• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.13-16
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• 1997

Steroid induced bone loss is a serious problem in frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome especially in growing children. In order to evaluate whether $1-(OH)D_3$ (IL Sung Pharma.Co.) is effective in preventing steroid induced bone loss, we gave $0.5{\mu}g$ of $1-(OH)D_3$ for one year to forty patients with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome, receiving longterm prednisolone therapy (mean duration $50.12{\pm}29.40$ months). We checked the following markers before and after $1-(OH)D_3$ therapy. i.e. bone mineral density(BMD) using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA) at the 2nd to 4th lumbar spine, serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone(PTH), osteocalcin and urine pyridinoline(U-PYD). BMD($g/cm^2$) was increased even steroid therapy from $0.71{\pm}0.0\;to\;0.73{\pm}0.0$ (p<0.05). Lumbar spine BMD is a sensitive marker for evaluating steroid induced bone loss in children receiving longterm corticosteroid therapy and that $1-(OH)D_3$ appears to be effective in treating and preventing steroid induced bone loss.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 1999

The phytochemical studies of the leaves of Caragana chamlagu were carried out as a sieries of the investigation of medicinal resources. The roots of Caragana chamlagu have been used as neuralgia, arthritis and migraine in the folk medicines of Korea. The methanolic extract of the leaves of Caragana chamlagu was suspended with water and then separated with chloroform. Compound I was isolated from precipitates of these water fraction by recrystalization. The aqueous fraction of MeOH extract was performed to column chromatography on Amberlite XAD-4 and Sephadex LH-20, and three compounds, compound II, compound III, and compound IV were isolated. The structures of the four compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic data of $^1H-NMR$, ^{13}C-NMR$, IR, and FAB-MS. Compound I-IV were tilianine ($acacetin-7-O-{\beta}-D-glycopyranoside$), rutin($quercetin-3-O-{\alpha}-L-rhamnopyranosy(1{\rightarrow}6)-{\beta}-D-glu-copyranoside$), $kaempferol-3-O-{\alpha}-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1{\rightarrow}6)-{\beta}-D-galactopyranoside$, and apigetrin, ($apigenin-7-O-{\beta}-D-glycopyranoside$), respectively.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.127-134
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• 2013

Xylitol is a sugar alcohol with a variety of functions including bactericidal and anticariogenic effects. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying the role of xylitol in bone metabolism are not yet clarified. In our present study, we exploited the physiological role of xylitol on osteoclast differentiation in a co-culture system of osteoblastic and RAW 264.7 cells. Xylitol treatment of these co-cultures reduced the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells induced by 10 nM $1{\alpha},25(OH)_2D_3$ in a dose-dependent manner. A cell viability test revealed no marked cellular damage by up to 100 mM of xylitol. Exposure of osteoblastic cells to xylitol decreased RANKL, but not OPG, mRNA expression in the presence of $10^{-8}M$ $1{\alpha},25(OH)_2D_3$ in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, bone resorption activity, assessed on bone slices in the coculture system, was found to be dramatically decreased with increasing xylitol concentrations. RANKL and OPG proteins were assayed by ELISA and the soluble RANKL (sRANKL) concentration was decreased with an increased xylitol concentration. In contrast, OPG was unaltered by any xylitol concentration in this assay. These results indicate that xylitol inhibits $1{\alpha},25(OH)_2D_3$-induced osteoclastogenesis by reducing the sRANKL/OPG expression ratio in osteoblastic cells.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.620-627
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• 2008

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: A biochemical approach for surface modification has offered an alternative for physicochemical and morphological methods to obtain desirable bone-implant interfaces. PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to investigate cell responses to poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/$1{\alpha}$,25-(OH)$_2D_3$ coating with reference to cellular proliferation and differentiation in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 96 titanium discs were fabricated and divided into four groups. Group 1 was anodized under 300 V as control. Group 2, 3 and 4 were anodized then coated with 3 ml PLGA/$1{\alpha}$,25-(OH)$_2D_3$ solutions. Amount of the solutions were 2 ul, 20 ul and 200ul respectively. The osteoblast-like Human Osteogenic Sarcoma (HOS) cells were seeded and cultured for 1, 3 and 7 days. MTSbased cell proliferation assay and ALPase activity test were carried out. RESULTS: PLGA nanoparticles were observed as fine, smooth and round and HOS cells attached to the anodized surfaces through strand-like and sheet-like filopodia. After 3 days of culture, the dendritic filopodia were exaggerated and sheet-like cytoplasmic projections covered the coated titanium surfaces. After 3 days of culture, all of the groups showed increased cellular proliferation and the lowest proliferation rate was measured on group 2. Higher amount of incorporated $1{\alpha}$,25-(OH)$_2D_3$ (Group 3 and 4) improved cellular proliferation but the differences were not significant statistically (P > .05). But they increased the rate of ALP activities than the control group at day 3 (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Biodegradable PLGA nanoparticles incorporated with vitamin D metabolite positively affected proliferation and differentiation of cells on the anodized titanium surface.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2006

The roots of Dipsacus asper are used in traditional Chinese medicine as an analgesic, enhancement of liver activity, an anti-inflammatory agent and the treatment of fractures. In order to investigate the antioxidative activity, Dipsaci Radix was extracted with MeOH and fractionated with $CHCl_3$, EtOAc, BuOH and water. MeOH ex. and its solvent fractions were determined on the free radical scavenging activity by DPPH method and antioxidative activity on low density lipoprotein oxidation. The EtOAc and BuOH fractions showed antioxidative activities and from their fractions, two compounds were isolated and identified as hederagenin 3-O-${alpha}$-L-arabino pyranoside (compound 1) and O-${\alpha}$-L-arabinopyranosyl hed-eragenin 28-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosyl ($1{\to}6$)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosyl ester (compound 2). Saponin glycoside, compound I showed anti-oxidative activity.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.91-95
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• 2012

In this paper, we show how to construct the first layer $k^{\alpha}_{1}$ of anti-cyclotomic ${\mathbb{{Z}}}_{3}$-extension of imaginary quadratic fields $k(=\;{\mathbb{{Q}}}(\sqrt{-d}))$ when the Sylow subgroup of class group of k is 3-elementary, and give an example. This example is different from the one we obtained before in the sense that when we write $k^{\alpha}_{1}\;=\;k({\eta}),{\eta}$ is obtained from non-units of ${\mathbb{{Q}}}({\sqrt{3d}})$.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.546-552
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of rat intestinal ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitor ; methanol(80%), ethanol(80%) and $dH_2O$ extract of Schizandra chinensis in Korea(KS : Schizandra chinensis in Korea) and China(CS : Schizandra chinensis in China). When the final concentration was 1 $mg/m{\ell}$ for each sample(KS and CS), MeOH extract of KS($IC_{50}$ 1.62 mg/ml) showed 46.8%, EtOH extract of KS($IC_{50}$ 1.48 mg/ml) showed 47.4%, $dH_2O$ extract of KS($IC_{50}$ 1.72 mg/ml) showed 46.3% and MeOH extract of CS($IC_{50}$ 8.35 mg/ml) showed 13.3%, EtOH extract of CS($IC_{50}$ 8.05 mg/ml) showed 16%, $dH_2O$ extract of CS($IC_{50}$ 8.37 mg/ml) showed 11.54% of inhibiter for p-nitrophenyl ${\alpha}$, D-glucopyranoside ${\alpha}-glcosidase$ activity, respectively, And the contents of total phenol, flavonoid of Schizandra chinensis were measured. When the final concentration was 1 $mg/m{\ell}$ for each sample(KS and CS), total phenol and flavonoid in KS were higher than CS, respectively.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.273-278
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• 2012

Further phytochemical investigation on the whole plant of Thyrsanthera suborbicularis, collected in Cambodia, led to kaempferol (1), vitexin (2), apigenin-7-O-neohesperidoside (3), chrysoeriol-7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (4), isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside (5), kaempferol-3-O-[${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(13)-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(16)-${\beta}$-D-galactopyranoside (6), kaempferol-3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl(12)-O-[${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl (16)]-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (7), kaempferol-3-O-[6"-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl]-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (8), kaempferol-3-O-[6"-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl]-${\beta}$-D-galactopyranoside (9), and amentoflavone (10). All the structures were confirmed by the interpretation of NMR (1D and 2D) and MS data, and comparison with the published values. Of the isolated compounds 1 - 10, compounds 8 and 10 displayed the inhibitory activity against NO production in LPS-induced Raw 264.7 cells with $IC_{50}$ values, 3.56 and $15.73{\mu}M$, respectively.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.65-69
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• 2004

The chromatographic separation of MeOH extract of the aerial parts of Aster glehni (Compositae) led to the isolation of three sesquiterpenes, two sterols and four terpenes. Their structures were determined to be $\beta$-amyrin acetate (1), phytol (2), alismol (3), $\alpha$-tocopheryl quinone (4), $\alpha$-spinasterol (5), 10-O-methyl alismoxide (6), alismoxide (7), and 3-O-(6'-O-palmitoyl-$\beta$-D-glucosyl)-spinasta 7,22-diene (8) by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods . These compounds (1-8) were first isolated from the Aster glehni.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.225-236
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• 2004

본 실험에서는 녹용 약침액의 항 골재흡수 속성을 조사하였다. PTH, $1,25(OH)_2D_3$와 IL-1을 각각 골재흡수 인자로 사용하여 생쥐의 두개골에서 osteoblast 세포를 격리, 배양, 그리고 자극시켰을 때 collagenolysis의 증가를 보였다. 두 가지를 동시에 사용한 결과, IL-1은 골재흡수성을 촉진시키고 재 흡수력을 생산하였다. In vitro에서의 세포독성 결과는 $1-200{\mu}g/ml$의 녹용 약침액 농도 분포에서 무세포독성을 보였다. 또한 녹용 약침액은 생쥐의 두개골 골아세포 내에서 PTH (2 unit/ml), IL-$1{\alpha}$ (1 ng/ml), $1,25(OH)_2D_3$ (10 ng/ml), IL-$1{\alpha}$ 및 IL-$1{\beta}$로 인해 유발된 collagenolysis에 대해서 대항하는 보호활동성을 나타내었다. 녹용약침액은 IL-$1{\alpha}$ 와 IL-$1{\beta}$로 인해 유발된 collagenolysis에 대항하는 보호활동성을 지녔다. DAS는 IL-$1{\alpha}$와 IL-$1{\beta}$로 인해 촉진된 골재 흡수력을 억제하는 효과를 보였다. 이와 같은 결과는 녹용약침액이 골다공증과 연관된 질환에 대해서 매우 안정적인 임상적 사용이 가능한 것을 관찰할 수 있으므로 추후 이와 관련한 지속적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료되었다.