In this paper, an energy regeneration algorithm is proposed to make the maximum use of the regenerative braking energy for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle(HEV) equipped with a continuous variable transmission(CVT). The regenerative algorithm is developed by considering the battery state of charge(SOC), vehicle velocity and motor capacity. The hydraulic module consists of a reducing valve and a power unit to supply the front wheel brake pressure according to the control algorithm. In order to evaluate the performance of the regenerative braking algorithm and the hydraulic module, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) is performed. In the HILS system, the brake system consists of four wheel brakes and the hydraulic module. Dynamic characteristics of the HEV are simulated using an HEV simulator. In the HEV simulator, each element of the HEV powertrain such as internal combustion engine, motor, battery and CVT is modelled using MATLAB/$Simulink^{(R)}$. In the HILS, a driver operates the brake pedal with his or her foot while the vehicle speed is displayed on the monitor in real time. It is found from the HILS that the regenerative braking algorithm and the hydraulic module suggested in this paper provide a satisfactory braking performance in tracking the driving schedule and maintaining the battery state of charge.

In this paper, the authors benchmark a servo valve model for the fuel supply system of Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) in the KHP helicopter. This valve is directly driven with a torque motor, and the size of small gap controlled by a flapper can make change of flow rate under given pressure drop between inlet and outlet. CFD analyses using a commercial code, ANSYS-CFX 10 are performed for the series of three-dimensional models at various openness conditions. The computational results on simplified models show that CFD can play a fine roll in the design of flow path as well as in the estimation of flow force due to its precision and good repeatability. Consequently, the CFD analysis helps valve designers to understand its flow characteristics from the basis of physical fundamentals.

This study presents an analytical model of the pneumatic circuit of an air suspension system to analyze the characteristics of vehicle height control. The analytical model was developed through the co-simulation of Simulink(air spring) and HyPneu(pneumatic circuit). Variant effective area of air spring and flow coefficients of pneumatic valves were estimated experimentally prior to the system test, and utilized in simulation. One-comer test apparatus was established using the components of commercial air suspension products. The results of simulation and experiment were so close that the proposed analytical model in this study was validated. However the frictional loss of conduit and heat dissipation which were ignored in this study need to be considered in future study. As an application example of proposed analytical model, an alternative pneumatic circuit of air suspension to conventional WABCO circuit was evaluated. The comparison of simulation results of WABCO circuit and alternative circuit show that proposed analytical model of co-simulation in this study is useful for the study of pneumatic system of automotive air suspension.

This paper deals with the issue of position tracking control of a clamp-cylinder for injection moulding machine with electric-hydrostatic drives. A fixed displacement pump is utilized in combination with AC motor in order to directly control a clamp-cylinder. A clamp-cylinder may be required to operate under a variety of operating conditions. Therefore, robust control performance is important in position tracking control applications. In order to accommodate mismatches between the real plant and the model used for controller design, discrete-time sliding mode control is developed by combining a velocity feedforward loop. From tracking control experiments, it is shown that significant reduction in position tracking error is achieved through the use of sliding mode control.

For the bucket tip position control of the excavator, a traditional hydraulic excavator system was exchanged into an electro-hydraulic one. EPPR valves are attached to the traditional MCV and hydraulic joysticks are replaced by electronic ones to develop the electro-hydraulic system. To control the electronic pump with a good performance, the control logic for the pump is deduced from the AMESim simulation and the experimental method on the test bench. To get a good position control performance of the excavator bucket tip, PI+AntiWindup controller is selected as a position controller. The experimental results showed the good controllability for the electro-hydraulic excavator system on the test bench.