This study proposed a forecasting model that combines ANNs and RNNs to address the intermittency and fluidity of solar power generation. Four prediction models were trained separately based on sky conditions provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration, and insolation was estimated using the ASHRAE Clear-Sky model. The proposed model showed an error rate of 6.5-7.7% based on NMAE, which meets the requirements of power generation prediction. As a result, this study can improve the accuracy of solar power generation forecasting, which can contribute to the stability of power operation and the profitability of power operators.

This study explored the effect of double-stacked SiO_X/SiN_X layers on the passivation quality of n-type bifacial crystalline Si solar cells. SiO_X layers were deposited via PECVD under various conditions on n-type silicon wafers with a boron emitter. These layers were capped with SiN_X and thermally treated to optimize the passivation. The optimal conditions resulted in a minority-carrier lifetime of 268 μsec and an implied V_OC of 692 mV. The optimized SiO_X layer had a low interface defect density and high fixed negative charge. When applied to n-type solar cells, the SiO_X/SiN_X stack improved the performance, achieving a V_OC of 646 mV, J_SC of 39.3 mA/cm², FF of 78.06%, and efficiency of 19.82%, demonstrating the potential for higher efficiency in n-type silicon solar cells.

All-perovskite tandem solar cells have been developed as a next-generation solar cell technology to surpass the efficiency limits of single-junction solar cells. By using perovskite materials with different bandgaps in the top and bottom cells, these tandem solar cells can effectively utilize a wider range of the solar spectrum. All-perovskite tandem solar cells have been focused as a next-generation solar cell due to their ability to achieve high efficiency while being manufactured through low-cost solution processing. This paper focuses on key components for improving the performance of all-perovskite tandem solar cells and essential components: wide bandgap perovskite solar cells, narrow bandgap perovskite solar cells, and charge recombination layers. The characteristics, main challenges, and strategies for overcoming these issues are discussed. For wide bandgap perovskites, efficiency is reduced by high trap densities and halide ion phase segregation. Improvement methods through additives and surface passivation are proposed to overcome these issues. In narrow bandgap perovskites, composition control and surface treatment techniques are being developed to reduce the oxidation of Sn-based materials and charge recombination in the perovskite. Additionally, the charge recombination layer is an essential component for efficient electron-hole recombination and minimizing optical losses, with materials such as transparent conductive oxides and ultrathin metals being used. These studies make a significant contribution to enhancing the efficiency and stability of all-perovskite tandem solar cells and suggest future research directions for commercialization.

Photovoltaics (PV) is gaining attention as an alternative energy source to fossil fuels. Although the demand for PV is increasing, it requires more than three times the space compared to conventional power generation, leading to limtation of available land for PV installations. Agrivoltaics is combined with agriculture and solar power generation at the same space, making it highly efficient in terms of land use. This review explores various forms of agrivoltaics systems currently being researched and examines the relationship between energy production and agricultural productivity in these systems. With agrivoltaics, about 70-80% of the energy production of conventional solar power can be achieved, while agricultural yields can reach up to 90% of those produced through conventional farming methods.

Purpose of higher conversion efficiencies, thin-film silicon solar cells based on amorphous silicon have been developed with a multiple-stack structure to fully utilize the absorption spectrum. Microcrystalline silicon (µc-Si) is commonly used in the bottom cell of such tandem junction solar cells, offering improved conversion efficiencies. However, the requirement for a thicker absorption layer to generate sufficient photocurrent presents challenges, primarily due to the lower absorption coefficient of µc-Si, resulting in longer deposition times and greater material thickness. To address these limitations, we propose the development of inorganic-organic hybrid solar cells by integrating a-Si tandem with solution-processed organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs), using low-bandgap semiconducting polymers. The OPVs have garnered significant attention as promising candidates for next-generation photovoltaic technology. As part of this effort, we have optimized the a-Si tandem cell by exploring different materials for a tunnel recombination layer and high quality intrinsic layers. The hybrid approach combines the advantages of both inorganic and organic materials, potentially offering a pathway towards more efficient and cost-effective solar cell solutions.