Purpose - This study examines the relationship between organizational justice and employee job satisfaction and the extent of its moderation by perceived alternative job opportunities. Research design, data, and methodology - This is a cross-sectional study utilizing survey questionnaire data from 220 bank employees, which included scales measuring organizational justice, job satisfaction, and perceived alternative job opportunities. Results - The data is analyzed using correlation and hierarchical regression. Results demonstrated that organizational justice has a direct positive impact on employee job satisfaction further, distributive justice explains more variance in job satisfaction, followed by procedural justice and interactive justice. Perceived alternative job opportunities moderate the relationship between organizational justice and job satisfaction. Conclusions - Generally, organizational justice increases bank employees' job satisfaction; however, when they perceived more job opportunities, their job dissatisfaction increased notwithstanding fairness. Therefore, perceived job opportunities moderate the relationship between organizational justice and job satisfaction. Retaining skilled employees has become difficult, especially when there is market demand for skilled workers. Human resource (HR) managers should consider market situations before formulating policies; otherwise, they may lose the competitive advantage of skilled employees and workers.

Purpose - In this study, we inspected the effects of public-service advertising (PSA) and commercial advertisements on consumers' social and emotional values. Specifically, we include source credibility on advertising models as a mediating variable to compare the path difference between the social and emotional value of consumers, and to test the appropriateness of advertising expenses. Research design, data, and methodology - A total of 219 copies of effective questionnaires were used and methodologies such as Cronbach's alpha, paired samples t-test, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted. Results - The results showed that the consumer model was effective at PSA, while celebrities and CEOs were effective at commercial advertising. Further, only credibility (among source credibility) made a significant difference in the test of PSA models of both PSA and commercial advertising that consumers preferred. Conclusions - The advertising model types varied depending on advertising types (for example, PSA and commercial advertising). Therefore, celebrities and CEOs appearing in commercial advertising should have no ethical or moral defect by self-control, and marketers should elect the model considering such a fact.

Purpose - Appropriate project management knowledge as well as its effective application in the construction industry increase construction quality and, therefore, reduce fatalities and destruction. Research design, data, and methodology - This study was conducted through a comparative analysis of earthquake fatalities in Iran, Turkey, Pakistan, Indonesia, China, Haiti, Japan, and the United States of America. The data was analyzed using a frequency study. The analysis contrasts the fatalities of some of the strongest earthquakes around the world between 1960 and 2010. Results - Poor quality construction practices and a lack of effective application of project management knowledge play a major role in the vast destruction, high death toll, and dismal tragedies that are associated with earthquakes, especially in Iran. Conclusions - Despite the history of tragic earthquakes and their continuing recurrence, this study attempts to make governments, companies, and disaster management personnel aware of the dangers of poor quality construction and the deficient application of project management knowledge and, further, accentuates effective ways to prevent the probability of serious damage in future. This study contains valuable information on the effects of project management application towards reducing earthquake fatalities and destruction.

Purpose - This objective of this study is to analyze the factors that impact Chinese consumers' purchasing intent for high-tech products. The study examines smart phones'features, Chinese personal consumer characteristics, and social influence. Research design, data, and methodology - The study employed survey data based on 200 questionnaires in principal Chinese cites between October and December 2011. SPSS 17.0 was employed to analyze the data used to test the hypotheses the analysis results confirmed some hypotheses proposed. Results - Hypothesis 1, Hypothesis 4, and Hypothesis 7 proposing that utilization, social image, and attractiveness, respectively, of smart phone elements influence the Chinese consumers' purchasing intent are supported. Conclusions - This study found the factors that impact purchasing intent for high-tech products among Chinese consumers, with some factors like social image, attractiveness, and utilization playing critical roles; however, hypotheses proposing factors such as ease of use, pleasantness, personal innovativeness, and compatibility were rejected. In future, more research focusing on the elements of smart phones is required.