The quality inspection was made on commercial Korean ginseng extract (Company A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H), particularly on samples available in Seoul market area. The results were as follews: 1) Among the ginseng extract products out of eight different manufactures, the moisture content of D company's product showed 46.5%, and other companys' met with the moisture standard for ginseng extracts. And protein, fat, ash, fiber and total sugar were about $9.87{\sim}21.07%,\;0.46{\sim}1.62%,\;6.55{\sim}7.88%,\;0{\sim}0.15%\;and\;58.58{\sim}76.74%$, respectively. And residue of D and F company products showed 3.25% and 3.61% which exceed the standard, and other company products met with residue test specifications. 2) The contents of ginseng saponins were 16.16% and 13.12%, respectively, for the C and H company products. However, other company's showed below 9%. By fractional distribution of ginseng saponins, it is supposed to be white ginseng and lateral ginseng that were mostly used as raw materials for ginseng extract manufacturing.

It was prevously shown that 'Kamisamhwang-Tang' had been examined for effects of the anticonvulsion, antipyretic, analgesic and sedative. To investigate the effect on cardiovascular system and antibacterial activities, pharmacological studies have been carried out with each extract. The results of this investigation were summarized as follows: 1) 'Kamisamhwang-Tang' depressed central convulsion induced by strychnine, picrotoxine and caffeine in mice. 2) Antipyretic, analgesic and sedative action were observed. 3) Hypotensive effect was observed in rabbits. 4) Antibacterial activities was observed.

'Kangsim-San' is an added and subtracted prescription of 'Cheongsim-Yeonza-Tang' recorded in 'Dongeuy-Soose-Boweon' from which it has become one of the favorate prescriptions at the Oriental Medical Hospital, Kyung-Hee University. It is described in the book that the 'Cheongsim-Yeonza-Tang' can be effective to symptoms relating to fatigue, nocturnal emission, abdominal pain, tongue deviation and palsy, etc. However the 'Kangsim-San' has been used for neurotic syndrome, pulpitation, insomnia, constipation, dry-mouth, auorexia and arrythmias and so on, added to the above-mentioned symptoms for the 'Cheongsim-Yeonza-Tang' at the hospital. Nevertheless, the pharmacological research of fundamental basis is not completed so far, and we have attempted experiment on various animals to study the pharmacological effects of the medicine. The result was proved as follows; The prescription had a considerable effects on the sedation of central nervous system, antipyretic and analgesic action, and vasodilative action.

Alisol B(II) and alisol B monoacetate (III) isolated from the rhizome of Alisma orientale Jazepczuk (Alismataceae) showed antagonistic effects against the contractions induced by angiotensin and bradykinin in rat ileum. However, they seem to be nonspecific antagonism.

The acute toxicity and sedative activity of flavonoids and saponin isolated from Zizyphus seeds have been evaluated in mice. All the compounds elicited potentiation of hexobarbital-induced hypnosis, inhibition of ladder-climbing and caffeine-induced hyperactivity. Swertisin was the most potent of all flavonoids tested. The potency of saponin in these tests was found to be higher than that of swertisin. The activities in rotarod test and electroshock seizure test, on the other hand, were relatively weak or nil. From these findings it was suggested that flavonoids and saponin from Zizyphus seeds have neuroleptic activity without anticonvulsant or muscle relaxant activity accompanied by neurological deficit.

From the leaves of Polygonum sachalinense Fr. Schm. (Polygonaceae) quercetin, mp $316{\sim}8^{\circ}$, and avicularin, mp 216{\sim}6^{\circ},\;[{\alpha}]^D_{20}-152^{\circ}$, were isolated and characterized by spectral data. Both are first isolation from this plant.

Solanesol has been isolated from aged Korean native tobacco leaf(Hyangcho and Sohyang) by water pretreatment, hexane extraction and column chromatography on Florisil in yields of 0.41% and 0.31% dry wt., respectively. Thin-layer densitometric analysis of the hexane extracts of samples(Hyangcho Sohyang) has shown that the amounts of solanesol present are 0.74% and 0.52% dry wt., respectively.

국화과 식물 Solidago canadensis L.의 정유성분을 분석하였다. 특히 이 식물의 정유성분은 80% 이상이 C와 H로만 구성된 순수한 탄화수소(Hydrocarbon)화합물들인데 이것은 극성이 거의 같아서 일반적인 분석방법으로는 그 성분들의 분리가 어려운바, 최근 개발된 $AgNO_3$로 impregnation시킨 TLC 및 preparative gaschromatography와 spinningband를 이용한 micro분획증류등의 방법으로 분석 비교하였다.

Besides the emodin, three anthraquinone derivatives were isolated from the roots of Polygonum ciliinerve (Nakai) Owi which is indigenous exclusively to Korea. Two of them were identified as physcion and emodin-8-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside by mp, uv, ir and nmr spectra. And the third was converted to physcion and sugar by hydrolysis. The quantitative analysis of free and combined form of emodin and physcion was done by the spectrophotometry.