• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.179-187
• /
• 2009

In this study, we examined whether the glycemic index (GI) values of boiled white rice (GI=86) and boiled white rice mixed with grains (GI=58) could influence the total energy intake and satiety rate of a rice-based diet. Thirty adult females participated in this study, in which they ate boiled white rice, or boiled white rice mixed with grains, along with side dishes for lunch, and then ate the same white rice diet for dinner in the lab once a week for 2 weeks. There was no significant difference in the visual analogue scales for taste between the two diets. Although there were no differences between the subjects' energy intakes for side dishes, the total energy consumed from the boiled white rice mixed with grains diet (520.5 kcal) was significantly (p<0.001) lower than that consumed from the boiled white rice diet (560.2 kcal). For dinner, the subjects consumed significantly (p<0.001) lower calories when they had eaten the boiled white rice mixed with grains diet for lunch as compared to the boiled white rice diet. In addition, the subjects reported significantly (p<0.01, p<0.001) higher satiety rates after consuming the boiled white rice mixed with grains diet compared to the boiled white rice diet, despite consuming lower calories. In conclusion, these results indicate that consuming low GI rice such as boiled white rice mixed with grains substituted for boiled white rice, may be a useful strategy for weight loss and weight management since individuals will consume less energy without experiencing a reduction in satiety.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.19 no.9
• /
• pp.1265-1270
• /
• 2009

The mushroom, Sarcodon aspratus was tested for its possibility of being a health food against corpulence. The mushroom powder was fed to rats with high-fat diet-induced corpulence for 6 weeks. To measure its effects, various factors such as obesity index, serum lipid, and organ weight were analyzed and compared. The group fed a high-fat diet showed a significant increase in the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in serum. However, this increase was not shown in the group fed mushroom powder. The R$\ddot{o}$hrer index (one of many obesity indexes) was higher in the group fed a high-fat diet compared to that of control group. However, there was a significant decrease in the R$\ddot{o}$hrer index in the group fed with mushroom powder. Especially, the increased ratio of liver to body weight was observed in the group fed a high-fat diet compared to the control group. These results suggest that the significant changes in obesity index and organ weight in the group fed with mushroom powder are due to the decreased level of serum triglyceride. Thus, there is a possibility for Sarcodan aspratus to become a heath food that can prevent diseases related to corpulence.

• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.92-97
• /
• 2005

This study examined the partial replacement of the fish meal with meat meal in practical diets for juvenile rock-fish. Five isonitrogenous (48% CP) diets were prepared to contain meat meal at 0% (control), 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% with substituting the mackerel meal in the control diet. Three replicate groups of fish (initial average weight, 4.1g) were hand-fed to visual satiety two times daily for 8 weeks. Survival (>93%) and daily feed intake were not significantly different (P>0.05) among treatments. The best weight gain, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio were obtained from fish fed the diets containing 0% and 10% meat meal, and were not significantly different (P>0.05) to those of fish 134 diet containing 20% meat meal. Condition factor, visceralsomatic index and hepatosomatic index were not influenced by dietary meat meal levels. The contents of crude protein and ash of whole body were not significantly affected (P>0.05) by dietary meat meal levels, whereas crude lipid content of fish fed the diets containing 30% and 40% was lower than that of fish fed the control diet. Proximate composition of liver was not influenced by dietary meat meal level (P>0.05). The data obtained in this study indicate that a diet containing $10{\sim}20%$ meat meal could be used for least-cost formulation in juvenile rockfish diet.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.69-80
• /
• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore relationship among dft index, diet and oral health behavior, parental awareness in oral health care and social status. Methods: This study was conducted from 8 January, 2009 to 11 June, 2009 in Asan city and Seosan city in Chungnam area. 4 kindergratens, 3 preschools and 1 children language academy were randomly selected to research on dft index, diet and oral health behavior. cross-sectional study conducted among 561 valid samples out of 641 samples collected using the survey was and then followed by oral examination. Throughout the research, numerus SPSS 15.0 statistical techniques, T-test and ANOVA and Spearman correlation coefficients were used for analysis. Results: Key results of the study are as follows: Age was found to be statistically very significant to dft index(p=0.036). Age of mother, especially between 30 to 49, was found to be statistically significant to dft index rate(p=0.001). Occupation of father was also found to be statistically significant to dft index(p=0.036). High parental awareness in oral health care led to low dft index rate, which also was found to be statistically significant(p=0.036). Conclusions: In conclusion, as Spearman correlation coefficient demonstrates, occupation of father affects most on long-term healthy oral behavior followed by parental awareness in oral health care and age of mother.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.27 no.7
• /
• pp.790-796
• /
• 2004

Ginseng is a shade-loving perennial herb that is cultivated mainly in Korea, Japan, and China. The ginseng root has been used as a tonic remedy, and its antidiabetic activity has been demonstrated as early as 1920s. Although wild ginseng was anecdotally thought to be superior to cultivated ginseng as far as pharmacological properties were concerned, there have been no prior reports on the antidiabetic effect of wild ginseng. In this study, we investigated the preventative anti-diabetic and anti-obese effects of wild ginseng ethanol extract (WGEE). In the preventive experiment, WGEE co-administered with a high fat diet significantly inhibited body weight gain, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, and free fatty acid levels in a dose dependent manner. WGEE-treated mice at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg improved the insulin resistance index by 55％ and 61％ compared to the high fat diet (HFD) control, respectively. Diameters of white and brown adipocytes were also decreased by 62％ and 46％ in the WG500-treated group compared to those in HFD fed control mice. Taken together, WGEE has potential as a preventive agent for type 2 diabetes mellitus (and possibly obesity) and deserves clinical trial in the near future.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.663-669
• /
• 2006

The dietary effects of soy fiber beni-koji(SBCA) containing chitosan-ascorbate on the body weight and serum lipids in obese rats induced by a high fat diet were investigated. The experimental plots(6 rats per each group) were divided into a normal group(NC), a high fat diet group(HF), a 1% SBCA diet group(SBCA1) and a 2% SBCA diet group(SBCA2), and fed for 6 weeks. Compared with the HF group, the mean body weight and the $R\'{o}hrer$ index of the SBCA1 and SBCA2 groups decreased by $3.4{\sim}7.4%$ and $8.1{\sim}13.9%$, respectively. In particular, the body lipids in the SBCA2 group decreased by 42.3%. The serum triglyceride content decreased by approximately $25.54{\sim}27.34%$ in the experimental diet groups. There was no significant difference in the serum total lipids between the HF and SBCA1 groups. On the other hand, the total lipids in SBCA2 group decreased by 19.12% compared with the HF group. In the SBCA2 group, the total serum cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol content decreased by 6.57% and 41.20% compared with the HF group, respectively, while the HDL-cholesterol increased by 10.0%. The risk factor index(RFI) in the SBCA2 group was decreased remarkably by 58.57%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.626-631
• /
• 2005

The effects of Pleurotus (P.) eryngii on the weight gains, food efficiency ratios, serum and hepatic lipid concentrations were investigated in male rats fed the high fat diets. Twenty one week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were given three different types of diet for 10 weeks, respectively: a control diet (high fat; $20\%$ lard), two kinds of P. eryngii diet supplemented with $3\%\;or\;5\%$ of dry P. eryngii powder in substitutes for the same amounts of cellulose in the control diets. The body weight gains and food efficiency ratios of the rats fed $3\%\;and\;5\%$ P. eryngii diets were significantly lower than those of the rats fed the control diet. The concentrations of hepatic total lipid and triglyceride in the rats fed the P. eryngii diets were significantly lower than those in the rats fed the control diet. But the hepatic cholesterol contents of the rats fed the P. eryngii diets were similar to those of the rats fed the control diet. The concentrations in serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and atherogenic index ratios were significantly lower in the rats fed the P. eryngii diets compared to those fed the control diet. The HDL-cholesterol/total- cholesterol ratio was significantly higher in the rats fed the P. eryngii diets compared to those fed the control diet. There were no significant difference found in the serum triglyceride, phospholipid and HDL-cholesterol concentrations among the experimental groups. These results showed that feeding of P. eryngii powder feeding decreased the total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index and increased the HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratio in serum of the rats fed high fat diet.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.188-194
• /
• 2013

The effects of white bread supplemented with konjac glucomannan on diet-induced obesity in rats were investigated. Four groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were examined: a non-obese control group (NC), an obese high fat diet group (HF), an obese high fat diet group given bread supplemented with 10% konjac glucomannan (KGM1) and an obese high fat diet group given bread supplemented with 20% konjac glucomannan (KGM2). The daily weight gain of the KGM1 group increased slightly and decreased in the KGM2 group compared to the HF group. The serum triglycerides, total lipid, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol increased in the HF compared to the NC group, whereas they decreased in KGM1 and KGM2 groups. After having this experimental diet for 6 weeks, the body weight in KGM1 and KGM2 groups decreased compared to the HF group. While the initial R$\ddot{o}$hrer index was 23.13 in the NC group, and 31.50~32.59 in the HF, KGM1, and KGM2 groups, the index after the experimental diets for 6 weeks was 28.39 in the NC group, 36.88 in the HF group, 33.48 in the KGM1 group and 29.64 in the KGM2 group. The level of body fat increased from 1% to 7.14% in the NC group, from 15.60% to 60.05% in the HF group, and from 10.60% to 10.83% in the KMG1 group, but decreased from 10.45% to 8.20% in the KGM2 group. These results demonstrate that white bread with glucomannan is effective in reducing body weight and serum lipids in high fat diet-induced obese rats.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.495-508
• /
• 2016

This study was conducted to recognize the need for diet and nutrition education to correct body-shape and eating habits that lead to eating disorders in college students. The relationship between diet and obesity was confirmed. Approximately 405 (male 46.4%, female 53.6%) students were evaluated by questionnaire in September 2014. The statistical program SAS (ver. 4.3) was used to evaluate the Chi-squared, F and T-value. The correlation between eating disorder risk and eating habits was evaluated by Pearson's correlation. Body type recognition was classified into nine steps up the body fatty (9) to skinny (1) to show their body. Eating disorder risk (KEAT-26) was composed of F1 (attachment factors for weight loss), F2 (attachment factors for binge eating, and food), and F3 (adjustment factor to eating their will. The risk of eating disorders in male 73.4% of low risk, in female 61.3% (p<0.05). According to body mass index, underweight groups recognized in the normal weight (53.7%), normal weight group was in overweight (29.1%) (p<0.001). According to body-type, the overweight group had a higher risk of eating disorders (68.2%). The KEAT-26 showed that the overweight and obese group were high-risk in F1 & F2, while the underweight group was high-risk in F3 (p<0.001). Recognized overweight showed the dangers of eating disorders, proper recognition of body-type and body mass index required. Tendency to seek a balanced diet was associated with eating disorders, no-imposed adequate diet for nutritional education would be made. Proper nutrition education for males is needed depending on the increased incidence of male eating disorders.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.46-53
• /
• 2010

The study examined the effects of dietary green tea powder supplementation on blood glucose, and plasma and liver lipid concentrations in diabetic rats. Twenty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight $200{\pm}5\;g$) were divided into two groups (diabetic and non-diabetic), which were each randomly divided into two subgroups that were fed a control and 1% green tea powder-supplemented diet. Serum and liver lipid concentrations were measured by established techniques. Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated from an established equation. Body weight gain and feed efficiency ratio were lower in diabetic rats than in non-diabetic rats regardless of diet. There were no differences in weight gain in diabetic and non-diabetic rats consuming the control and green tea powder-supplemented diets. The levels of fasting plasma glucose, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C and atherogenic index of diabetic rats were significantly higher than that of non-diabetic rats. Conversely, the levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) of diabetic rats was significantly lower than that of non-diabetic rats. Fasting plasma glucose, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C and atherogenic index were significantly lower in diabetic rats fed the green tea powder diet than in rats fed the control diet, and HDL-C was significantly higher in rats fed the green tea powder diet than in rats fed the control diet. The content of liver total cholesterol and triglyceride of diabetic rats were significantly higher than that of non-diabetic rats. Liver total cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly lower in diabetic rats fed green tea powder-supplemented diet than in rats fed the control diet. It is concluded that green tea powder supplementation positively influences blood glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic rats. The present study, although not directly applicable to humans, may have some implications for individuals who habitually consume green tea powder.