The International Federation of Foot and Ankle Societies (IFFAS) is a global organization for foot and ankle societies, comprising the Asian Federation of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (AFFAS), the European Foot and Ankle Society (EFAS), the Latin American Federation of Medicine and Surgery of the Foot and Leg (FLAMECIPP), the North American Federation of Foot and Ankle Societies (NAFFAS), and the Southern Federation of Foot and Ankle Society. Since 2005, IFFAS has organized worldwide conferences every three years, starting in Naples, Italy. The 2020 conference in Chile was postponed to 2022 due to COVID-19 pandemic and became biennial with the founding of the Southern Federation. Consequently, the conference is set to take place in Seoul in 2024. IFFAS 2024 was the first global foot and ankle conference held post-pandemic and significant as the first IFFAS event in Asia since the 2011 conference was canceled because of the Great East Japan Earthquake. Under the theme "Meet the knowledge and beautifulness," the event was hosted in Seoul. The academic program included an AFFAS-hosted event on May 30, followed by the IFFAS-hosted conference from May 31 to June 1, with all events organized by the Korean Foot & Ankle Society (KFAS).

This study examined the levels of satisfaction from medical staff and patients by analyzing 691 Supreme Court precedents on medical practice from legal disputes in Korea, which are developing into a dual medical system. In addition, the issues that can be prevented in the medical field through the flow and judgment of legal disputes in medical practice after the revision of the medical law are discussed. The concept of medical practice not specified in the Medical Law was examined and compared with the medical-legal systems of Germany, Japan, and the USA through international comparative analysis to assess the illegal factors occurring in the medical field by analyzing the legal approach, medical practice, and medical personnel qualifications of each country. An analysis of the Supreme Court's case law revealed the timing analysis of issues in legal disputes related to medical practice, the incidence rate among the subjects of the cases, and medical personnel to be significant. The meaning was studied by finding the law that applied to it. Important cases were identified, and their meaning was reviewed. The legal issues of medical practice in orthopedics were divided into five sections based on precedents, such as problems in consent to information at the start of treatment, problems in prior radiography before treatment, explanation of the consent process for surgical treatment, problems related to the qualification of operators in the operating room, and the responsibility for postoperative results. In the wake of the recent major crisis in the government's medical reform policy (Essential medical package), procedural problems and legal reviews of illegal medical practices and their qualifications in the medical field were conducted because of the lack of medical personnel.

Purpose: Diabetic foot ulcers and gangrene are major complications of diabetes, often accompanied by peripheral vascular occlusion. Revascularization is performed to restore blood flow and reduce complications such as amputation surgery. Nevertheless, reocclusion, a frequently reported complication after revascularization, often necessitates further lower limb amputations to facilitate rehabilitation and ambulation. This study examined the factors influencing the performance of secondary revascularization procedures in patients with diabetic foot gangrene who even underwent transtibial amputation (TTA) following revascularization. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 36 patients with diabetic foot gangrene who underwent TTA after revascularization from March 2005 to March 2022. The factors influencing restenosis were classified into three categories: revascularization factors, preoperative factors, and intraoperative factors. The revascularization factors were categorized based on whether percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) or bypass surgery had been performed. Preoperative factors included the patient's age, gender, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, and other relevant factors. Intraoperative factors included surgery duration, blood loss, and transfusion. The study examined the factors influencing secondary revascularization in these three categories. Results: Among the 36 patients in the study, 27.8% (11 patients) underwent secondary revascularization procedures. There was no significant correlation between the performance of secondary revascularization and the type of revascularization procedure, whether PTA or bypass surgery (p>0.05). Similarly, no significant differences were observed in preoperative factors (including age, BMI, smoking status, HbA1c, and underlying diseases) and intraoperative factors (surgery duration, blood loss, and transfusion). On the other hand, regarding gender, all patients who underwent revascularization procedures were male, indicating a statistically significant result (p=0.039). Conclusion: This study suggests that while most clinical variables showed no association with reocclusion, the fact that all patients who underwent secondary revascularization procedures were male indicates that gender may be a significant predictive factor of revascularization.

A reverse sural flap is a surgical procedure to repair soft tissue defects, usually in the ankle region. This procedure involves moving a tissue flap from the calf to cover a defect in the ankle. The flap is turned 180° so that the tissue around the wound is supplied with blood by the vessels at the base of the flap, typically preserving the sural nerve and artery. This method is particularly valuable when thick and robust tissue is required to cover defects resulting from traumatic injuries, chronic wounds, or post-skin tumor removal when the local tissue is insufficient for direct closure. In this case, a patient who had undergone surgery for a chronic ulcerative lesion on the Achilles tendon three years prior to presentation at the authors' hospital was treated using a half-width reverse sural flap. Modifications to the sural flap design may be crucial considering the surgical history, blood supply, and defect size around the lower leg. In particular, previous surgeries for lower leg fractures or ligament damage may limit blood supply and require flap design modifications.

Neuropathic arthropathy (Charcot arthropathy) is a progressive joint disease often associated with conditions such as diabetes, leading to severe joint deformity and pain. However, its occurrence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is rare and not well documented. This case report describes a 48-year-old woman with a long history of RA who developed a severe deformity of her right ankle, identified as neuropathic arthropathy extending to the subtalar joint (Brodsky classification type 3A). After excluding other potential causes, the condition was determined to be secondary to RA-associated peripheral neuropathy. Surgery, including allograft and autograft fixation, was performed to correct the deformity. Post-operative complications, such as wound infection, were treated with negative pressure wound therapy and skin grafting. At the 18-month follow-up, the patient was able to walk without pain, demonstrating successful joint fusion.

Tillaux fractures, a rare type corresponding to Salter-Harris type 3, are observed in approximately 3% of pediatric ankle fractures. They are known to occur primarily via a supination-external rotation mechanism. Maisonneuve fractures, on the other hand, are proximal fibula fractures involving injury on syndesmosis, deltoid ligament, or medial malleolus fracture, occurring via a pronation-external rotation mechanism. These two types of fractures occur through different mechanisms of injury. In this study, a nine-year-old female pediatric patient presented to the outpatient department with ankle pain following a fall from a trampoline and was diagnosed with concurrent Tillaux-like fracture and Maisonneuve fractures. Surgical treatment was performed, resulting in successful recovery.

Recurrent deformity following hallux valgus surgery can be technically challenging to treat. In cases of revision surgery, a surgical technique with greater corrective power is often chosen compared to the primary surgery. Therefore, minimally invasive surgery is not commonly performed. On the other hand, minimally invasive surgery minimizes soft tissue damage and allows for greater correction of deformity compared to traditional open approaches. This paper reports four cases of recurrent hallux valgus treated with a minimally invasive distal transverse metatarsal osteotomy - Akin osteotomy (MITA), resulting in significant improvements in the clinical and radiographic outcomes.