The Korean journal of internal medicine

The Korean Association of Internal Medicine (대한내과학회)
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Gut microbiota dysbiosis and its impact on asthma and other lung diseases: potential therapeutic approaches

  • Young-Chan Kim (Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital) ;
  • Kyoung-Hee Sohn (Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital) ;
  • Hye-Ryun Kang (Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital)
  • Received : 2023.10.21
  • Accepted : 2024.04.07
  • Published : 2024.09.01
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Abstract

The emerging field of gut-lung axis research has revealed a complex interplay between the gut microbiota and respiratory health, particularly in asthma. This review comprehensively explored the intricate relationship between these two systems, focusing on their influence on immune responses, inflammation, and the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota dysbiosis can contribute to asthma onset and exacerbation, prompting investigations into therapeutic strategies to correct this imbalance. Probiotics and prebiotics, known for their ability to modulate gut microbial compositions, were discussed as potential interventions to restore immune homeostasis. The impact of antibiotics and metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids produced by the gut microbiota, on immune regulation was examined. Fecal microbiota transplantation has shown promise in various diseases, but its role in respiratory disorders is not established. Innovative approaches, including mucus transplants, inhaled probiotics, and microencapsulation strategies, have been proposed as novel therapeutic avenues. Despite challenges, including the sophisticated adaptability of microbial communities and the need for mechanistic clarity, the potential for microbiota-based interventions is considerable. Collaboration between researchers, clinicians, and other experts is essential to unravel the complexities of the gut-lung axis, paving a way for innovative strategies that could transform the management of respiratory diseases.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The figure was created through BioRender.com.

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