• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.364-368
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• 2006

This experiment was carried out to figure out the $CO_2$ biomass and the growth response of Chinese cabbage and radish grown under the condition of high temperature and high $CO_2$ concentration to provide the information for the coming climatic change. Chinese cabbage and radish were cultivated in spring and autumn seasons under 4 treatments, 'ambient temp.+ambient $CO_2$ conc.', 'ambient temp.+elevated $CO_2$ conc.', 'elevated temp.+ ambient $CO_2$ conc.', and 'elevated temp. +elevated $CO_2$ conc.'. The 'elevated temp,' plot was maintained at 5 higher than 'ambient temp. (outside temperature)'and the 'elevated $CO_2$ cone.' plot was done in 650 ppm $CO_2$. The growth of spring-sown Chinese cabbage was worse than autumn-sown one, and was affected more by high temperature than high $CO_2$. concentration. The $CO_2$ biomass of Chinese cabbage was lower as 25.1-39.1 g/plant in spring-sown one than 54.8-63.4 g/plant of autumn-sown one. Daily $CO_2$2 fixation ability was not significantly different between spring- and autumn-sown Chinese cabbage as 1.9-2.9, 2.7-3.1 kg/10a/day, respectively. The $CO_2$ biomass of radish were 87.4-104.6 /plant in spring-sown one and 51.3$\sim$76.4 g/plant in autumn-sown one. Daily $CO_2$ fixation ability of radish were 6.2-10.1 kg/10a/day in spring-sown one and 4.6-6.9 kg/10a/day in autumn-sown one.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.77-81
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• 2010

아위느타리버섯에 대한 재배사내 $CO_2$ 농도에 따른 생육 및 수량성을 검토하여 시설재배에 적합한 $CO_2$농도를 구명하고자 재배사의 $CO_2$ 농도를 500, 1000, 1500, 2000ppm으로 조절하면서 재배시험을 실시한 결과, 자실체 수량은 $CO_2$ 1000ppm 처리에서 102.4g/병으로 가장 높았고, $CO_2$ 2000ppm 처리에서 75.1g/병으로 가장 적게 나타나 통계적으로 유의하였다. $CO_2$ 농도에 따른 초발이 소요일수는 $CO_2$ 농도가 증가할수록 길어지는 경향으로 $CO_2$ 500, 1000ppm 처리에서는 6일, $CO_2$ 1500, 2000 처리에서는 각각 8일과 9일이 소요되었으며 생육일수 또한 같은 경향을 나타내어 수확에 소요되는 전체 재배일수는 $CO_2$ 500ppm 처리에서는 16일, $CO_2$ 2000ppm 처리에서는 23일로 나타났다. 아위느타리버섯의 생육상황은 발이개체수는 1500ppm 처리에서 12.2개, 유효경수는 1000ppm 처리에서 2.8개로 가장 많은 경향이었고, 자실체 갓직경, 대직경, 대길이 등은 처리간 차이가 없었으며, 자실체의 비정형과 발생율은 $CO_2$ 500, 1000, 1500ppm 처리에서는 4.0~7.3%로 유의차가 없었으나 2000ppm처리에서 13.8%로 현저히 증가하였다. 수확기 자실체의 중량에 따른 등급별 분포는 50g 이상은 갓의 신장이 1~2개체에서만 두드러졌던 500ppm 처리에서 10.3%으로 가장 높았으나, 상품화가 가능한 상등급과 중등급의 비율은 $CO_2$ 1000ppm 처리에서 65.4%로 가장 많았고. $CO_2$ 2000ppm 처리에서는 20g 이하의 하품의 비율이 59.3%로 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 수확기 자실체 갓과 대의 경도, 응집성, 검성 등의 물리적 특성은 처리간 큰 차이가 없어 $CO_2$ 농도가 수확기의 자실체 물성에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과로 아위느타리버섯 대량생산을 위한 시설재배사의 적정 $CO_2$ 농도는 자실체 수량과 유효경수가 많고 상품화가 가능한 중량의 개체 생산비율이 높은 $CO_2$ 1000ppm 처리가 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.128-135
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• 1999

This study was conducted to determine the sidestream smoke concentration, nicotine, tar, and CO, by the characteristics of tobacco leaves and their combinations. 20 kinds of tobacco leaves and 15 types of their combinations were selected for this study. After collecting the sidestream smoke by fishtail chimney, the concentrations of nicotine, tar, and CO in sidestream smoke were analyzed. Variation in nicotine concentration of sidestream smoke among tobacco leaves and their combinations was as much as 9-times. Heavy leaves and burley leaves were higher in nicotine concentration than light leaves and flue-cured leaves, respectively, the reconstituted tobacco leaf had the minimum concentration of nicotine. Tar concentration of sidestream smoke also was changed by the characteristics of tobacco leaves and their combinations. As the american C4F had the maximum concentration of tar in sidestream smoke, the reconstituted tobacco leaf showed the minimum concentration. Blending 50 % flue-cured B1-0 plus 50% burley B1-T grade showed the highest value in the nicotine concentration. Also, in case of adding B3K and izmir tobacco leaves, the nicotine concentration was decreased. The tar concentration in the sidestream smoke increased as increasing the amount of flue-cured heavy leaf. The CO concentration was not so much Changed by the characteristics of tobacco leaves and their combinations.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.378-383
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• 2008

환경부는 2006년 12월에 "대중교통수단 실내공기질 관리 가이드라인"을 제정하였다. 관리항목으로 이산화탄소($CO_2$)와 미세먼지(PM10)에 대해 각각 Level 1(평상시)과 Level 2(혼잡시)로 가이드라인을 제시하였다. 이에 열차와 전동차에 대해 실내공기질 관리가 필요하게 되었다. 본 연구는 2007년 9월과 11월에 4호선(당고개-오이도), 1호선 급행(동인천-용산) 전동차 운행구간을 대상으로 실내공기질을 측정하였다. 또한 전동차 설계검토 사양과 일반적인 공기인자 등의 물성값을 적용하여 $CO_2$ 농도를 예측하였다. 그리고 전동차 실내공기질 실측치와 비교분석 하였다. 측정결과 PM10 농도는 환경부 가이드라인에 각각 44, 57, 45% 수준, $CO_2$농도는 각각 39, 36, 44% 수준으로 양호하였다. 또한 $CO_2$ 농도 예측치와 실측치를 비교한 결과 예측치는 실측치에 유사한 결과로 나타났다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.312-317
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• 2005

Electric Multiple Unit is one of the major mass public transportation systems and passengers are under the influence of indoor air quality such as air temperature, relative humidity and concentration of CO2 gas. Therefore ventilation system of Electric Multiple Unit should be designed for both healthy and comfortable environments. We survey the optimal ventilation rate and the permissible CO2 concentration in the saloon with the consideration of the cooling and heating capacity and fresh air induced from tunnel.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.105-115
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• 2001

This study was conducted to analyzed the pattern of $CO_2$ concentration changes in various time scale within and across the Korean Peninsula. We compared that data sets obtained from Moo-Ahn(NAN) station in Korea with those determined from major background observatory stations around the world from the periods of Aug. 1995 to Dec. 1997. The mean $CO_2$concentrations of the MAN area, if computed using the total of 884 daily mean values, were computed to by 374.5$\pm$6.6 ppm. When the background data for MAN were compared with those of other background site, the concentration of MAN was systematically higher than any other comparable sites. Results of correlation analysis between MAN and other background sites generally showed up the existence of strong correlations, indicating that the relative effect of $CO_2$ concentration change can proceed similarly over the globe. However, notable differences in annual growth rate of $CO_2$ between MAN and all the comparative sites suggested that its concentration in th MAN area be regulated in more complicated manners than those in the other areas. It is thus suspected that the data collected form MAN area be not effective enough to represent areal distribution characteristics of $CO_2$in the Korean Peninsula.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was conducted to indentified the fixing quality of $CO_2$, the most important greenhouse effect gas, by microalgae Chlorella ellipsoidea in batch test apparatus. The glass flask of $1.4{\ell}$ culture media which was saturated with 99.99% pure $CO_2$ gas was setted water bath of $25^{\circ}C$, 5000Lux, and seeded 100$m\ell$ algae liquid. We checked the change of inorganic carbon concentration and algae population with time in culture media. The result were next: the growth of algae population relied on aquatic IC(inorganic carbon) concentration. And the pH was increased with decrease of IC concentration. The growth of algae population had positive correalation with $CO_2$ concentration, and the coefficient of correlation was 0.982. The specific growth rate($\mu$) of Chlorella ellipsoidea was 1.104/d, the maximum specific growth $rate({\mu}_{max}$) of 9.21/d, and helf velocity constant($K_s$) of $259mg/{\ell}$ by Monod equation.

• 대한건축학회연합논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2018

Occupancy-based heating control is effective in reducing heating energy by preventing unnecessary heating during unoccupied period. Various technologies on detecting human occupancy have been developed using complicated machine learning algorithm and stochastic methodologies. This study aims at deriving low-cost and simple algorithm of occupancy inference that can be implemented to residential buildings. The core concept of the algorithm is to combine the occupancy probabilities based on indoor CO2 concentration and PIR(passive infrared) signals. The probability was estimated by applying different levels of decrement ratio depending on CO2 concentration change rate and aggregated PIR signals. The developed algorithm was validated by comparing the inference results with the occupancy schedule in a real residential building. The results showed that the inference algorithm can achieve the accuracy of 75~99%, which would be successfully implemented to the control of residential heating systems.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.423-434
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• 2012

This study was carried out to develop for the emission factor of greenhouse gas (GHG) from medium and smallscaled incineration facility using RPF which is considering as a part of renewable energy in UNFCC. The actual concentration of the exhaust gas and the fuel composition of RPF were measured for the calculation of GHG emission factor in RPF incinerators, and were compared with the IPCC guideline. The $CO_2$ and $N_2O$ emission factors by the actual concentration of exhaust gas were $2.3575{\pm}1.0070tCO_2/tRPF$ and $0.0014{\pm}0.0014tN_2O/tRPF$ respectively. Also, $CO_2$ emission factor by the RPF composition was $2.7057{\pm}0.0540tCO_2/tRPF$. The GHG emission factor per energy by the actual concentration was $83.0867{\pm}26.0346tCO_2e/TJ$ which showed higher consistency with the GHG emission factor ($80.3967tCO_2e/TJ$) of waste plastic in the IPCC guideline (2006b). The $CO_2$ and $N_2O$ emission factor calculated in this study is considered as a meaningful data for GHG emission factor of RPF incineration facility because of not being developed in ROK.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 1983

The stoichiometry between the consumption of CO and $O_2$ and the production of $CO_2(2CO+O_2{\rightarrow}2CO_2)$) showed that Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena grows as a typical aerobic CO oxidizer with CO. The optimal concentration of CO for growth was found to be 30% in gas mixture with air. The initial buffer concentration of the culture medium did not affect the growth of this bacterium. P. carboxydohydrogena is an obligate aerobe and dose not use nitrate as a terminal electron acceptor. The CO dehydrogenase is an inducible and soluble enzyme. The reaction rate and stability were maximal at pH7.5, and the Arrhenius plot revealed an activation energy of 37.7kJ/mol (9.0 Kcal/mol). The crude enzyme used methylene blue, thionin, and toluylene blue as electron acceptors for the oxidation of CO to $Co_2$ under anaerobic conditions. It was found that water must be the source of the second oxygen atom for CO oxidation.