• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.729-737
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• 2020

This study estimates the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction resulting from photovoltaic and wind power technologies using a bottom-up approach for an indirect emission source (scope 2) in South Korea. To estimate GHG reductions from photovoltaic and wind power activities under standard operating conditions, methodologies are derived from the 2006 IPCC guidelines for national GHG inventories and the guidelines for local government greenhouse inventories of Korea published in 2016. Indirect emission factors for electricity are obtained from the 2011 Korea Power Exchange. The total annual GHG reduction from photovoltaic power (23,000 tons CO_2eq) and wind power (30,000 tons CO_2eq) was estimated to be 53,000 tons CO_2eq. The estimation of individual GHGs showed that the largest component is carbon dioxide, accounting for up to 99% of the total GHG. The results of estimation from photovoltaic and wind power were 63.60% and 80.22% of installed capacity, respectively. The annual average GHG reductions from photovoltaic and wind power per year per unit installed capacity (MW) were estimated as 549 tons CO_2eq/yr·MW and 647 tons CO_2eq/yr·MW, respectively. Finally, the results showed that the level of GHG reduction per year per installed capacity of photovoltaic and wind power is 62% and 42% compared to the CDM project, respectively.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.211-224
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• 2012

폐기물 에너지화가 온실가스 감축 수단으로 등장함에 따라 에너지를 많이 소비하는 국내 사업장 중 화석연료와 함께 RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel), RPF(Refuse Plastic Fuel), WCF(Wood Chip Fuel)와 같은 대체연료를 사용하는 곳이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 국내 사업장에서 실제 사용하고 있는 고형대체연료 WCF의 연료 분석을 실시하여 $CO_2$배출계수를 개발하였다. 연료 분석 결과, 수분은 23%, 인수식 순발열량은 2,845 kcal/kg, 인수식 탄소함량은 34%였다. 이를 통해 산정한 $CO_2$ 배출계수는 약 $105ton\;CO_2/TJ$로 나타났으며, 이는 2006 IPCC 가이드라인에서 제시하고 있는 기본 배출계수 $112ton\;CO_2/TJ$보다 약 5.9% 낮게 산정되었다. A 사업장의 온실가스 총배출량은 $178,767ton\;CO_2 eq./yr$이고, 순배출량은 $40,359ton\;CO_2 eq./yr$으로 나타났다. 따라서 바이오매스 기반 대체연료 WCF의 사용으로 인한 $CO_2$ 저감 효과는 연간 $138,408CO_2ton$으로 볼 수 있으며, 이는 연간 총배출량의 약 77%에 해당된다.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.535-550
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• 2003

Ever since the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC) was agreed to stabilized greenhouse gas(GHG) concentration in the atmosphere at 1992, most countries including Korea have been developing strategic plans and implementing a number of R＆D programs to develop the measures to reduce the emission of GHG. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the plans and programs for our country to develop more competitive technologies and to be more active and attentive in international meetings. In this paper, the energy policies of advanced countries will be analysed and be compared each other along with the Korean policy. Furthermore, the carbon dioxide reduction and sequestration R＆D programs in the countries will also be studied.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2009

Land Use Changes (LUCs) have effects on greenhouse gas emissions and carbon stocks in soil and vegetation. Therefore, predictions for LUC are very important for achieving quantitative targets of $CO_2$ reduction rates. Some research exists on carbon fluxes and carbon cycles to estimate carbon stocks in terrestrial ecosystems in Korea. However, these researches have limitations in terms of helping us understand future potential reductions of $CO_2$ that reflect the influence of LUC. The aim of this study is to analyze the reduction levels of $CO_2$ emissions while considering LUC scenarios that effect carbon fluxes for LCS basic study in the year 2030. In this study, a common approach to model the effects of LUC on carbon stocks is the use of CA-Markov technical process with LUC patterns in the past. Potential reduction of $CO_2$ is calculated by change of land use that contains different soil organic carbon, each land use type, and biomass in vegetation. An IPCC analytical method of natural carbon sink and coefficient results from previous study in Korea is used as a calculation method for potential reduction of $CO_2$. As a result, 12,419 KtC will be reduced annually, which is 8.3% percent of 2005 $CO_2$ emissions in Korea. This will result in 3,226 hundred million won of economic efficiency. In conclusion, conservation of natural carbon sinks is necessary even if the amount of potential reduction change is little.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.114-121
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• 2009

There are increased in using the bio-ethanol, as the carbon neutral attracts many researchers due to a reduction in carbon dioxide spotted as the global warming gas. A gasoline engine with 100% of the bioethanol was developed and used in Brazil already, but researches of using the bio-ethanol in diesel engines are lack. In this study, combustion tests with blend fuel of the gas oil and bio ethanol by 50% maximally due to a low cetane number of bio-ethanol were accomplished as a basic study of introduction of using the bioethanol in diesel engines. The result was that smoke emission was decreased with increase in proportion of the bio-ethanol, due to the increase of a amount of pre-mixed combustion with ignition delay. Although the amount of $CO_2$ is reduced according as the bio-ethanol is used(carbon neutral), the emission of $CO_2$ with increase in the proportion of the bio-ethanol was more increased due to lower a heat value of bio-ethanol than gas oil.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2009

As one of the alternative solution for energy and environmental issues such as climate change, energy security, oil price, etc., hydrogen energy has been getting so much attentions these days. This paper analyzed the $CO_2$ emission, costs, and energy consumptions when the hydrogen energy was introduced to transportation, specifically in Sedan sector using the energy system model, MARKAL. As results, 21.5% of $CO_2$ emission in 2040 could be reduced and additional 76 billion dollars will be needed in the high energy price scenario. The amount of energy saving mainly due to the replacement of existing car to hydrogen vehicle was 16% of the final energy consumption in 2040.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.37-39
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• 2015

In this article we consider the modern trends of global warming, GHG pollutions and discussions of the obligations of developed and developing countries before the UN Global Climate Summit in Paris. The article considers decarbonization as a national strategy, including complex tools for the improvement of energy efficiency, reduction of CO₂ and development of emissions trading systems. The author underlines that the Central Asian countries such as Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan, have the largest GHG potential in the region, and for this reason they should be within the framework of the UNFCCC and join the international process on development of the national decarbonization strategies.Thesemeasuresallowthese countries to join the global carbon trade marketing, international financial recourses, and significantly reduce CO₂ pollutions in the region.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2012

The amount of energy consumption in the buildings is approximately 20% of domestic energy consumption. The Carbon Point Program have been published on reduction of greenhouse gas emission in buildings under the paradigm of 'Low Carbon Green Growth'. This study focuses on the effect of 'Carbon Point Program' for residential buildings in Daegu. The amount of electricity and waterwork consumption and information of households were investigated to analyse the effect of carbon point program. The samples are situated in Deagu and are apartment in Bukgu and Suseonggu. The $CO_2$ emission is analysed by factors of energy resource and household organization between before participating and after participating in Carbon Point Program. The participation type has a difference of voluntary participation in Suseonggu and passive participation in Bukgu. Based on this investigation, average amount of $CO_2$ emission was reduced from voluntary participation households but all of them did not. To promote the effect of Carbon Point Program, this study proposes that needing the plans to raise will and activity of reducing carbon and to help participation which have disadvantage against achieving reduction.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2015

In 2014, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) agreed to submit the Intended Nationality Determined Contributions (INDCs) at the conference of parties held in Lima, Peru. Then, the South Korean government submitted the INDCs including GHGs reduction target and reduction potential on July, 2015. The goal of this study is to predict GHGs emission and to analyze reduction potential in agricultural sector of Korea. Activity data to estimate GHGs emission was forecast by Korea Agricultural Simulation Model (KASMO) of Korea Rural Economic Institute and estimate methodology was taken by the IPCC and guideline for MRV (Measurement, Reporting and Verification) of national greenhouse gases statistics of Korea. The predicted GHGs emission of agricultural sectors from 2021 to 2030 tended to decrease due to decline in crop production and its gap was less after 2025. Increasing livestock numbers such as sheep, horses, swine, and ducks did not show signigicant impact the total GHGs emission. On a analysis of the reduction potential, GHGs emission was expected to reduce $253Gg\;CO_{2-eq}$. by 2030 with increase of mid-season water drainage area up to 95% of total rice cultivation area. The GHGs reduction potential with intermittent drainage technology applied to 10% of the tatal paddy field area, mid-drainage and no organic matter would be $92Gg\;CO_{2-eq}$. by 2030.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2009

본 논문은 국제 전기 통신연합(ITU)이 온실가스 감축을 고려하여 실시한 온라인 국제 화상회의를 통하여 감축된 CO2량을 오프라인으로 수행되었다고 가정한 경우와 비교하여 산출하였다. 국제전기통신연합(ITU)이 주관하여 2009년 9월 서울에서 실시된 "The Power of ICTs to save The planet" 심포지엄은 CO2 배출 저감을 위하여 참가자들이 온라인을 통하여 원격으로 회의에 참석하도록 권유되었다. 원격 화상회의를 유도한 결과, 해외 참가자 46명과 국내 참가자 170명 중 16명이 원격 화상회의로 참석하였는데 이것은 약 94.7ton의 CO2 배출량 저감에 해당되는 것으로 산출되었다. 이번 국제 심포지엄은 탄소 저감차원에서 온라인과 오프라인으로 병행 실시되어 큰 이슈가 된 국제적인 첫 시도로서, 이러한 ITU의 움직임은 향후 다른 국제 심포지엄과 포럼 개최에 큰 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단된다.