• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2015

Fall-related injuries in elderly people are a major health care problem. This paper introduces determination of fall direction before impact using support vector machine (SVM). Once a falling phase is detected, dynamic characteristic parameters measured by the accelerometer and gyroscope and then processed by a Kalman filter are used in the SVM to determine the fall directions, i.e., forward (F), backward (B), rightward (R), and leftward (L). This paper compares the determination sensitivities according to the selected parameters for the SVM (velocities, tilt angles, vs. accelerations) and sensor attachment locations (waist vs. chest) with regards to the binary classification (i.e., F vs. B and R vs. L) and the multi-class classification (i.e., F, B, R, vs. L). Based on the velocity of waist which was superior to other parameters, the SVM in the binary case achieved 100% sensitivities for both F vs. B and R vs. L, while the SVM in the multi-class case achieved the sensitivities of F 93.8%, B 91.3%, R 62.3%, and L 63.6%.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.69
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• pp.221-237
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• 2016

This study aims to review the article 26 of UCP 600. The article 26 of UCP 600 deals with 'on deck cargo' and 'unknown wording' in L/C transaction. The article 26 of UCP 600 says that a transport document stating that the goods may be carried on deck is accept able. UCP 600 requires to reject transport documents which evidence that the goods are or will be loaded on deck. So the bank will not accept the B/L containing a clause stating the goods are or will be loaded on deck. But in practice a container cargo is carried on deck actually but we do not describe this fact on the Bill of Lading. The deck stowage is not allowed under the clean B/L. But in case of container cargo, the carrier has the right to carry the container on deck in practice. In spite of this practice the carrier can not describe this fact correctly like this : "The container cargo loaded on deck". If carrier describes on B/L like this, the bank rejects the B/L in L/C transaction. So the carrier describes as "the goods may be carried on deck" on the back of the B/L. But they loaded the container on deck actually. This article suggests some ideas on this matter. In addition, the article 26 of UCP 600 says that a transport document bearing a clause such as "shipper's load count" or "said by shipper to contain" is acceptable. This means that a carrier has no responsibility on the contents of containers. In case of FCL Cargo, it is impossible for a carrier to check the details of container cargo. Therefore it is inevitable to insert the expressions such as "SLC(shipper's load and count)" or "STC(said to contain)". The wording described on the face of B/L should be interpreted as intended and consistently. The intention of the carrier is not the actual quantity or weight. So unknown wording does not represent the actual quantity or weight. But some cases show that the carriers are indemnified by such insertion but others reject the effectiveness of such insertion. So this study emphasizes that unknown wording can not fully indemnify the carriers and that the insertion of such expressions shall be minimized.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2015

Let H be a separable infinite dimensional complex Hilbert space, and let $\mathcal{L}(H)$ denote the algebra of all bounded linear operators on H into itself. Let $A,B{\in}\mathcal{L}(H)$ we define the generalized derivation ${\delta}_{A,B}:\mathcal{L}(H){\mapsto}\mathcal{L}(H)$ by ${\delta}_{A,B}(X)=AX-XB$, we note ${\delta}_{A,A}={\delta}_A$. If the inequality ${\parallel}T-(AX-XA){\parallel}{\geq}{\parallel}T{\parallel}$ holds for all $X{\in}\mathcal{L}(H)$ and for all $T{\in}ker{\delta}_A$, then we say that the range of ${\delta}_A$ is orthogonal to the kernel of ${\delta}_A$ in the sense of Birkhoff. The operator $A{\in}\mathcal{L}(H)$ is said to be finite [22] if ${\parallel}I-(AX-XA){\parallel}{\geq}1(*)$ for all $X{\in}\mathcal{L}(H)$, where I is the identity operator. The well-known inequality (*), due to J. P. Williams [22] is the starting point of the topic of commutator approximation (a topic which has its roots in quantum theory [23]). In [16], the author showed that a paranormal operator is finite. In this paper we present some new classes of finite operators containing the class of paranormal operators and we prove that the range of a generalized derivation is orthogonal to its kernel for a large class of operators containing the class of normal operators.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.56 no.7
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• pp.25.1-25.6
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• 2014

This study was carried out to investigate the association of POU1F1 (POU domain, class 1, transcription factor 1, Pit1, renamed as POU1F1) gene with backfat thickness (mm), carcass weight (kg), pH, and color values ($L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$) in crossbred pigs (Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire ${\times}$ Duroc). Frequency of the AA genotype indel was at the highest level (66.67%). Frequency of A allele (0.81) was higher than that of b allele (0.19). This population followed Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Carcass weights and $a^*$ values of the three genotypes were all significantly different (p < 0.05), respectively. However, backfat thickness, $L^*$, $b^*$, visual color, and pH of the three genotypes were not significantly different (p > 0.05). Visual color was negatively correlated with $L^*$ (r = -0.521) and $b^*$ (r = -0.390) values, $L^*$ value was correlated with $b^*$ (r = 0.419) value, and $a^*$ value was positively correlated with $b^*$ (r = 0.612) value. These results indicate that the POU1F1 gene affected carcass weight and meat redness.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2001

To investigate the mutual relationship between angiotensin II (Ang II) and nitric oxide (NO) in paraventricular nucleus (PVN), Ang II receptor type Ia $(AT_{1A}),$ type Ib $(AT_{1B}),$ endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS), and neuronal constitutive nitric oxide synthase (ncNOS) mRNA levels of rat PVN were measured after unilateral carotid artery ligation. $AT_{1A}$ and $AT_{1B}$ mRNA levels were markedly elevated 6 hrs after unilateral carotid artery ligation. Losartan injection $(10\;{\mu}g/0.3\;{\mu}l)$ into the PVN augmented of the increment of $AT_{1A}$ and $AT_{1B}$ mRNAs It also increased ecNOS gene expression. In addition, $AT_{1B}$ mRNA levels increased after N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) injection $(50\;{\mu}g/0.3\;{\mu}l)$ into the PVN. These results suggest that Ang II and NO in the rat PVN may interplay, at least in part, through regulation of gene expression of ecNOS and $AT_{1B},$ respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.1433-1439
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• 2013

A ring R is called left morphic if $$R/Ra{\simeq_-}l(a)$$ for every $a{\in}R$. Equivalently, for every $a{\in}R$ there exists $b{\in}R$ such that $Ra=l(b)$ and $l(a)=Rb$. A ring R is called left quasi-morphic if there exist $b$ and $c$ in R such that $Ra=l(b)$ and $l(a)=Rc$ for every $a{\in}R$. A result of T.-K. Lee and Y. Zhou says that R is unit regular if and only if $$R[x]/(x^2){\simeq_-}R{\propto}R$$ is morphic. Motivated by this result, we investigate the morphic property of the ring $$S_n=^{def}R[x_1,x_2,{\cdots},x_n]/(\{x_ix_j\})$$, where $i,j{\in}\{1,2,{\cdots},n\}$. The morphic elements of $S_n$ are completely determined when R is strongly regular.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.43-47
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• 2011

It is known that the Fe-Al transition metal compounds have a lot of disagreement about structural stability and magnetism. In this study, the correlation between magnetism and atomic structure of ordered $B_2$, $L1_2$, and $D0_3$ structured Fe-Al compounds has been investigated using the all-electron full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method based on the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). We found that considered all the structures were calculated to be stabilized in a ferromagnetic state. The calculated spin magnetic moments of the Fe atoms for B2 and $L1_2$ structures were 0.771 and 2.373 ${\mu}_B$, respectively, and that of Fe(I) and Fe(II) in $D0_3$ structure calculated to be 2.409 ${\mu}_B$, 1.911 ${\mu}_B$, respectively. In order to investigate structural stability between $L1_2$ and $D0_3$ structures, we performed the formation enthalpy calculations. As a result, the $D0_3$ structure is found to be more favorable than $L1_2 one by energy difference 16 meV/atom, which is well consistent with the experimental observation. We understood about structural stability and magnetism for Fe-Al compounds in terms of analysis of their atomic and electronic structures.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.17 no.1_2_3
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• pp.307-314
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• 2005

In this paper we consider positive solutions of the following difference equation $$x_{n+l}\;=\;min[{\frac{A}{x_{n}},{\frac{B}{x_{n-2}}}],\;A,B\;>\;0$$. We prove that every positive solution is eventually periodic. Also, we present here some results concerning positive solutions of the difference equation $$x_{n+l}\;=\;min[{\frac{A}{x_{n}x_{n-1}{\cdots}x_{n-k}},{\frac{B}{x_{n-(k+2)}{\cdots}x_{n-(2k+2)}}],\;A,B\;>\;0$$.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2001

Recently many investigators have devoted considerable attention to the production and purification of PA for antigens, and the preparation of new synthetic medium (RM medium) have solved to increase the yields of the PA but, the low sensitivity of the PA to detect B. anthracis infections has remained as a problem to be solved. This study was undertaken to evaluate the yields of the PA from culture filtrates of B. anthracis Sterne $34F_2$ strain in modified RM medium in which 10 g/l of $NaHCO_3$ and 10g/l of glucose were replaced by 8 g/l and 5 g/l, and the first purification step of PA from culture broth was used hydroxyapatite. The PA was purified by hydroxyapatite column chromatography, DEAE-Sepharose CL-4B column chromatography and Toyo-pearl gel filtration chromatography. The yield of PA from the modified RM medium, 8.6 mg/l.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2022.09a
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• pp.100-100
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• 2022

Hovenia dulcis is a herbal plant, which belongs to the Rhamnaceae family and is a native of Japan, China and Korea. Its fruit stalk is called 'Jiguja' in Korea. It has been traditionally used as a medicinal plant in East Asia. It was reported to have detoxification effects on alcohol poisoning, and antioxidant, antidiabetic etc. Sample of 5 g was extracted with 50 mL of 70% EtOH. The supernatant was filtered by 0.45 ㎛ membrane filter before analysis. The UPLC system was performed on Waters alliance UPLC HSS T3 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 ㎛) with a UV detector. The gradient system was a binary eluent of 0.1% formic acid in water(A) and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile(B) with gradient conditions as follows: Initial, 10% B; 1 min, 10% B; 4 min, 20% B; 10 min, 25% B; 12 min, 30% B; 14 min, 90% B; 17 min, 90% B; flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The samples were injected by 2 µL and were detected at UV 355 nm. As a result of analysis, chromatographic patterns appeared in two cases: samples analyzed for ampelopsin and myricetin, and samples analyzed for taxifolin and quercetin. Among the four compounds, the largest regional difference was found to be taxifolin.