
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• 2020

In the present paper, we give some characterization of the L₂ maximal estimate for the operator P^t_a,γf(Γ(x, t)) along curve with complex time, which is defined by $$P^t_{a,{\gamma}}f({\Gamma}(x,t))={\displaystyle\smashmargin{2}{\int\nolimits_{\mathbb{R}}}}\;e^{i{\Gamma}(x,t){\xi}}e^{it{\mid}{\xi}{\mid}^a}e^{-t^{\gamma}{\mid}{\xi}{\mid}^a}{\hat{f}}({\xi})d{\xi}$$, where t, γ > 0 and a ≥ 2, curve Γ is a function such that Γ : ℝ×[0, 1] → ℝ, and satisfies Hölder's condition of order σ and bilipschitz conditions. The authors extend the results of the Schrödinger type with complex time of Bailey [1] and Cho, Lee and Vargas [3] to Schrödinger operators along the curves.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.809-822
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• 2007

Certain weak type endpoint estimates are established for maximal commutators generated by $Calder\acute{o}n-Zygmund$ operators and $Osc_{exp}L^{\gamma}({\mu})$ functions for ${\gamma}{\ge}1$ under the condition that the underlying measure only satisfies some growth condition, where the kernels of $Calder\acute{o}n-Zygmund$ operators only satisfy the standard size condition and some $H\ddot{o}rmander$ type regularity condition, and $Osc_{exp}L^{\gamma}({\mu})$ are the spaces of Orlicz type satisfying that $Osc_{exp}L^{\gamma}({\mu})$ = RBMO(${\mu}$) if ${\gamma}$ = 1 and $Osc_{exp}L^{\gamma}({\mu}){\subset}RBMO({\mu})$ if ${\gamma}$ > 1.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.865-872
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• 2020

Let X ⊂ ℙ^r be an integral and non-degenerate variety. Set n := dim(X). Let 𝜌(X)" be the maximal integer such that every zero-dimensional scheme Z ⊂ X smoothable in X is linearly independent. We prove that X is linearly normal if 𝜌(X)" ≥ 2⌈(r + 2)/2⌉ and that 𝜌(X)" < 2⌈(r + 1)/(n + 1)⌉, unless either n = r or X is a rational normal curve.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.841-849
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• 1997

A square matrix A with $per A \neq 0$ is called convertible if there exists a {1, -1} matrix H such that $per A = det(H \circ A)$ where $H \circ A$ denote the Hadamard product of H and A. In this paper, ranks of convertible {0, 1} matrices are investigated and the existence of maximal convertible matrices with its rank r for each integer r with $\left\lceil \frac{n}{2} \right\rceil \leq r \leq n$ is proved.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

We prove that if R is a commutative ring, then every maximal ideal of R is idempotent if and only if every locally noetherian (locally artinian) R-module is semisimple.