• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.137-142
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was to observe the surface and interfacial characteristic of Zirconia by surface treatment. And it was observed the roughness and contact angle according to processing, and the interfacial properties by surface treatment on zirconia. Methods: The oxide formation and ion diffusion between core and veneer ceramic were determined by the X-ray Dot Mapping of EPMA(Electron probe micro analyzer). The roughness was measured by 3D Digital microscope and the contact angle according to processing of zirconia was observed using distilled water on the surface. Results: The surface roughness of the specimens Z04, Z12, Z15 was measured $0.67({\pm}0.03){\mu}m$, $0.50({\pm}0.12){\mu}m$, $0.35({\pm}0.09){\mu}m$, respectively. As results of contact angle test, Z04, Z12, Z15 of specimen group without binder treatment was measured $46.79({\pm}3.17)^{\circ}$, $57.47({\pm}4.83)^{\circ}$, $56.19({\pm}2.66)^{\circ}$, respectively. but, L04, L12, L15 of specimen group without binder treatment was measured $63.84({\pm}2.20)^{\circ}$, $66.08({\pm}0.16)^{\circ}$, $65.10({\pm}1.01)^{\circ}$, respectively. Average contact angle of L15 was measured $65.10({\pm}1.01)^{\circ}$. In X-ray Dot Mapping results, thickness of binder including Al element was measured that each of L04, L12, L15 were $20{\mu}m$, $15{\mu}m$, $10{\mu}m$. Conclusion: The more rough surface increases the wettability, but the sintered exclusive binder decreases the wettability.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.16-20
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• 2006

The flowers of Hemisteptia lyrata B. afforded two known acylglycerylgalactosides, 2',3'-di-O-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)glyceryl ${\beta}$-D-galactopyranoside (1) and 2'-O-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)glyceryl ${\beta}$-D-galactopyranoside (2), and a new sesquiterpene galactopyranoside, 7-eudesmene-1${\beta}$,4${\beta}$-diol-1-O-${\beta}$-D-galactopyranoside (3). This is the first time that galactopyranosides (1-3) have been isolated from the genus Hemisteptia. Their structures and stereochemistry were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR data, including COSY, NOESY and HMBC experiments.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.123-133
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• 2007

Z-axis automatic tube current modulation technique automatically adjusts tube current based on size of body region scanned. The purpose of the current study was to compare noise, and radiation dose of multi-detector row CT (MDCT) of lower extremity performed with Z-axis modulation technique of automatic tube current modulation with manual selection fixed tube current. Fifty consecutive underwent MDCT venography of lower extremity with use of a MDCT scanner fixed tube current and Z-axis automatic tube current modulation technique (10, 11 and 12 HU noise index, $70{\sim}450\;mA$). Scanning parameters included 120 kVp, 0.5 second gantry rotation time, 1.35:1 beam pitch, and 1 mm reconstructed section thickness. For each subject, images obtained with Z-axis modulation were compared with previous images obtained with fixed tube current (200, 250, 300 mA) and with other parameters identical. Images were compared for noise at five levels: iliac, femoral, popliteal, tibial, and peroneal vein of lower extremity. Tube current and gantry rotation time used for acquisitions at these levels were recorded. All CT examinations of study and control groups were diagnostically acceptable, though objective noise was significantly more with Z-axis automatic tube current modulation. Compared with fixed tube current, 2-axis modulation resulted in reduction of CTDIvol (range, $-6.5%{\sim}-35.6%$) and DLP (range, $-0.2%{\sim}-20.2%$). Compared with manually selected fixed tube current, 2-axis automatic tube current modulation resulted in reduced radiation dose at MDCT of lower extremity venography.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.141-144
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• 2005

J2EE 환경 기반의 IBM DB2 for z/OS 데이터 베이스를 적용한 어플리케이션에서 성능이 상대적으로 저하되는 문제가 발생 하였다. 즉, J2EE (Java 2, Enterprise Edition) 환경에서 동일한 어플리케이션을 Unix 서버의 오라클 데이터 베이스와 IBM DB2에 적용하여 비교한 결과 DB2부문에 대한 TPS가 작고 Transaction Elapsed Time이 오래 걸리며 CPU Utilization이 낮았다. 이러한 초기 결과값을 Baseline으로 설정하여 DB2를 데이터 베이스 서버로 사용하는 경우 어플리케이션의 성능을 개선 하기 위한 요소를 도출하고 성능 향상을 위한 조정 작업을 통해 DB2의 성능을 개선했다.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.377-389
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• 2019

We evaluate the convolution sum $W_{a,b}(n):=\sum_{al+bm=n}{\sigma}(l){\sigma}(m)$ for (a, b) = (1, 28),(4, 7),(2, 7) for all positive integers n. We use a modular form approach. We also re-evaluate the known sums $W_{1,14}(n)$ and $W_{1,7}(n)$ with our method. We then use these evaluations to determine the number of representations of n by the octonary quadratic form $x^2_1+x^2_2+x^2_3+x^2_4+7(x^2_5+x^2_6+x^2_7+x^2_8)$. Finally we express the modular forms ${\Delta}_{4,7}(z)$, ${\Delta}_{4,14,1}(z)$ and ${\Delta}_{4,14,2}(z)$ (given in [10, 14]) as linear combinations of eta quotients.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.649-657
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• 2000

The 2-step competition graph of D has the same vertex set as D and an edge between vertices x and y if and only if there exist (x, z)-walk of length 2 and (y, z)-walk of length 2 for some vertex z in D. The 2-step competition number of a graph G is the smallest number k such that G together with k isolated vertices is the 2-step competition graph of an acyclic digraph. Cho, et al. showed that the 2-step competition number of a path of length at least two is two. In this paper, we characterize all the minimal acyclic digraphs whose 2-step competition graphs are paths of length n with two isolated vertices and construct all such digraphs.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.75-85
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the stretching and recreation exercise including health education on physical flexibility and health behavior compliance of women in elderly. Subjects included 28 women elderly who were residents of H Dong, Dondae moon-Gu, Seoul. The treatment intervention was applied during total 8 weeks as 5 times/week for stretching exercise with 2 times/weeks for health education. Data collection were from February to April, 2004. SPSS Window program was used by aims of this study for data analysis. The results were as following: 1. 75 old age above (39.3%) was the most of age in subjects. None education (42.9%) was the most of subjects in this study. Perceived health state was the most as 71.4% in moderate and good health state. 2. Physical flexibility of both shoulder(right z=-4.301, p=,000)(left z=-4.306), both arm(right z=-3.623, p=.0001)(left z=4.111, p=.0001), heel on both ankle(right z=-3.472, p=.0001) (left z=956, p=.0001), both before food(right z=-4.205, p=.0001)left(z=4.191, p=.0001) and both knee(right z=-4.118, p=.0001)(left z=4.082, p=.0001) was increased after 8 weeks more than before stretching and recreation exercise including health education were done. 3. Health behavior compliance(z=-4.073, p=.0001) was significantly on the effect. Therefore, it is confirmed that stretching exercise included health education is an effective nursing intervention for physical, mental, and psychological health management in elderly. Accordingly, authors are proposing that variously effective health management exercise programs must be developed for elderly, at the same time, the application and following up on the programs will be more important in the future.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.21-26
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• 2000

Cytokine deprivation-induced apoptosis can abrogate by the appropriate survival factors. Because the mechanism of Interleukin (IL)-2 deprived apoptotic cell death remains unclear, we here show the apoptosis in CTLL2 cells correlates with an increase of the activity of caspase3-like protease(s). Inhibition of caspase3-like protease(s) with caspase protease inhibitors (Z-VAD, Z-EVD, and Z-LPD) blocks typical apoptotic morphological abnormalities in CTLL2 cells. Interestingly, Bcl-{TEX}$X_{L}${/TEX} protein was decreased by IL-2 deprivation in the cells. These results suggest that caspase3-like protease(s), not caspase1, plays an important role in apoptosis execution of CTLL2 cell death.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.385-397
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• 2003

In this paper, we introduce and study a system of nonlinear implicit variational inclusions (SNIVI) in real Banach spaces: determine elements $x^{*},\;y^{*},\;z^{*}\;\in\;E$ such that ${\theta}\;{\in}\;{\alpha}T(y^{*})\;+\;g(x^{*})\;-\;g(y^{*})\;+\;A(g(x^{*}))\;\;\;for\;{\alpha}\;>\;0,\;{\theta}\;{\in}\;{\beta}T(z^{*})\;+\;g(y^{*})\;-\;g(z^{*})\;+\;A(g(y^{*}))\;\;\;for\;{\beta}\;>\;0,\;{\theta}\;{\in}\;{\gamma}T(x^{*})\;+\;g(z^{*})\;-\;g(x^{*})\;+\;A(g(z^{*}))\;\;\;for\;{\gamma}\;>\;0,$ where T, g : $E\;{\rightarrow}\;E,\;{\theta}$ is zero element in Banach space E, and A : $E\;{\rightarrow}\;{2^E}$ be m-accretive mapping. By using resolvent operator technique for n-secretive mapping in real Banach spaces, we construct some new iterative algorithms for solving this system of nonlinear implicit variational inclusions. The convergence of iterative algorithms be proved in q-uniformly smooth Banach spaces and in real Banach spaces, respectively.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.26 no.1_2
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• pp.107-120
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• 2008

There has been a recent growth of interest in codes with respect to a newly defined non-Hamming metric grown as the Rosenbloom-Tsfasman metric (RT, or $\rho$, in short). In this paper, the definitions of the Lee complete $\rho$ weight enumerator and the exact complete $\rho$ weight enumerator of a code over $M_n_\times_s(Z_4)$ are given, and the MacWilliams identities with respect to this RT metric for the two weight enumerators of a linear code over $M_n_\times_s(Z_4)$ are proven too. At last, we also prove that the MacWilliams identities for the Lee and exact complete $\rho$ weight enumerators of a linear code over $M_n_\times_s(Z_4)$ are the generalizations of the MacWilliams identities for the Lee and complete weight enumerators of the corresponding code over $Z_4$.