• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.233-240
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• 2015

Although the effects of the rice bran have recently been investigated, there is no information regarding platelet physiology available. However, it is well known that fermented natural plants have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate whether fermented rice bran extract (FRBE) with several plants (Artemisia princeps, Angelica Gigantis Radix, Cnidium officinale, and Camellia sinensis) affected agonist-induced platelet aggregation, and if so, what the underlying mechanism of its activity was. We performed several experiments, including in vitro platelet aggregation, intracellular calcium concentration and adenosine triphosphate release. In addition, the activation of integrin ${\alpha}_{II}b{\beta}3$ was determined using fibrinogen binding. Thrombus formation was also evaluated in vivo using an arterio-venous shunt model. The FRBE inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner. FRBE significantly and dose dependently attenuated thrombus formation using rat arterio-venous shunt. FRBE suppressed the intracellular calcium mobilization in collagen-stimulated platelets. We also found that FRBE inhibited extracellular stimuli-responsive kinase 1/2, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinases and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation. These results suggested that FRBE inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation, which was mediated by modulation of downstream signaling molecules. In conclusion, FRBE could be developed as a functional food against aberrant platelet activation-related cardiovascular diseases.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.122.2-122.2
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• 2016

Surface topographical cues has been highlighted to control the fate of neural stem cells (NSCs). Herein we developed a hierarchically patterned substrate (HPS) platform for regulating NSC differentiation. The HPS induced cytoskeleton alignment and highly activated focal adhesion in hNSCs as indicated by enhanced expression of focal adhesion proteins such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and vinculin. hNSCs cultured on HPS exhibited enhanced neuronal differentiation compared to flat group. We also developed a graphene oxide (GO)-based hierarchically patterned substrates (GPS) that promote focal adhesion formation and neuronal differentiation of hNSCs. Enhanced focal adhesion and differentiation of hNSCs on the HPS was reversed by blocking the ${\beta}1$ integrin binding and mechanotransduction-associated signals including Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) and extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, which may suggest a potential mechanism of beneficial effects of HPS. In addition, hNSCs on the HPS differentiated into functional neurons exhibiting sodium currents and action potentials as confirmed by whole cell patch-clamping analysis. The hierarchical topography can direct differentiation of NSCs towards functional neurons, and therefore would be an important element for the design of functional biomaterials for neural tissue regeneration applications.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.210-220
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• 1996

Background : Neutrophils or monocytes separated in vitro by the adherence to plastic surface are known to be activated by surface adherence itself and subsequent experimental data might be altered by surface adherence. In the process of surface adherence, adhesion molecules have a clear role in intracellular signal pathway of cellular activation. Human alveolar macrophages(HAM) are frequently purified by the adherence procedure after bronchoalveolar lavage. But the experimental data of many reports about alveolar macrophages have ignored the possibility of adhesion-induced cellular activation. Method : Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed in the person whose lung of either side was confirmed to be normal by chest CT. With the measurement of hydrogen peroxide release from adherent HAM to plastic surface and non-adherent HAM with or without additional stimulation of phorbol myristate acetate(PMA) or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), we observed the effect of the adherence to plastic surface. We also evaluated the effect of various biological surfaces on adhesion-induced activation of HAM. Then, to define the intracellular pathway of signal transduction, pretreatment with cycloheximide, pertussis toxin and anti-CD11/CD18 monoclonal antibody was done and we measured hydrogen peroxide in the culture supernatant of HAM. Results : 1) The adherence itself to plastic surface directly stimulated hydrogen peroxide release from human alveolar macrophages and chemical stimuli such as phorbol myristate acetate(PMA) or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine(fMLP) colud not increase hydrogen peroxide release in these adherent macrophages which is already activated. 2) PMA activated human alveolar macrophages irrespective of the state of adhesion. However, fMLP stimulated the release of hydrogen peroxide from the adherent macrophages, but not from the non-adherent macrophages. 3) HAM adherent to A549 cell(type II alveolar epithelium-like human cell line) monolayer released more hydrogen peroxide in response to both PMA and fMLP. This adherence-dependent effect of fMLP was blocked by pretreatment of macrophages with cycloheximide, pertussis toxin and anti-CD18 monoclonal antibody, Conclusion : These results suggest that the stimulatory effect of PMA and fMLP can not be found in adherent macrophage because of the activation of human alveolar macrophage by the adherence to plastic surface and the cells adhered to biologic surface such as alveolar epithelial cells are appropriately responsive to these stimuli. It is also likely that the effect of fMLP on the adherent macrophage requires new protein synthesis via G protein pathway and is dependent on the adhesion between alveolar macrophages and alveolar epithelial cells by virtue of CD11/CD18 adhesion molecules.

• BMB Reports
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.253-258
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• 2012

The dermal papilla cells (DPCs) of hair follicles are known to secrete paracrine factors for follicular cells. Shotgun proteomic analysis was performed to compare the expression profiles of the secretomes of human DPCs and dermal fibroblasts (DFs). In this study, the proteins secreted by DPCs and matched DFs were analyzed by 1DE/LTQ FTICR MS/MS, semi-quantitatively determined using emPAI mole percent values and then characterized using protein interaction network analysis. Among the 1,271 and 1,188 proteins identified in DFs and DPCs, respectively, 1,529 were further analyzed using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis tool. We identified 28 DPC-specific extracellular matrix proteins including transporters (ECM1, A2M), enzymes (LOX, PON2), and peptidases (C3, C1R). The biochemically-validated DPC-specific proteins included thrombospondin 1 (THBS1), an insulin-like growth factor binding protein3 (IGFBP3), and, of particular interest, an integrin beta1 subunit (ITGB1) as a key network core protein. Using the shotgun proteomic technique and network analysis, we selected ITGB1, IGFBP3, and THBS1 as being possible hair-growth modulating protein biomarkers.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.1345-1354
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• 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify candidate genes that play important roles in skeletal muscle development in ducks. Methods: In this study, we investigated the transcriptional sequencing of embryonic pectoral muscles from two specialized lines: Liancheng white ducks (female) and Cherry valley ducks (male) hybrid Line A (LCA) and Line C (LCC) ducks. In addition, prediction of target genes for the differentially expressed mRNAs was conducted and the enriched gene ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes signaling pathways were further analyzed. Finally, a protein-to-protein interaction network was analyzed by using the target genes to gain insights into their potential functional association. Results: A total of 1,428 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with 762 being up-regulated genes and 666 being down-regulated genes in pectoral muscle of LCA and LCC ducks identified by RNA-seq (p<0.05). Meanwhile, 23 GO terms in the down-regulated genes and 75 GO terms in up-regulated genes were significantly enriched (p<0.05). Furthermore, the top 5 most enriched pathways were ECM-receptor interaction, fatty acid degradation, pyruvate degradation, PPAR signaling pathway, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Finally, the candidate genes including integrin b3 (Itgb3), pyruvate kinase M1/2 (Pkm), insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1), glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (Gpi), GABA type A receptor-associated protein-like 1 (Gabarapl1), and thyroid hormone receptor beta (Thrb) showed the most expression difference, and then were selected to verification by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The result of qRT-PCR was consistent with that of transcriptome sequencing. Conclusion: This study provided information of molecular mechanisms underlying the developmental differences in skeletal muscles between specialized duck lines.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.11A
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• pp.1661-1671
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• 2000

본 고에서는 한국통신(Korea Telecom) IMT-2000 시험시스템(이하: Trial system 라고 함) 단말기용 전력증폭단으로 적용하기 위한 다단구동증폭기 및 전력증폭기를 GaAs MMIC로 설계 구현하는 기술을 제시하였다. 설계된 구동증폭기는 3단으로구성하여 RF(Radia Frequency) 송신신호(1955$\pm$70MHz)대역에서 2단 (중간단)의 이득 조정범위가 40 dB이상이 될 수 있도록 능동부품인 MESFET를 Cascade 형으로 구성하고 MESFET의 게이트(gate)에 조정전압을 인가하는 증폭기를 설계하여 GaAs MMIC화 1 침(크기4$\times$5 mm)으로 제작하였다. 아울러, 본 논문에서는 제시한 구동증폭기는 동작주파수 대역폭 범위기 3.5배이고 출력전력은 15dBmm 이며, 출력전력이득이 25~27dB이고 반사계수는 -15~20dB이며 이득평탄도 3dB(동작주파수 대역폭내)로써 Trial system용 단말기의 최종단인 전력증폭단의 출력단 특성을 효과적으로 나타내었다. 그리고, 전력 증폭기는 2개의 입력단에서 출력되는 신호를 분배하는 전력분배기와 병렬구조인 4개의 증폭단에서 출력되는 출력신호를 외부에서 접속하는 전력결합기를 접소하여 구성하였으며 RF(Radio Frequency) 주파수(1955 $\pm$70NHz)에서 대역폭을 4배로 설계하여 광대역인 대역폭을 구현하였고 출력전력은 570mW이며, 출력부가효율(PAE; Power Added Efficency)가 -15$\pm$20dB이고, 이득 평탄도(Gain flatness)는 동작주파수 대역내에서 0.5dB이며 입출력 전압정재파비(Input & Output VSWR)가 13이하인 고출력 전력증포기를 GaAs MMIC화 1칩 (크기; 3$\times$4mm)으로 제작하였다.의 다양성이나 편리성으로 변화하는 것이 국적을 바꾸는 것보다 어려운 시 대가 멀지 않은 미래에 도래할 것이다. 신세기 통신 과 SK 텔레콤에는 현재 1,300만명이 넘 는 고객이 있으며. 이들 고객은 어 이상 음성통화 중심의 이동전화 고객이 아니라 신세기 통신과 SK텔레콤이 함께 구축해 나갈 거대란 무선 네트워크 사회에서 정보화 시대를 살아 갈 회원들이다. '컨텐츠의 시대'가 개막되는 것이며, 신세기통신과 SK텔레콤은 선의의 경쟁 과 협력을 통해 이동인터넷 서비스의 컨텐츠를 개발해 나가게 될 것이다. 3배가 높았다. 효소 활성에 필수적인 물의 양에 따른 DIAION WA30의 라세미화 효율에 관하여 실험한 결과, 물의 양이 증가할수록 그 효율은 감소하였다. DIAION WA30을 라세미화 촉매로 사용하여 아이소옥탄 내에서 라세믹 나프록센 2,2,2-트리플로로에틸 씨오에스터의 효소적 DKR 반응을 수행해 보았다. 그 결과 DIAION WA30을 사용하지 않은 경우에 비해 반응 전환율과 생성물의 광학 순도는 급격히 향상되었다. 전통적 광학분할 반응의 최대 50%라는 전환율의 제한이 본 연구에서 찾은 DIAION WA30을 첨가함으로써 성공적으로 극복되었다. 또한 고체 염기촉매인 DIAION WA30의 사용은 라세미화 촉매의 회수 및 재사용이 가능하게 해준다.해준다.다. TN5 세포주를 0.2 L 규모 (1 L spinner flask)oJl에서 세포간의 응집현상 없이 부유배양에 적응,배양시킨 후 세포성장 시기에 따른 발현을 조사한 결과 1 MOI의 감염조건 하에서는 $0.6\times10^6$cell/mL의 early exponential시기의 세포밀도에서 72시간 배양하였을 대 최대 발현양을 나타내었다. 나타내었다. $\beta$4 integrin의 표현이 침투 능력을 높이는 역할을 하나 이때에는 laminin과 같은 리간드와의 특이

• 전기의세계
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.170-176
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• 1980

이 논문은 제어신호가 이상적인 포화특성을 갖은 제작조건하의 시불변, 선형 제어계의 시최적화 제어기구의 설계이론을 비교 연구하는데 목적을 두었다. 어떤 초기상태에 있는 계를 특정된 최종상태로, 최단시간내에 이행시켜 가는데 요구되는 제어기구의 설계문제는 여러해 동안 흥미있는 연구과제로 학계에 등장되었고 이러한 문제를 처리하는데에는 여러가지의 설계방법이 제안되어 왔다. 이 논문에서는 이러한 최적화 제어기구의 설계 이론중, 상태천이법에 의한 방법, 최대원리의 적용에 의한 방법 및 동적 프로그래밍기법에 의한 방법들을 서로 비교하여 2차계의 시최적화 설계사례에 이들을 적용시킴으로써 그 설계법상의 문제점을 비교 검토하여 보려는데 목적을 두었다. 설계사례 2차계는 시불변, 선형인 것으로 가정하였으며, 초기상태벡터 및 최종상태벡터는 모두 특정된 값으로 지정되고 제어신호는 이상적인 포화특성으로 제약받으며 스윗칭 시간이 유한크기가 아닌 정규형인 경우에 한정시켜 다루었다. 어느 설계이론을 적용시키나 시최적화를 위한 제어측은 단속제어방식으로 결과되었으나, 시최적화 문제의 특수성때문에 최대원리 및 동적 프로그래밍기법의 적용사례에서는 자연경계조건 및 Transversality 조건 등이 스윗칭시간 또는 최종시간을 직접 결정하여 주는 관건은 되지 못하였으며 계통의 상태방정식 또는 보조상태방정식을 구속제약된 양단상태량을 만족하도록 최적에어측을 적용하여 풀므로써 스윗칭시간과 최종시간이 얻어진다. 따라서 어느 한가지 방법의 적용만으로는 수학적인 처리상의 애로는 피할길이 없었으며 Hamiltonian함수의 변화성질을 보조적으로 활용하여 가면 이러한 번거로움이 덜하여 지긴하나, 다루는 계통의 차수가 높을 수록 이러한 수치해를 얻기위한 번거로움은 여간한 험로가 아닌 것으로 생각된다. 결론적으로 이러한 시최적화문제의 설계에는 몇가지의 혼용적용이 바람직하다고 결론된다. 이의 개발에 박차를 가하지 않을 수 없는 것이다.고, 우선 여기서는 당면문제로서 대처하지 않으면 안될 자동주파수제어문제및 계통의 경제운용문제만에 한정하여, 이것을 우리나라의 현상과 관련시켜 개설하고, 이들의 자동화에 관한 기본적인 문제를 간단히 적어 보겠다. 가능하다. 제작완료된 ASIC은 기능시험을 완료했으며 실제 line-of-sight(LOS) 시스템 구현에 적용중이다. 시대를 살아 갈 회원들이다. '컨텐츠의 시대'가 개막되는 것이며, 신세기통신과 SK텔레콤은 선의의 경쟁 과 협력을 통해 이동인터넷 서비스의 컨텐츠를 개발해 나가게 될 것이다. 3배가 높았다. 효소 활성에 필수적인 물의 양에 따른 DIAION WA30의 라세미화 효율에 관하여 실험한 결과, 물의 양이 증가할수록 그 효율은 감소하였다. DIAION WA30을 라세미화 촉매로 사용하여 아이소옥탄 내에서 라세믹 나프록센 2,2,2-트리플로로에틸 씨오에스터의 효소적 DKR 반응을 수행해 보았다. 그 결과 DIAION WA30을 사용하지 않은 경우에 비해 반응 전환율과 생성물의 광학 순도는 급격히 향상되었다. 전통적 광학분할 반응의 최대 50%라는 전환율의 제한이 본 연구에서 찾은 DIAION WA30을 첨가함으로써 성공적으로 극복되었다. 또한 고체 염기촉매인 DIAION WA30의 사용은 라세미화 촉매의 회수 및 재사용이 가능하게 해준다.해준다.다. TN5 세포주를 0.2 L 규모 (1 L spinner flask)oJl에서 세포간의 응집현상 없이 부유배양에 적응,배양시킨 후 세포성장 시기에 따른 발현을 조사한 결과 1 MOI의 감염조건 하에서는 $0.6\times10^6$cell/mL의 early exponential시기의 세포밀도에서 72시간 배양하였을 대 최대 발현양을 나타내었다. 나타내었다. $\beta$4 integrin의

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.663-668
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• 2015

hBMSCs are multipotent cells that are useful for tissue regeneration to treat degenerative diseases and others for their differentiation ability into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, hepatocytes and neuronal cells. In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(${\varepsilon}$-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides. The primary cultured cells from human bone marrow are confirmed as hBMSC by immunohistochemical analysis. Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, $integrin1{\beta}$, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative. Three different hydrogel scaffolds with different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight) were fabricated using the salt leaching method. The hBMSCs were expanded, seeded on the scaffolds, and cultured up to 8 days under static conditions in Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Media (IMDM). The growth of MSCs cultured on the hydrogel with PEG/PCL= 6/14 was faster than that of the others. In addition, the morphology of MSCs seemed to be normal and no cytotoxicity was found. The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice. These results suggest that hBMSCs can be supported by a biode gradable hydrogel scaffold for effective cell growth, and enhance the angiogenesis by Matrigel coating.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.1347-1354
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• 2006

The aims of this study were to establish a simple and effective method for isolating male germline stem cells (GSCs), and to test the possibility of using these cells as a new approach for male infertility treatment. Testes obtained from neonatal and adult mice were manually decapsulated. GSCs were collected from seminiferous tubules by a two-step enzyme digestion method and plated on gelatin-coated dishes. Over 5-7 days of culture, GSCs obtained from neonates and adults gave rise to large multicellular colonies that were subsequently grown for 10 passages. During in vitro proliferation, oct-4 and two immunological markers (Integrin ${\beta}1,\;{\alpha}6$) for GSCs were highly expressed in the cell colonies. During another culture period of 6 weeks to differentiate to later stage germ cells, the expression of oct-4 mRNA decreased in GSCs and Sertoli cells encapsulated with calcium alginate, but the expression of c-kit and testis-specific histone protein 2B(TH2B) mRNA as well as the localization of c-kit protein was increased. Expression of transition protein (TP-l) and localization of peanut agglutinin were not seen until 3 weeks after culturing, and appeared by 6 weeks of culture. The putative spermatids derived from GSCs supported embryonic development up to the blastocyst stage with normal chromosomal ploidy after chemical activation. Thus, GSCs isolated from neonatal and adult mouse testes were able to be maintained and proliferated in our simple culture conditions. These GSCs have the potential to differentiate into haploid germ cells during another long-term culture.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.569-583
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• 1995

Background: The expression of the adhesion molecules on the cell surface is important in the movement of cells and the modulation of immune response. DILD starts as an alveolitis and progresses to pulmonary fibrosis. So adhesion molecules in these patients is expected to be increased. There are several reports about adhesion molecules in DILD in terms of the percentage of positive cells in immuno-stain, in which the interpretation is subjective and the data were variable. Methods: So we measured the relative median fluorescence intensity(RMFI) which is the ratio of the FI emitted by bound primary monoclonal antibody to FI emitted by isotypic control antibody of the cells in BALF of 28 patients with DILD(IPF:10, collagen disease:7, sarcoidosis:9, hypersensitivity pneumonitis:2) and 9 healthy control. Results: RMFI of the ICAM-1 on AM($3.30{\pm}1.16$) and lymphocyte($5.39{\pm}.70$) of DILD were increased significantly than normal control($0.93{\pm}0.18$, $1.06{\pm}0.21$, respectively, p=0.001, P=0.003). RMFI of the CD18 on lymphocyte was also higher($24.9{\pm}14.9$) than normal($4.59{\pm}3.77$, p=0.0023). And there was a correlation between RMFI of ICAM on AM and the % of AM(r=-0.66, p=0.0001) and lymphocyte(r=0.447, p=0.0116) in BALF. Also RMFI of ICAM on lymphocyte had a significant (r=0.593, p=0.075) correlation with the % of IL-2R(+) lymphocyte in BALF. The soluble ICAM(sICAM) in serum was also significantly elevated in DILD($499.7{\pm}222.2\;ng/ml$) compred to normal($199.0{\pm}38.9$) (p=0.00097) and sICAM in BAL fluid was also significantly higher than normal control group($41.8{\pm}23.0\;ng/ml$ vs $20.1{\pm}13.6\;ng/ml$). There was a Significant correlation between sICAM level in serum and the expression of ICAM-l on AM(r=0.554, p=0.0259).Conclusion: These data suggest that in DILD the expression of adhesion molecules is increased in the AM and BAL lymphocytes with elevated serum sICAM, and these parameter may be useful in determining disease activity.