• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.62-67
• /
• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the physiological activities of stings of Gleditsia sinensis extracts. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring total phenolic contents (TPC), comet assay, and 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (RSA). Anti-diabetic activity was measured by inhibition activities on $\alpha$-glucosidase. Stings of Gleditsia sinensis extracts were prepared by extracting them with methanol and ethanol. The methanolic extracts showed the highest phenol content (1.12 g/100 g gallic acid equivalents). The $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity of methanol extracts were 17.9% higher, and that of ethanol extracts were 10.3% higher at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. These results indicate that stings of Gleditsia sinensis might be potential candidates as antioxidant and anti-diabetic agents.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.315-323
• /
• 2013

This study was conducted in order to compare the biological activities of leaf and root water extracts of Smilax china L. (SC) by measuring the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, anti-oxidant activity, inhibitory effect on ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, and anti-inflammatory gene expression. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of SC leaf (SCLE) and root (SCRE) water extracts were 127.93 mg GAE/g and 39.50 mg GAE/g and 41.99 mg QE/g and 1.25 mg QE/g, respectively. The anti-oxidative activities of SCLE and SCRE were measured using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity assay and reducing power assay. Both SCLE and SCRE scavenged radicals in a concentration-dependent manner, and SCLE showed stronger radical scavenging activity and reducing power than SCRE; however, both SCLE and SCRE exhibited lower activities than ascorbic acid. Compared to the anti-diabetic drug acarbose, which was used as a positive control, SCLE and SCRE exhibited low ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activities; nevertheless, the activity of SCLE was 3.7 fold higher than that of SCRE. Finally, SCLE caused significantly decreased expression of the LPS-induced cytokines, iNOS, and COX-2 mRNA in RAW264.7 cells, indicating anti-inflammatory activity. These results indicate that SCLE might be a potential candidate as an anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory agent.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.521-528
• /
• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate changes in the proximate composition, antioxidant activities, and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) cladodes cultivated in Jeju (JJ1, JJ2, JJ3) and Jeonnam (JN1, JN2). The difference in the proximate composition (crude protein, lipid and ash content) of OFI between the two regions was not significant. Ca, Mg and Na were the major mineral components of OFI. The ascorbic acid content of OFI ranged from 57.87 to 143.72 mg/100 g. A 70% ethanol extract was used to investigate the antioxidant content and activity as well as the ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of OFI were 38.69~55.29 and 3.33~4.03 mg/g, respectively. The antioxidant activities based on the DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging assays were 45.19~61.52% and 39.15~51.96%, respectively, at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. The inhibitory activity of OFI extracts against rat intestinal ${\alpha}$-glucosidase was 29.72~45.73% at 1 mg/mL concentration, and JN1 showed the highest ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity. This information could be very useful for authentication of Opuntia species with the highest potential as sources of nutritional and therapeutic elements.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.688-696
• /
• 2018

Hemp seed (Cannabis sativa L.; HS), an annual herbaceous plant in the Cannabis genus, has been reported to play various biological functions in immunity increase, atherosclerosis, constipation, hyperlipidemia prevention, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer. In recently years, as superfood, the growing interest in the health care benefits of hemp seed has led to increased consumption. In this study, we investigated the effect of an ethanol extract of HS fermented with lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC 3107, L. plantarum KCTC 3108, L. brevis BHN-LAB128, L. paracasei BHN-LAB129). An antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus were 13.99 mm and 15.17 mm, respectively. The ethanol extracts of fermented hemp seed by lactic acid bacteria that the contents of total polyphenol, total flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, SOD-like activity, and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity were increased compared to non-fermented hemp seed. Also, tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the fermented hemp seed (FHS), known to melanin increasing substance was increased. In these results, we suggested that FHS have effects of anti-oxidant, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Hence, we proposed that FHS has possible to development as functional foods and cosmetics.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.157-165
• /
• 2011

In this study, we investigated the biological activities of Carthamus tinctorius including antioxidative, fibrinolytic, thrombin inhibitory, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory and collagenase inhibitory activities. Carthamus tinctorius, hot water extract was fractionated into hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water fraction. Each of these was assayed individually. The hot water extract showed high antioxidative activity and thrombin inhibitory activity at 90.17% and 97.10% respectively. In the fraction activity tests, chloroform fraction showed the highest antioxidative activity at 81.85%. The fibrinolytic activity was strong only in the butanol fraction at 0.70 plasmin units/ml. The thrombin inhibitory activities of hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were 97.35%, 86.74% and 93.18% respectively. In collagenase inhibitory activity test, hexane fraction showed the highest activity at 87.78%. In conclusion, the hot water extract and solvent fractions of Carthamus tinctorius L can be used as a material for the development of biofunctional tea and foods respectively.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.751-759
• /
• 2012

Microbulbifer sp. was used to acquire the degrading products from Ecklonia cava (DPEC) and the products were investigated to determine the physiological activities. Firstly, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay were about 84.1% and 89.6% at 2.5 mg/ml, respectively. In addition, nitrite scavenging ability was shown to be 56.3% at 0.5 mg/ml on pH 1.2. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibitory activity was increased in a dose-dependent manner and was about 58.7% at 2.5 mg/ml. To determine the influence of DPEC on alcohol metabolism, the generating activity of reduced-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) were measured. Facilitating rates of ADH and ALDH activities by DPEC were 123.3% and 215.2% at 2.5 mg/ml, respectively. For analyses of anti-wrinkling and whitening effects, its elastase and tyrosinase inhibitory activities were measured and were about 73.1% and 42.2% at 2.5 mg/ml, respectively. These results indicated that DPEC has valuable biological attributes owing to its antioxidant, nitrite scavenging, and alcohol metabolizing activities and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, elastase, and tyrosinase inhibitory activities.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.261-266
• /
• 2000

The inhibitory activity of several crude drugs on $\alpha$-glucosidases, which are the key enzymes for carbohydrate digestion and the prevention of diabetic complications, was investigated. Several crude drugs including Terminaliae Fructus, Mori Cortex Radicis, Caesalpiniae Lignum and Cyrophora esculenta potently inhibited maltase and sucrase isolated from rat intestine, while Arecae Semen and Corni Fructus remarkably inhibited $\alpha$-amylase. Caesalpiniae Lignum and Gyrophora esculenta exhibited significant reductions of blood glucose elevation in mice loaded with maltose and sucrose.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.223-236
• /
• 2019

This study aimed to investigate the physiological characteristics and anti-diabetic effects of Lactobacillus plantarum KI69. The α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of L. plantarum KI69 was 91.17±2.23% and 98.71±4.23%, respectively. The propionic, acetic, and butyric acid contents of the MRS broth inoculated with L. plantarum KI69 were 8.78±1.12 ppm, 1.34±0.07% (w/v), and 0.876±0.003 g/kg, respectively. L. plantarum KI69 showed higher sensitivity to penicillin-G, oxacillin, and chloramphenicol among 16 different antibiotics and showed the highest resistance to ampicillin and vancomycin. The strain showed higher β-galactosidase, β-glucosidase, and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase activities than other enzymes. Additionally, it did not produce carcinogenic enzymes, such as β-glucuronidase. The survival rate of L. plantarum KI69 in 0.3% bile was 96.42%. Moreover, the strain showed a 91.45% survival rate at pH 2.0. It was resistant to Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus with the rates of 15.44%, 50.79%, 58.62%, and 37.85%, respectively. L. plantarum (25.85%) showed higher adhesion ability than the positive control L. rhamnosus GG (20.87%). These results demonstrate that L. plantarum KI69 has a probiotic potential with anti-diabetic effects.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.888-894
• /
• 2006

Objectives : For the purpose of developing new anti-HIV agents from natural sources, the extracts of Ricinus communis were tested for their inhibitory effects on essential enzymes reverse transcriptase (RT), protease and alpha-glucosidase. Inhibition activity of major compounds of Ricinus communis were predicted from quantitative structure activity relationships (QSAR) in silico. Methods and Results : In the anti-HIV-1 RT using enzyme-linked oligonucleotide sorbent assay (ELOSA) method, water and methanol extracts (100ug/ml) of Ricinus communis showed strong activity of 94.2% and 82.7%, respectively. In the HIV-1 protease and alpha-glucosidase inhibition assay, neither water nor methanol extracts of Ricinus communis inhibited the activity of the enzyme to cleave any substrates as oligopeptides and oligosaccharides. Conclusions : We found that for these samples it is possible that the inhibition of the RT in vitro is due to the secondary metabolites of Ricinus communis such as ricinine and quercetin. It would beof great interest to identify the compounds which are responsible for this inhibition, since all therapeutically useful agents up to date are RT inhibitors.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.296-298
• /
• 2012

In this study, the biological activities of 33 kinds of wild mushroom methanol extracts were investigated. Boletellus elatus showed the greatest fibrinolytic activity (1.08 plasmin units/mL) in a fibrin plate assay, and the activity of Heterobasidion insulasis was 0.89 plasmin units. The thrombin inhibitory activities of Boletellus elatus and Heterobasidion insulasis were 93.32% and 93.69%, respectively. In a ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity test, Laccaria amethystina showed the greatest inhibitory activity at 81.25%. The antioxidative activities of Gomphus sp. and Geastrum lageniforme were 91.37% and 90.42%, respectively. Since Boletellus elatus and Heterobasidion insulasis have strong fibrinolytic and thrombin inhibitory and antioxidative activities, the two mushrooms can be used as material for the development of biofunctional foods for cardiovascular diseases.