• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.68-76
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• 2012

SULEV (Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle) which is one of the emission standards in Fleet Average System introduced to Korea from 2009 is known as the most severe standard to achieve with internal combustion engine. Considering low sales volume of hybrid vehicles in Korea, vehicle manufacturers are required to develop SULEV technologies for conventional gasoline and LPG vehicles to meet the future Fleet Average standard. In this study, the comparison of emissions has been made between SULEV developed and ULEV LPG vehicles mainly produced in this time. To estimate the emission reduction of SULEV vehicles, CVS-75 and NIER test modes have been used. CVS-75 has been used for emission certification of gasoline and LPG vehicles. NIER modes cover various average vehicle speed and reflect Korean real driving patterns better than CVS-75. The test results show that SULEV LPG vehicles have very high potential to reduce $NO_x$ in regulated emissions, $N_2O$ in green house gases and toluene in VOCs. However, SULEV LPG vehicles don't affect much on the reduction of CO and total green house gases.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.79-95
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• 1993

MARKAL (MARKet ALlocation) Model, one of the most sophisticated energy technology assessment model is applied to finding the optimum mix of energy sources and evaluating energy technology competitiveness in Korea. The model is capable of handling Multiple Objective Linear Programming to test the related cost minimization and environmental control function. In this paper three environmental regulation scenarios are observed including 10% and 20% reduction of carbon dioxide emission level. For the purpose of establishing the basic data base, Korea Reference Engergy System is also developed on the base of the year 1989 with technology utilization and energy flow analysis.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2011년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.21-22
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• 2011

Recently, the development of alternative energy technologies has been actively conducted for energy conservation and CO₂ emission reduction. Especially, photovoltaic energy has been applied practically in construction industry, and research on the building-integrated photovoltaic system (BIPV) that can replace fossil fuel for building operation and maintenance has been performed. However, this vibrant research has been limited to the use phase of buildings, and few studies have been carried out in the construction phase. The construction duration and the scale of the sites have increased along with the high-rise trend of buildings, and it is forecasted that the temporary electricity use and CO₂ emission in the construction phase is increasing. In sight of these developments, this research analyzed applicability of the photovoltaic system for the construction phase that can replace the electricity used on the high-rise construction site.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.695-697
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• 2008

Reduction of $CO_2$ emission is one of major issues in the whole industries, especially transport system. Railroad companies in the advanced countries such as EU, Japan, etc. have made great efforts on the improvement of their systems including energy sources, operational efficiency and PR of achievement resulted. Recently, to emphasize the environment-friendly characteristics of the railroad as public transport, the importance of PR is emerging. The achievements were listed in annual, sustainability and corporate responsibility reports. And the superiority of railroad in $CO_2$ emission can be confirmed in web sites and simple advertizing materials. In this study, we proposed the PR programs of achievement and ongoing works in Korean railroad through the case studies on web-based and off-line programs of railroad companies in EU and Japan.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.283-288
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• 2016

In this study, applicability of GHG ETS Offset Program in Korea for a refrigerant sector was analyzed by reviewing foreign management policy and project status in progress related to refrigerants in the disposal stage. In order to derive the implication of the domestic Offset Program, it was looked into approved offset projects and certified offset credits current state in Korea. Offset Program has approved 22 methodologies up to the present, so it is necessary to enhance the accessibility to GHG reduction in various industrial sector including the refrigerant sector by developing appropriate methodologies. In this study firstly, it was investigated that management regulation of countries are managing the refrigerants in the disposal stage such as United States, Japan, Australia. Secondly, of CDM methodologies there were two methodologies associated with the refrigerant reduction(treatment), which were decomposition HFC-23 and destruction of HFC-134a. Also there were a non-registered methodology about destruction of HFC-134a of end of life vehicles. Lastly, in California according to Compliance Offset Program, there was Compliance Offset Protocol in ODS Projects that provided eligible conditions. Based on the review, it was examined the possible conditions for domestic offset project for refrigerant sector

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.222-227
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• 2020

BACKGROUND: Among the biomass conversion techniques of livestock manure, composting process is a method of decomposing organic matter through microorganisms, and converting it into fertilizer in soil. The aerobic composting process is capable of treating cow manure in large quantities, and produces greenhouse gas as CO₂ and N₂O, although it has economical benefit. By using the activated rice hull biochar, which is a porous material, it was intended to mitigate the greenhouse gas emissions, and to produce the compost of which quality was high. Objective of this experiment was to estimate CO₂ and N₂O emissions through composting process of cow manure with different cooperated biochar contents. METHODS AND RESULTS: The treatments of activated rice hull biochar were set at 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%, respectively, during composting cow manure. The CO₂ emission in the control was 534.7 L kg^-1, but was 385.5 L kg^-1 at 15% activated rice hull biochar. Reduction efficiency of CO₂ emission was estimated to be 28%. N₂O emission was 0.28 L kg^-1 in the control, but was 0.03 L min^-1 at 15% of activated rice hull biochar, estimating about 89% reduction efficiency. CONCLUSION: Greenhouse gas emissions during the composting process of cow manure can be reduced by mixing with 15% of activated rice hull biochar for eco-friendly compost production.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2019

디젤엔진은 열효율이 높고 연비가 좋으며 CO, HC 및 $CO_2$의 배출량이 낮은 등 가솔린 엔진보다 상당한 장점이 있다. 그러나 디젤엔진은 배기가스 중에 $O_2$ 농도가 높기 때문에 NOx 저감이 어렵고, 삼원촉매를 적용하기 어렵다. Urea-SCR과 LNT는 디젤엔진에서 NOx를 연속적으로 저감하는데 활용 가능한 두 기술이다. 디자인 엔진에 Urea-SCR 시스템을 구현함으로써 2.5l 이상 엔진에서 Euro-6의 강화된 NOx 기준을 충족시킬 수 있게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 엔진 회전속도, 부하, 촉매 방식 및 $NH_3$/NOx 비율에 따른 NOx 저감 특성을 연구하여 NOx 저감을 극대화하는 조건을 제시하고자 한다. 또한 Euro-6 이상의 규제에 대응할 수 있도록 Urea-SCR에 대한 정밀한 실험 데이터를 제공하고자 한다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.379-387
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 기존 PVA 섬유보강 시멘트 복합체(fiber-reinforced cementitious composites, FRCCs) 대비 성능유지 90% 이상을 목표로 하여 자원순환형 재료를 치환한 PVA FRCCs를 제조 및 개발하고자 하였다. 자원순환형 재료를 치환한 FRCCs의 압축, 휨 및 직접인장강도 시험을 통하여 역학적 특성을 분석하였으며, 이와 더불어 FRCCs의 제조단계에서 이산화탄소($CO_2$) 배출량을 국내 외 LCI 데이터베이스를 통하여 평가하였다. 실험을 통해 역학적 특성을 평가한 결과, 자원순환형 재료의 치환율이 증가함에 따라 압축, 휨 및 직접인장강도가 감소하는 경향으로 나타났다. $CO_2$ 배출량은 물결합재비(W/B)가 높고, 플라이 애시(FA)의 치환율이 높을수록 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. FA의 치환율이 증가함에 따라 결합재 지수($B_i$) 또한 증가하여 단위 강도(1 MPa)를 발휘하기 위한 결합재의 양이 보통 포틀랜드 시멘트보다 FA가 높은 것으로 나타났다. FRCCs의 성능을 유지하기 위해 설정된 목표치와 $CO_2$ 배출량을 동시에 고려해 볼 때 W/B 45%, FA 25% 및 순환 잔골재 25%가 치환된 배합이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제40권8호
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• pp.503-510
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• 2016

일반적으로 연소로는 연료의 연소과정에서 NOx, CO등의 공해물질을 배출한다. 본 연구는 소각연소로를 대상으로 2차 공기를 연소가스 흐름의 역방향으로 주입시키는 방법의 NOx 및 CO 배출특성에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 연구의 주요변수는 1, 2차 공기의 유량비와 2차 공기의 투입 방향으로 설정하였다. 변수에 따른 NOx 및 CO 배출특성을 묘사하기 위해서 축소모형실험 연구를 수행하였다. 실험결과 1차 공기유량이 감소하고 2차 공기유량이 증가할수록 NOx가 감소되다가 일정 유량비 이상에서 다시 NOx가 다소 증가하는 형태가 나타났다. 역방향으로 빠른 유속의 2차 공기가 투입될 때 연소로 내부에 유동 재순환이 발생하여 혼합이 증가하고 이로 인해서 온도 영역이 고르게 분포되는 것으로 나타났으며 그 결과로서 thermal NOx의 저감 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. CO는 2차 공기가 역방향에서 높은 비율로 투입되는 조건이외에서는 측정되지 않았다. 측정된 경우도 CO의 농도는 2 ppm 이내로 안정적인 연소 조건으로 나타났다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.145-145
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• 2022

South Korea greenhouse gas emissions have increased year by year, resulting in a total emission of 727.6 million tons of CO₂ eq in 2018, a 2.5% increase compared to 2017. Among them, the agricultural sector emitted 21.2 million tons of CO₂ eq., accounting for 2.9% of the total. Among the greenhouse gases emitted from the agricultural sector, a particularly problematic is methane gas emitted from rice paddies. Methane is one of the important greenhouse gases with a global warming potential (GWP) that is about 21 times higher than that of carbon dioxide due to its high infrared absorption capacity despite its relatively short remaining atmospheric period. Since the pattern of methane generation varies depending on the rice variety and ecological type, research related to this is necessary for accurate emission calculation and development of reduction technology. Accordingly, a study was conducted to find out the changes in greenhouse gas emission according to rice varieties and ecology types. As for the rice eco-type cultivar, early maturing cultivar (Haedamssal) and medium-late rice cultivar (Saeilmi) were used. Haedamssal was transplanted on May 25 and June 25, and Saeilmi was transplanted on June 10 and June 25. The amount of methane generated according to the growing day showed a tendency to increase as the planting period was earlier. The difference between varieties was that Haedamssal showed higher methane production than Saeilmi. The total CH₄ flux in the saeilmi was 18.7 kg·h^-1(Jun 10 transplanting), 12.4 kg·h^-1(Jun 25 transplanting) during rice cultivation. Lower methane emission was observed in Saeilmi than in Haedam rice. In addition, the earlier the planting period, the higher the methane emission. This study is the result of the first year of research, and it is planned to investigate the amount of greenhouse gas emission between double cropping and single cropping using wheat cultivation after harvest for each ecological type.